Sucul Organizmalarda Demir Klorür/ Zeolit Uygulamasının Oksidatif Stres Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi İçin Gökkuşağı Alabalığında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Detoksifikan Modellemesi
Öz
Çeşitli aktiviteler sonucunda yer altı ve yer üstü sularının kirlenmesi ile yerli balık popülasyonları ve sucul ekosistemler olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Su kolonu ve sedimentte meydana gelen kirlilikte organik sentez reaksiyonlarının indirgenme maddesi olarak kullanılan demir klorür (FeCl2) sonucunda demir tuzları bazı akuatik canlılar için toksik olabilmektedir. Bu etkileri minimize etmek adına özellikle son yıllarda zeolit gibi doğal ürünlerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmamızda, gökkuşağı alabalıkları (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 28 gün boyunca FeCl2 ve/veya zeolite maruz bırakılarak oksidadif stres cevapları araştırılmıştır. Deneme süresi sonunda karaciğer ve böbreklerden alınan örneklerde oksidatif stres cevapları antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ile belirlenmiştir. Kontrol ve muamele gruplarında böbrek ve karaciğer dokuları için CAT, SOD, GPx ve MDA değerleri istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu çalışmada, enzim aktiviteleri açısından zeolit içeren gruplar daha düşük değerler vermiş ve zeolitin akuatik canlılar için koruyucu etkisi biyokimyasal parametrelerle desteklenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Adams MS. 2002. Biological indicators of aquatic ecosystem stress. American Fisheries Society; Mayland, North Carolina.
- Aebi H.1984. Catalase in vitro. In: Lester P, editor. Methods in enzymology. New York: Academic Press; 1984. 121-126 p.
- Alak G, Atamanalp M, Topal A, Arslan H, Oruç E, Altun S. 2013. Histopathological and biochemical effect of humic acid against cadmium toxicity in brown trout gills and muscle. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci. 13:315-320. doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_13
- Alak G, Sönmez AY, O Hisar. 2011. Effect of some pesticide on antioxidant enzyme activity of fish. J Agri Fac Ata Uni. 42(1):91-93.
- Almeida JA, Barreto RE, Novelli ELB, Castro FJ, Moron SE. 2009. Oxidative stress biomarkers and aggressive behavior in fish exposed to aquatic cadmium contamination. Neotrop Ichthyol. 7(1):103-108. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252009000100013
- Balasubramanian J, Kumar A. 2013. Effect of sodium arsenite on liver function related enzymes of cat fish Heteropneustes fossilis and its chelation by zeolite. Ecotox Environ Cont. 8(2):53-58. doi: 10.5132/eec.2013.02.008
- Beutler E. 1975. Red cell metabolism, a manual of biochemical methods. 2nd ed. New York: Grune and Starton, 160 p.
- Billard R, Roubaud P. 1985. The effect of metals and cyanide on fertilization in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Water Res. 19(2):209-214. doi:10.1016/0043-1354(85)90202-7
- Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of proteindye binding. Anal Biochem. 72(1-2):248-254. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
- Çınkıloğlu E. 2007. Effects of fenthion in the brain of Cyprinus carpio on antioxidant defence system, lipid peroxidation and acetylcholınesterase enzyme activities by the modulation of n-acetylcysteine. [Master thesis]. Çukurova University. 83p. [in Turkish]
- Çoğun HY, Şahin M. 2012. The effect of zeolite on reduction of lead toxicity in nil tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak. 18(1):135-140. doi:10.9775/kvfd.2011.5170
- Dayangaç A, Özkaya A, Bahşi M. Çiftçi B, Akyıldız G, Ö Yılmaz. 2011. Linalool protects some unsaturated fatty acids in the rat liver and kidney against to FeCl2-induced damage. Düzce Üni Sağ Bil Ens Derg. 1(1):12-17.
- Dogliotti G, Malavazos AE, Giacometti S, Solimene U, Fanelli M, Corsi1 MM, Dozio E. 2012. Natural zeolites chabazite/phillipsite/analcime increase blood levels of antioxidant enzymes. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 50(3):195-198. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.11-63
- Fabacher DL, Little EE. 2000. Diversity of fish, early observations and descriptions, fish in experimentation. In: Ostrander GK, editor. The handbook of experimental animals. London: Academic Press. 678 p.
- Hu H. 2000. Exposure to metals. Occup Environ Med. 27(4):983-996.
- Kaya E. 2005.The effects of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin on antıoxıdant enzyme actıvıtıes and the malondıaldehyde level ın blood and brain tıssues]. [Master thesis]. Süleyman Demirel University. 69 p. [in Turkish]
- Matkovics B, Witas H, Gabrielak T, L Szabo. 1987. Paraquat as an agent affecting antioxidant enzymes of common carp erythrocytes. Comp Biochem Phys C. 87(1):217-219. doi:10.1016/0742-8413(87)90206-4
- Nicula M, Bănăţean-Dunea I, Gergen I, Hărmănescu M, Simiz E, Pătruică S, Polen T, Marcu A, Lunca M, S Szucs. 2010. Effect of natural zeolite on reducing tissue bioaccumulation and cadmium antagonism related to some mineral micro- and macronutrients in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio). AACL Bioflux. 3(3):171-179.
- Oruç EÖ, Sevgiler Y, N Uner. 2004. Tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in fish exposed to 2,4-D and azinphosmethyl. Comp Biochem Phys C. 137:43-51.
- Peıxoto F, Alves-Fernandes D, Santos D, A Fontaínhasfernandes. 2006. Toxicological effects of oxyfluorfen on oxidative stress enzymes in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Pestic Biochem Phys. 85(2):91-96. doi:10.1016/j.pestbp.2005.10.007
- Sayeed I, Parvez S, Pandey S, Bin-Hafeez B, Haque R, S Raisuddin. 2003. Oxidative stress biomarkers of exposure to deltamethrin in freshwater fish, Channa punctatus Bloch. Ecotox Environ Safe. 56:295-301. doi:10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00009-5
- Sun Y, Oberley LW, Y Li. 1988. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem. 34(3):497-500.
- Uçar A, Ali Al-Hamdani AH, Alak G, Atamanalp M, Topal A, Fakıoğlu Ö, Arslan H, Parlak V, T Şensurat. 2012. Effects of carboxin on superoxide dismutase enzyme activite in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BİBAD Res J Biol Sci. 5(2):083-085.
- Wepener V, Vuren JHJ, Du Preez HH. 2001. Uptake and distribution of a copper, iron and zinc mixture in gill, liver and plasma of a freshwater teleost, Tilapia sparrmanii. Water SA. 27(1):99-108.
- Wu Y, Wu, Q, Zhou, Y., Ahmad, H., Wang T. 2013. Effects of clinoptilolite on growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res. 155(2):228-235. doi: 10.1007/s12011-013-9777-6
- Yılmaz M. 2010. The effects of some pestıcıdes on acetylcholınesterase, antıoxıdant enzyme actıvıtıes and the malondıaldehyde level ın tıssues of rats. [PhD thesis]. Çukurova University. 69 p. [in Turkish]
- Zhang JF, Lıub H, Sun YY, Wang XR, Wu JC, Xue YQ. 2005. Responses of the antioxidant defenses of the goldfish Carassius auratus, exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol. Environ Toxicol Phar. 19(1):185-190. doi:10.1016/j.etap.2004.07.001
Is Zeolite a Detoxificant: Modelling of Ferrous Chloride/Zeolite Application of Aquatic Organisms on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to Determine Its Effects on Oxidative Stress
Öz
Populations of native fish and aquatic ecosystems have been negatively affected by the contamination of ground and surface waters as a result of various activities. Due to the ferrous chloride (FeCl2), which is used as the reducing agent for the organic synthesis reactions in the contamination of water column and sediment, iron salts may be very toxic for some aquatic organism. In order to minimize these effects, natural products such as zeolite have been widely used recently. For this reason, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to FeCl2 and/or zeolite for 28 days and their oxidative stress responses were investigated. At the end of the treatment period, oxidative stress responses were determined with antioxidant enzyme activities in the samples taken from liver and kidneys. CAT, SOD, GPx and MDA values for kidney and liver tissues were found statistically important between control and treatment groups (p<0.05). In this study, zeolite application provided lower values in terms of enzyme activities, and the protective effect of zeolite for aquatic organism was supported by biochemical parameters.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Adams MS. 2002. Biological indicators of aquatic ecosystem stress. American Fisheries Society; Mayland, North Carolina.
- Aebi H.1984. Catalase in vitro. In: Lester P, editor. Methods in enzymology. New York: Academic Press; 1984. 121-126 p.
- Alak G, Atamanalp M, Topal A, Arslan H, Oruç E, Altun S. 2013. Histopathological and biochemical effect of humic acid against cadmium toxicity in brown trout gills and muscle. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci. 13:315-320. doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_2_13
- Alak G, Sönmez AY, O Hisar. 2011. Effect of some pesticide on antioxidant enzyme activity of fish. J Agri Fac Ata Uni. 42(1):91-93.
- Almeida JA, Barreto RE, Novelli ELB, Castro FJ, Moron SE. 2009. Oxidative stress biomarkers and aggressive behavior in fish exposed to aquatic cadmium contamination. Neotrop Ichthyol. 7(1):103-108. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252009000100013
- Balasubramanian J, Kumar A. 2013. Effect of sodium arsenite on liver function related enzymes of cat fish Heteropneustes fossilis and its chelation by zeolite. Ecotox Environ Cont. 8(2):53-58. doi: 10.5132/eec.2013.02.008
- Beutler E. 1975. Red cell metabolism, a manual of biochemical methods. 2nd ed. New York: Grune and Starton, 160 p.
- Billard R, Roubaud P. 1985. The effect of metals and cyanide on fertilization in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Water Res. 19(2):209-214. doi:10.1016/0043-1354(85)90202-7
- Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of proteindye binding. Anal Biochem. 72(1-2):248-254. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
- Çınkıloğlu E. 2007. Effects of fenthion in the brain of Cyprinus carpio on antioxidant defence system, lipid peroxidation and acetylcholınesterase enzyme activities by the modulation of n-acetylcysteine. [Master thesis]. Çukurova University. 83p. [in Turkish]
- Çoğun HY, Şahin M. 2012. The effect of zeolite on reduction of lead toxicity in nil tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak. 18(1):135-140. doi:10.9775/kvfd.2011.5170
- Dayangaç A, Özkaya A, Bahşi M. Çiftçi B, Akyıldız G, Ö Yılmaz. 2011. Linalool protects some unsaturated fatty acids in the rat liver and kidney against to FeCl2-induced damage. Düzce Üni Sağ Bil Ens Derg. 1(1):12-17.
- Dogliotti G, Malavazos AE, Giacometti S, Solimene U, Fanelli M, Corsi1 MM, Dozio E. 2012. Natural zeolites chabazite/phillipsite/analcime increase blood levels of antioxidant enzymes. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 50(3):195-198. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.11-63
- Fabacher DL, Little EE. 2000. Diversity of fish, early observations and descriptions, fish in experimentation. In: Ostrander GK, editor. The handbook of experimental animals. London: Academic Press. 678 p.
- Hu H. 2000. Exposure to metals. Occup Environ Med. 27(4):983-996.
- Kaya E. 2005.The effects of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin on antıoxıdant enzyme actıvıtıes and the malondıaldehyde level ın blood and brain tıssues]. [Master thesis]. Süleyman Demirel University. 69 p. [in Turkish]
- Matkovics B, Witas H, Gabrielak T, L Szabo. 1987. Paraquat as an agent affecting antioxidant enzymes of common carp erythrocytes. Comp Biochem Phys C. 87(1):217-219. doi:10.1016/0742-8413(87)90206-4
- Nicula M, Bănăţean-Dunea I, Gergen I, Hărmănescu M, Simiz E, Pătruică S, Polen T, Marcu A, Lunca M, S Szucs. 2010. Effect of natural zeolite on reducing tissue bioaccumulation and cadmium antagonism related to some mineral micro- and macronutrients in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio). AACL Bioflux. 3(3):171-179.
- Oruç EÖ, Sevgiler Y, N Uner. 2004. Tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in fish exposed to 2,4-D and azinphosmethyl. Comp Biochem Phys C. 137:43-51.
- Peıxoto F, Alves-Fernandes D, Santos D, A Fontaínhasfernandes. 2006. Toxicological effects of oxyfluorfen on oxidative stress enzymes in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Pestic Biochem Phys. 85(2):91-96. doi:10.1016/j.pestbp.2005.10.007
- Sayeed I, Parvez S, Pandey S, Bin-Hafeez B, Haque R, S Raisuddin. 2003. Oxidative stress biomarkers of exposure to deltamethrin in freshwater fish, Channa punctatus Bloch. Ecotox Environ Safe. 56:295-301. doi:10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00009-5
- Sun Y, Oberley LW, Y Li. 1988. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem. 34(3):497-500.
- Uçar A, Ali Al-Hamdani AH, Alak G, Atamanalp M, Topal A, Fakıoğlu Ö, Arslan H, Parlak V, T Şensurat. 2012. Effects of carboxin on superoxide dismutase enzyme activite in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BİBAD Res J Biol Sci. 5(2):083-085.
- Wepener V, Vuren JHJ, Du Preez HH. 2001. Uptake and distribution of a copper, iron and zinc mixture in gill, liver and plasma of a freshwater teleost, Tilapia sparrmanii. Water SA. 27(1):99-108.
- Wu Y, Wu, Q, Zhou, Y., Ahmad, H., Wang T. 2013. Effects of clinoptilolite on growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res. 155(2):228-235. doi: 10.1007/s12011-013-9777-6
- Yılmaz M. 2010. The effects of some pestıcıdes on acetylcholınesterase, antıoxıdant enzyme actıvıtıes and the malondıaldehyde level ın tıssues of rats. [PhD thesis]. Çukurova University. 69 p. [in Turkish]
- Zhang JF, Lıub H, Sun YY, Wang XR, Wu JC, Xue YQ. 2005. Responses of the antioxidant defenses of the goldfish Carassius auratus, exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol. Environ Toxicol Phar. 19(1):185-190. doi:10.1016/j.etap.2004.07.001
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 20 Ağustos 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 |