Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research
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Stock Discrimination of Northern Pike Esox lucius L., 1758 Inhabiting Lakes Simenlik and Ladik (Samsun-Turkey) Using Otolith Biometry and Shape Analysis

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 192 - 202, 26.08.2022

Enes HANÇER Melek ÖZPİÇAK Semra SAYGIN Aykut AYDIN Savaş YILMAZ Nazmi POLAT

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.987514

Öz

This study was carried out to investigate the relationships between total length and otolith dimensions and to detect the otolith shape index values of Northern pike (Esox lucius) which has high economic value, sampled from Ladik and Simenlik Lakes. A total of 140 specimens (Lake Ladik: 82 individuals, Lake Simenlik: 58 individuals) were sampled. Otolith height, length, perimeter, and area were determined by Imaging Software. Nonlinear and linear models were applied to estimate the relationships between the otolith measurements and total length. Form factor, circularity, roundness, rectangularity, aspect ratio, and ellipticity were used for otolith shape analyses. It was found that the relationship between the total length-otolith length was found to have the highest r2 value (Lake Ladik r2=0.949, Lake Simenlik r2=0.914) among the total length-otolith morphometrics at both localities. Otolith shape indices were calculated by using otolith measurements. As a result of comparing shape indices, it was found that there was a significant difference in two localities using roundness, ellipticity, and aspect ratio (P <0.05). The results indicated otolith shape indices could be used as a suitable tool to discriminate Northern pike populations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Esox lucius, otolith shape, biometry, Ladik Lake, Simenlik Lake

Destekleyen Kurum

ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ PROJE YÖNETİM OFİSİ

Teşekkür

This study was financially supported by Ondokuz Mayıs University (Project No: PYO.FEN.1901.17.003) and presented in Ecology 2018 International Symposium, 19-23 June 2018, Kastamonu-Turkey by oral presentation. We want to thank to Ondokuz Mayıs University Project Office.

Kaynakça

  • Afanasyev PK, Orlov AM, Rolsky AY. 2017. Otolith shape analysis as a tool for species identification and studying the population structure of different fish species. Bio Bull. 44(8): 952-959. doi:10.1134/S1062359017080027.
  • Agüera A, Brophy D. 2011. Use of sagittal otolith shape analysis to discriminate Northeast Atlantic and Western Mediterranean stocks of Atlantic saury, Scomberesox saurus saurus (Walbaum). Fish Res. 110(3): 465-471. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.003.
  • Avigliano E, de Carvalho BM, Miller N, Gironde SC, Tombari A, Limburg K, Volpedo AV. 2019. Fin spine chemistry as a non-lethal alternative to otoliths for stock discrimination in an endangered catfish. Mar Ecol Prog. 614: 147-157. doi: 10.3354/meps12895.
  • Bacha M, Jeyid AM, Jaafour S, Yahyaoui A, Diop M, Amara R. 2016. Insights on stock structure of round sardinella aurita off north‐west Africa based on otolith shape analysis. J Fish Biol. 89: 4, 2153-2166. doi:10.1111/jfb.13117.
  • Bano F, Serajuddin M. 2021. Sulcus and outline morphometrics of sagittal otolith variability in freshwater fragmented populations of dwarf gourami, Trichogaster lalia (Hamilton, 1822). Limnologica. 125842. doi: 10.1016/j.limno.2020.125842.
  • Battaglia P, Malara D, Romeo T, Andaloro F. 2010. Relationships between otolith size and fish size in some mesopelagic and bathypelagic species from the Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Messina, Italy). Sci. Mar. 74(3): 605–612. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2010.74n3605.
  • Begg GA, Brown RW. 2000. Stock identification of Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus on Georges Bank based on otolith shape analysis. Trans of Am Fish Soc129: 335-345. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129<0935:SIOHMA>2.3.CO;2.
  • Bostanci D, Yedier S, Kontaş S, Kurucu G, Polat N. 2017. Regional variation of relationship between total length and otolith sizes in the three Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 populations, Turkey. Ege J Fish Aqua Sci. 34(1): 11-16. doi: 10.12714/egejfas.2017.34.1.02.
  • Bostancı D, Yedier S. 2018. Discrimination of invasive fish Atherina boyeri (Pisces: Atherinidae) populations by evaluating the performance of otolith morphometrics in several lentic habitats. Fresen Environ Bull. 27(6): 4493-4501.
  • Bulatović I, Marić, D, Milošević D. 2021. Relationships between Otolith Dimensions and Body Length of Five Cyprinid Fish Species from Lake Skadar, Adriatic Catchment of Montenegro. Acta Zool. Bulg. (In press).
  • Campana SE, Thorrold SR. 2001. Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 58: 30-38. doi: 10.1139/f00-177.
  • Cardinale M, Doering-Arjes P, Kastowsky M, Mosegaard H. 2004. Effects of sex stock and environment on the shape of known-age Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 61: 158-167. doi: 10.1139/f03-151.
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  • Chen K, He D, Ding C, Jia Y, Chen Y. 2021. Evaluation of the Lapillar otolith shape as a tool for discrimination of stock of Naked Carp, Gymnocypris selincuoensis in the Tibetan Plateau. Pak J Zool. 1-13.
  • Craig JF. 2008. A short review of pike ecology. Hydrobiologia, 601: 5–16. doi: 10.1007/s10750-007-9262-3.
  • Duncan R, Brophy D, Arrizabalaga H. 2018. Otolith shape analysis as a tool for stock separation of albacore tuna feeding in the Northeast Atlantic. Fish Res, 200: 68-74. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2017.12.011.
  • Fey DP, Greszkiewicz M. 2021. Effects of temperature on somatic growth, otolith growth, and uncoupling in the otolith to fish size relationship of larval northern pike, Esox lucius L. Fish Res, 236: 105843. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105843.
  • Galley EA, Wright PJ, Gibb FM. 2006. Combined methods of otolith shape analysis improve identification of spawning areas of Atlantic Cod. ICES Mar Sc. 63: 1710-171. doi: 10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.06.014.
  • Ghanbarifardi M, Zarei R. 2021. Otolith shape analysis of three mudskipper species of Persian Gulf. Iran J Fish Sci. 20(2): 333-342. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2021.123784.
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  • Jemaa S, Bacha M, Khalaf G, Dessailly D, Rabhi K, Amara R. 2015. What can otolith shape analysis tell us about population structure of the European sardine, Sardina pilchardus, from Atlantic and Mediterranean waters?. J Sea Res. 96: 11-17. doi:10.1016/j.seares.2014.11.002.
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Ladik ve Simenlik Gölleri’nde Yaşayan Turna Balığının Otolit Biyometrisi ve Şekil Analizleri Kullanılarak Stok Ayrımları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 192 - 202, 26.08.2022

Enes HANÇER Melek ÖZPİÇAK Semra SAYGIN Aykut AYDIN Savaş YILMAZ Nazmi POLAT

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.987514

Öz

Bu çalışma, Ladik ve Simenlik Gölleri’nden örneklenmiş ve ekonomik değeri oldukça yüksek olan turna balığının (Esox lucius) total boyu ve otolit özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek ve otolit şekil indeks değerlerini saptamak için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplamda 140 örnek (Ladik Gölü: 82 birey, Simenlik Gölü: 58 birey) örneklenmiştir. Otolit eni, boyu, çevresi ve alanı görüntü analiz programı ile belirlenmiştir. Otolit ölçümleri ve balık total boyu arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan ilişkilerden faydalanılmıştır. Otolit şekil analizleri için Şekil Faktörü, Yuvarlaklık, Dairesellik, Dikdörtgensellik, En-Boy Oranı ve Eliptiklik parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Her iki lokalite için de otolit ölçümleri ve balık boyu arasındaki ilişkilerde otolit boyunun en yüksek r2 değerine sahip olduğu bulunmuştur (Ladik Gölü r2=0,949, Simenlik Gölü r2=0,914). Otolit şekil indeksleri otolit ölçümleri kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Şekil indekslerinin lokaliteler arasında karşılaştırma sonuçlarına göre, Yuvarlaklık, Eliptiklik ve En-Boy Oranı parametrelerinin önemli derecede farklı olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, turna popülasyonlarının ayrım için otolit şekil indekslerinin kullanışlı bir araç olduğunu belirtmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Esox lucius, otolit şekli, biyometri, Ladik Gölü, Simenlik Gölü

Kaynakça

  • Afanasyev PK, Orlov AM, Rolsky AY. 2017. Otolith shape analysis as a tool for species identification and studying the population structure of different fish species. Bio Bull. 44(8): 952-959. doi:10.1134/S1062359017080027.
  • Agüera A, Brophy D. 2011. Use of sagittal otolith shape analysis to discriminate Northeast Atlantic and Western Mediterranean stocks of Atlantic saury, Scomberesox saurus saurus (Walbaum). Fish Res. 110(3): 465-471. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.003.
  • Avigliano E, de Carvalho BM, Miller N, Gironde SC, Tombari A, Limburg K, Volpedo AV. 2019. Fin spine chemistry as a non-lethal alternative to otoliths for stock discrimination in an endangered catfish. Mar Ecol Prog. 614: 147-157. doi: 10.3354/meps12895.
  • Bacha M, Jeyid AM, Jaafour S, Yahyaoui A, Diop M, Amara R. 2016. Insights on stock structure of round sardinella aurita off north‐west Africa based on otolith shape analysis. J Fish Biol. 89: 4, 2153-2166. doi:10.1111/jfb.13117.
  • Bano F, Serajuddin M. 2021. Sulcus and outline morphometrics of sagittal otolith variability in freshwater fragmented populations of dwarf gourami, Trichogaster lalia (Hamilton, 1822). Limnologica. 125842. doi: 10.1016/j.limno.2020.125842.
  • Battaglia P, Malara D, Romeo T, Andaloro F. 2010. Relationships between otolith size and fish size in some mesopelagic and bathypelagic species from the Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Messina, Italy). Sci. Mar. 74(3): 605–612. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2010.74n3605.
  • Begg GA, Brown RW. 2000. Stock identification of Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus on Georges Bank based on otolith shape analysis. Trans of Am Fish Soc129: 335-345. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129<0935:SIOHMA>2.3.CO;2.
  • Bostanci D, Yedier S, Kontaş S, Kurucu G, Polat N. 2017. Regional variation of relationship between total length and otolith sizes in the three Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 populations, Turkey. Ege J Fish Aqua Sci. 34(1): 11-16. doi: 10.12714/egejfas.2017.34.1.02.
  • Bostancı D, Yedier S. 2018. Discrimination of invasive fish Atherina boyeri (Pisces: Atherinidae) populations by evaluating the performance of otolith morphometrics in several lentic habitats. Fresen Environ Bull. 27(6): 4493-4501.
  • Bulatović I, Marić, D, Milošević D. 2021. Relationships between Otolith Dimensions and Body Length of Five Cyprinid Fish Species from Lake Skadar, Adriatic Catchment of Montenegro. Acta Zool. Bulg. (In press).
  • Campana SE, Thorrold SR. 2001. Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 58: 30-38. doi: 10.1139/f00-177.
  • Cardinale M, Doering-Arjes P, Kastowsky M, Mosegaard H. 2004. Effects of sex stock and environment on the shape of known-age Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 61: 158-167. doi: 10.1139/f03-151.
  • Casselman JM. 1996. Age, growth and environmental requirements of pike. In: John C, editor. Pike: Biology and exploitation, Chapman & Hall, 69-101. doi: 10.1007/978-94-015-8775-4_4
  • Chen K, He D, Ding C, Jia Y, Chen Y. 2021. Evaluation of the Lapillar otolith shape as a tool for discrimination of stock of Naked Carp, Gymnocypris selincuoensis in the Tibetan Plateau. Pak J Zool. 1-13.
  • Craig JF. 2008. A short review of pike ecology. Hydrobiologia, 601: 5–16. doi: 10.1007/s10750-007-9262-3.
  • Duncan R, Brophy D, Arrizabalaga H. 2018. Otolith shape analysis as a tool for stock separation of albacore tuna feeding in the Northeast Atlantic. Fish Res, 200: 68-74. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2017.12.011.
  • Fey DP, Greszkiewicz M. 2021. Effects of temperature on somatic growth, otolith growth, and uncoupling in the otolith to fish size relationship of larval northern pike, Esox lucius L. Fish Res, 236: 105843. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105843.
  • Galley EA, Wright PJ, Gibb FM. 2006. Combined methods of otolith shape analysis improve identification of spawning areas of Atlantic Cod. ICES Mar Sc. 63: 1710-171. doi: 10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.06.014.
  • Ghanbarifardi M, Zarei R. 2021. Otolith shape analysis of three mudskipper species of Persian Gulf. Iran J Fish Sci. 20(2): 333-342. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2021.123784.
  • Gierl C, Reichenbacher B. 2015. A new fossil genus of Gobiiformes from the Miocene characterized by a mosaic set of characters. Copeia, 103(4): 792-805. doi: 10.1643/CI-14-146.
  • Harvey JT, Loughlin TR, Perez MA, Oxman DS. 2000. Relationship between fish size and otolith length for 63 species of fishes from the Eastern North Pacific Ocean. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 150.
  • Harvey B. 2009. A biological synopsis of northern pike (Esox lucius). Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2885, 31, Canada.
  • Jawad LA, Park JM, Kwak SN, Ligas A. 2017. Study of the relationship between fish size and otolith size in four demersal species from the south-eastern Yellow Sea. Cahiers Biol. Mar. 58: 9–15. doi: 10.21411/CBM.A.645C2013.
  • Jemaa S, Bacha M, Khalaf G, Dessailly D, Rabhi K, Amara R. 2015. What can otolith shape analysis tell us about population structure of the European sardine, Sardina pilchardus, from Atlantic and Mediterranean waters?. J Sea Res. 96: 11-17. doi:10.1016/j.seares.2014.11.002.
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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Limnoloji, Balıkçılık Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Enes HANÇER
ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
0000-0001-8688-4588
Türkiye

Melek ÖZPİÇAK
Ondokuz Mayis University
0000-0003-3506-4242
Türkiye

Semra SAYGIN
ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
0000-0002-3249-5074
Türkiye

Aykut AYDIN
ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
0000-0001-5222-0353
Türkiye

Savaş YILMAZ
ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
0000-0003-2859-4886
Türkiye

Nazmi POLAT
ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
0000-0001-9785-9927
Türkiye

Proje Numarası PYO.FEN.1901.17.003
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2022
Yayınlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Hançer, E. , Özpiçak, M. , Saygın, S. , Aydın, A. , Yılmaz, S. & Polat, N. (2022). Stock Discrimination of Northern Pike Esox lucius L., 1758 Inhabiting Lakes Simenlik and Ladik (Samsun-Turkey) Using Otolith Biometry and Shape Analysis . Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research , 8 (2) , 192-202 . DOI: 10.17216/limnofish.987514