Öz
Amfibi patojeni Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis Anadolu’da rapor edilmesine rağmen, hem coğrafik dağılımı hem
de Türkiye amfibileri üzerindeki etkisi hala belirsizdir. Bu çalışmada, Doğu
Karadeniz Bölgesindeki beş sulak alandan on farklı amfibi türlerine (Pelodytes caucasicus, Rana dalmatina, Rana macrocnemis, Bufo bufo,
Bufo verrucosissimus, Bufotes variabilis, Hyla savignyi Pelophylax
ridibundus, Ommatotriton ophryticus,
Mertensiella caucasicus) ait 62 ergin birey toplandı.
Kantitatif Real-time PCR tekniği ile tüm bireylerde B. dendrobatidis enfeksiyonlarının prevalansı ve yoğunluğu ile
araştırıldı ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki 10 amfibi türünden toplanan 62
bireyin 13’ ünde B. dendrobatidis
enfeksiyonu varlığı ilk kez rapor edildi. Enfeksiyon yoğunluğu 403,520-534,340
genomik eşdeğerler arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Amfibi türler arasında en
yüksek genomik eşdeğer Uzungöl’ deki P.
caucasicus (534,280) ve Karagöl'de B. bufo (504,00) saptandı.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Chytridiomycosis Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Anadolu Amphibia
Kaynakça
- Anna ES, Grismer LL, Anuar S, Onn CK, Grismer JL, Quah E, Muin MA, Ahmad N, Lenker M, Zamudio KR. 2011. First record of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infecting four frog families from Peninsular Malaysia. Ecohealth. 8(1):121-128. doi: 10.1007/s10393-011-0685-y
- Ansell SW, Stenøien HK, Grundmann M, Russell SJ, Koch MA, Schneider H, Vogel JC. 2011. The importance of Anatolian mountains as the cradle of global diversity in Arabis alpina, a key arctic–alpine species. Annals of Botany. 108(2):241-252. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcr134
- Bai C, Garner TWJ, Garner, LiY. 2010. First evidence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in China: discovery of chytridiomycosis in introduced American bullfrogs and native amphibians in the Yunnan Province, China. EcoHealth. 7(1):127-134. doi: 10.1007/s10393-010-0307-0
- Başkale E, Yildirim E,Çevik IE, Kaya U. 2013. Population size and age structure of metamorphic and pedomorphic forms of Ommatotriton ophryticus (Berthold, 1846) in the Northwestern Black Sea Region of Turkey. J Herpetol. 47(2):270-276. doi: 10.1670/11-116
- Boyle DG, Boyle DB, Olsen V, Morgan JAT, Hyatt AD. 2004. Rapid quantitative detection of chytridiomycosis Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibian samples using real-time taqman PCR assay. Dis Aquat Organ. 60(2):141-148. doi: 10.3354/dao060141
- Bülbül U, Matsui M, Kutrup B, Eto K. 2011. Taxonomic relationships among Turkish water frogs as revealed by phylo-genetic analyses using mtDNA gene sequences. Zool Sci. 28(12):930-936. doi: 10.2108/zsj.28.930
- Carver S, Bell BD, Waldman B. 2010. Does chytridiomycosis disrupt amphibian skin function? Copeia. 2010(3):487-495. doi: 10.1643/CH-09-128
- Daszak P, Berger L, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD, Green DE, Speare R. 1999. Emerging infectious diseases and amphibian population declines. Emerg Infect Dis. 5(6):735-748. doi : 10.3201/eid0506.990601
- Di Rosa I, Simoncelli F, Fagotti A, Pascolini R. 2007. Ecology: the proximate cause of frog declines? Nature. 447(7144):4-5. doi: 10.1038/nature05941
- Erismis UC, Konuk M, Yoldas T, Agyar P, Yumuk D, Korcan SE. 2014. Survey of Turkey’s endemic frogs for amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Dis Aquat Organ. 111(2):153-157. doi: 10.3354/dao02742
- Farrer RA, Weinert LA, Bielby J, Garner TW, Balloux F, Clare F, Bosch J, Cunningham AA, Weldon C, du Preez LH, Anderson L, Pond SL, Shahar-Golan R, Henk DA, Fisher MC. 2011. Multiple emergences of genetically diverse amphibian-infecting chytrids include a globalized hypervirulent recombinant lineage. P Natl Acad Scı Usa. 108(46):18732-18736. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111915108
- Fisher MC, Garner TW, Walker SF. 2009. Global emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and amphibian chytridiomycosis in space, time, and host. Annu Rev Microbiol. 63:291-310. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073435
- Franzen M, Bussmann M, Kordges T, Thiesmeier B. 2008. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Südwest-Türkei. Bielefeld: Laurenti Verlag 329 p.
- Göçmen B, Veith M, Iğci N, Akman B, Godmann O, Wagner N. 2013. No detection of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in terrestrial Turkish salamanders (Lyciasalamandra) despite its occurrence in syntopic frogs (Pelophylax bedriagae). Salamandra. 49(1):51-55.
- Hyatt AD, Boyle DG, Olsen V, Boyle DB, Berger L, Obendorf D. 2007. Diagnostic assays and sampling protocols for the detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Dis Aquat Organ. 73(3):175-192. doi: 10.3354/dao073175
- Kriger KM, Hines HB, Hyatt AD, Boyle DG, Hero JM. 2006. Techniques for detecting chytridiomycosis in wild frogs: comparing histology with real-time taqman PCR. Dis Aquat Organ. 71(2):141-148. doi: 10.3354/dao071141
- Kriger KM, Pereoglou F, Hero JM. 2007. Latitudinal variation in the prevalence and intensity of chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in eastern Australia. Conserv Biol. 21(5):1280-1290. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00777.x
- Marantelli G, Berger L, Speare R, Keegan L 2004. Distribution of the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and keratin during tadpole development. Pacific Conservation Biology. 10(2):173-179. doi: 10.1071/PC040173
- Mazzoni R, Cunningham AA, Daszak P, Apolo A, Perdomo E, Speranza G. 2003. Emerging pathogen of wild amphibians in frogs.Rana catesbeiana farmed for international trade. Emerg Infect Dis. 9(8):995-998. doi: 10.3201/eid0908.030030
- Morehouse EA, James TY, GanleyA RD, Vilgalys R, Berger L, Murphy PJ, Longcore J E. 2003. Multilocus sequence typing suggests that the chytrid pathogen of amphibians is a recently emerged clone. Mol Ecol. 12(2):395-403. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01732.x
- Richmond JQ, Savage AE, Zamudio KR, Rosenblum EB. 2009. Toward immunogenic studies of amphibian chytridiomycosis: linking innate and acquired immunity. Bioscience 59(4):311-32. doi: 10.1525/bio.2009.59.4.9
- Ron SR. 2005. Predicting the distribution of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the new world. Biotropica. 37(2):209-221. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2005.00028.x
- Sensoy S, Demircan M, Ulupınar Y, Balta İ. 2008. Türkiye İklimi; [cited 18 Feb 2018]. Available from https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/genel/makale/13_turkiye_iklimi.pdf
- Şekercioğlu CH, Anderson S, Akçay E, Bilgin R, Emre Can Ö, Semiz G, Tavşanoğlu C, Baki Yokeş M, Soyumert A, İpekdal K, Sağlam İK, Yücel M, Dalfes HN. 2011. Turkey’s globally important biodiversity in crisis. Biol Conserv. 144(12):2752-2769. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.025 Veith M, Schmidtler F, Kosuch J, Baran I, Seitz A. 2003. Paleoclimatic changes explain Anatolian mountain frog evolution: a test for alternating vicariance and dispersal event. Mol Ecol. 12(1):185-189. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01714.x
- Weldon C, du Preez LH, Hyatt AD, Muller R, Speare R. 2004. Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. Emerg Infect Dis. 10(12):2100-2105. doi: 10.3201/eid1012.030804
- Yildiz MZ, Göcmen B. 2012. Population dynamics, reproduction, and life history traits of Taurus Frog, Rana holtzi Werner, 1898 (Anura: Ranidae) in Karagöl (Ulukışla, Niğde), Turkey. Herpetologica Romanica.6:1-40.
Potential Distribution of the Amphibian Pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey
Öz
Although Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis, pathogen for amphibians, has been reported in Anatolia, its
geographical distribution, as well as its impact on the amphibians in Turkey,
remained obscure. In this study, 62 adult individuals belonging to ten
different species (Pelodytes caucasicus, Rana dalmatina, Rana
macrocnemis, Bufo bufo, Bufo verrucosissimus, Bufotes variabilis,
Hyla savignyi, Pelophylax ridibundus, Ommatotriton ophryticus,
and Mertensiella caucasicus) were collected from five wetland habitats
in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The prevalence and the intensity of B.
dendrobatidis infections in all the individuals were investigated by using
quantitative Real-time-PCR technique and the presence of B. dendrobatidis
infection was reported for the first time in 13 of the 62 individuals collected
from 10 amphibian species from Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The
intensity of B. dendrobatidis infection ranged from 403.520 to 534.280
genomic equivalents (GE) was detected. The highest GE between
amphibian species were determined in P. caucasicus (534.280 GE)
in Uzungöl (Çaykara-Trabzon) and B. bufo (504.00 GE) in Lake
Karagöl (Şavşat-Artvin).
Anahtar Kelimeler
Chytridiomycosis Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Anatolia Amphibia
Kaynakça
- Anna ES, Grismer LL, Anuar S, Onn CK, Grismer JL, Quah E, Muin MA, Ahmad N, Lenker M, Zamudio KR. 2011. First record of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infecting four frog families from Peninsular Malaysia. Ecohealth. 8(1):121-128. doi: 10.1007/s10393-011-0685-y
- Ansell SW, Stenøien HK, Grundmann M, Russell SJ, Koch MA, Schneider H, Vogel JC. 2011. The importance of Anatolian mountains as the cradle of global diversity in Arabis alpina, a key arctic–alpine species. Annals of Botany. 108(2):241-252. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcr134
- Bai C, Garner TWJ, Garner, LiY. 2010. First evidence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in China: discovery of chytridiomycosis in introduced American bullfrogs and native amphibians in the Yunnan Province, China. EcoHealth. 7(1):127-134. doi: 10.1007/s10393-010-0307-0
- Başkale E, Yildirim E,Çevik IE, Kaya U. 2013. Population size and age structure of metamorphic and pedomorphic forms of Ommatotriton ophryticus (Berthold, 1846) in the Northwestern Black Sea Region of Turkey. J Herpetol. 47(2):270-276. doi: 10.1670/11-116
- Boyle DG, Boyle DB, Olsen V, Morgan JAT, Hyatt AD. 2004. Rapid quantitative detection of chytridiomycosis Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibian samples using real-time taqman PCR assay. Dis Aquat Organ. 60(2):141-148. doi: 10.3354/dao060141
- Bülbül U, Matsui M, Kutrup B, Eto K. 2011. Taxonomic relationships among Turkish water frogs as revealed by phylo-genetic analyses using mtDNA gene sequences. Zool Sci. 28(12):930-936. doi: 10.2108/zsj.28.930
- Carver S, Bell BD, Waldman B. 2010. Does chytridiomycosis disrupt amphibian skin function? Copeia. 2010(3):487-495. doi: 10.1643/CH-09-128
- Daszak P, Berger L, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD, Green DE, Speare R. 1999. Emerging infectious diseases and amphibian population declines. Emerg Infect Dis. 5(6):735-748. doi : 10.3201/eid0506.990601
- Di Rosa I, Simoncelli F, Fagotti A, Pascolini R. 2007. Ecology: the proximate cause of frog declines? Nature. 447(7144):4-5. doi: 10.1038/nature05941
- Erismis UC, Konuk M, Yoldas T, Agyar P, Yumuk D, Korcan SE. 2014. Survey of Turkey’s endemic frogs for amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Dis Aquat Organ. 111(2):153-157. doi: 10.3354/dao02742
- Farrer RA, Weinert LA, Bielby J, Garner TW, Balloux F, Clare F, Bosch J, Cunningham AA, Weldon C, du Preez LH, Anderson L, Pond SL, Shahar-Golan R, Henk DA, Fisher MC. 2011. Multiple emergences of genetically diverse amphibian-infecting chytrids include a globalized hypervirulent recombinant lineage. P Natl Acad Scı Usa. 108(46):18732-18736. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111915108
- Fisher MC, Garner TW, Walker SF. 2009. Global emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and amphibian chytridiomycosis in space, time, and host. Annu Rev Microbiol. 63:291-310. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073435
- Franzen M, Bussmann M, Kordges T, Thiesmeier B. 2008. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der Südwest-Türkei. Bielefeld: Laurenti Verlag 329 p.
- Göçmen B, Veith M, Iğci N, Akman B, Godmann O, Wagner N. 2013. No detection of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in terrestrial Turkish salamanders (Lyciasalamandra) despite its occurrence in syntopic frogs (Pelophylax bedriagae). Salamandra. 49(1):51-55.
- Hyatt AD, Boyle DG, Olsen V, Boyle DB, Berger L, Obendorf D. 2007. Diagnostic assays and sampling protocols for the detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Dis Aquat Organ. 73(3):175-192. doi: 10.3354/dao073175
- Kriger KM, Hines HB, Hyatt AD, Boyle DG, Hero JM. 2006. Techniques for detecting chytridiomycosis in wild frogs: comparing histology with real-time taqman PCR. Dis Aquat Organ. 71(2):141-148. doi: 10.3354/dao071141
- Kriger KM, Pereoglou F, Hero JM. 2007. Latitudinal variation in the prevalence and intensity of chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in eastern Australia. Conserv Biol. 21(5):1280-1290. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00777.x
- Marantelli G, Berger L, Speare R, Keegan L 2004. Distribution of the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and keratin during tadpole development. Pacific Conservation Biology. 10(2):173-179. doi: 10.1071/PC040173
- Mazzoni R, Cunningham AA, Daszak P, Apolo A, Perdomo E, Speranza G. 2003. Emerging pathogen of wild amphibians in frogs.Rana catesbeiana farmed for international trade. Emerg Infect Dis. 9(8):995-998. doi: 10.3201/eid0908.030030
- Morehouse EA, James TY, GanleyA RD, Vilgalys R, Berger L, Murphy PJ, Longcore J E. 2003. Multilocus sequence typing suggests that the chytrid pathogen of amphibians is a recently emerged clone. Mol Ecol. 12(2):395-403. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01732.x
- Richmond JQ, Savage AE, Zamudio KR, Rosenblum EB. 2009. Toward immunogenic studies of amphibian chytridiomycosis: linking innate and acquired immunity. Bioscience 59(4):311-32. doi: 10.1525/bio.2009.59.4.9
- Ron SR. 2005. Predicting the distribution of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the new world. Biotropica. 37(2):209-221. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2005.00028.x
- Sensoy S, Demircan M, Ulupınar Y, Balta İ. 2008. Türkiye İklimi; [cited 18 Feb 2018]. Available from https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/genel/makale/13_turkiye_iklimi.pdf
- Şekercioğlu CH, Anderson S, Akçay E, Bilgin R, Emre Can Ö, Semiz G, Tavşanoğlu C, Baki Yokeş M, Soyumert A, İpekdal K, Sağlam İK, Yücel M, Dalfes HN. 2011. Turkey’s globally important biodiversity in crisis. Biol Conserv. 144(12):2752-2769. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.025 Veith M, Schmidtler F, Kosuch J, Baran I, Seitz A. 2003. Paleoclimatic changes explain Anatolian mountain frog evolution: a test for alternating vicariance and dispersal event. Mol Ecol. 12(1):185-189. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01714.x
- Weldon C, du Preez LH, Hyatt AD, Muller R, Speare R. 2004. Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. Emerg Infect Dis. 10(12):2100-2105. doi: 10.3201/eid1012.030804
- Yildiz MZ, Göcmen B. 2012. Population dynamics, reproduction, and life history traits of Taurus Frog, Rana holtzi Werner, 1898 (Anura: Ranidae) in Karagöl (Ulukışla, Niğde), Turkey. Herpetologica Romanica.6:1-40.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Nisan 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 |