Research Article
Effect of Different Feed and Stocking Density on Survival and Growth Performance of Astacus leptodactylus (Esch., 1823) Juveniles
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of two
stocking densities (650 and 1300 juveniles/m2 ) and diets (live feed - Daphnia magna and
commercial trout feed) on survival rate and growth performance of Astacus
leptodactylus juveniles. Juveniles in the second developmental stage were
used in the experiment. Final survival rate and growth paremeters of juveniles
were evaluated at the end of experiment (90 days). The results of this study
indicated that diets were not found effective on survival rates, though
increasing stock densities reduced survival rates. The best final survival rate
as 21.99 %, was achieved in the group fed with live feed and kept under the 650
juveniles/m2 stocking
density, whereas the lowest survival rate values as 10.84 % was obtained in the
group fed with trout pellet and kept under the 1300 juveniles/m2 stocking density. At the
end of experiment, the highest final body weight was found in group of at 650
juveniles/m2 stocking density and fed with trout feed. The result of
our study also revealed that stocking density had a significant effect on
survival rates of crayfish juvenile fed with both feeds.
References
- AOAC 2000a. Official Method 940.25 Nitrogen (Total) in Seafood. First Action 1940, Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International 17th Edition.
- AOAC 2000b. Official methods of analysis 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington (VA), USA
- Austin C.M, Jones P.L, Stagnitti F, Mitchell B.D. 1997. Response of the yabby, Cherax destructor clark, to natural and artificial diets: phenotypic variation in juvenile growth. Aquaculture. 149(1-2):39-46. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01429-9
- Blake M, Nystrom P, Hart P. 1994. The effect of weed cover on juvenile signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) exposed to adult crayfish and non-predatory fish. Ann Zool Fenn. 31(3): 297– 306.
- Bligh, E.G, Dyer W.J. 1959. A Rapid Method of Total Lipid Extraction and Purification, Can J Biochem Phys. 37(8): 911-917. doi:10.1139/y59-099
- Bolat Y. 2001. An estimation in the population density of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Normdan 1842) living in Hoyran area of Eğirdir Lake [PhD thesis] The University of Süleyman Demirel. 116 pp.
- Celada J.D, Carral J.M, Gaudioso V.R, Temino C, Fernandez R. 1989. Response of juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) to several fresh and artificially compounded diets. Aquaculture. 76(1-2): 67-78. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(89)90252-4
- Celada J.D, Carral J.M, Gaudioso V.R, González J, Lopez-Baisson C, Fernandez R. 1993. Survival and growth of juvenile freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana fed two raw diets and two commercial formulate feeds. J World Aquacult Soc. 24(1):108-111. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1993.tb00157.x
- Erol KG, Özkök R, Küçükkara R, Çınar Ş. 2010. Potential mortality causes on juvenile stage in freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) farming. SDU-ESUFD. 6(2):23-30.
- González A, Celada JD, González V, García V, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M. 2008. Artemia nauplii and two commercial replacements as dietary supplement for juvenile signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Astacidae), from the onset of exogenous feeding under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 281(1-4):83-86. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.06.015
- González R, Celada JD, Carral JM, González A, Sáez-Royuela M, García V. 2009. Decapsulated Artemia cysts as dietary supplement for juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus, Astacidae) at different food supply frequencies from the onset of exogenous feeding under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 295(3-4):200-204. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.07.009
- González R, Celada JD, García V, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M. 2010. Stocking density for the intensive rearing of juvenile crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Astacidae), using Artemia nauplii to supplement a dry diet from the onset of exogenous feeding. Aquacult Int. 18(3):371-378. doi:10.1007/s10499-009-9250-x
- González A, Celada JD, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M, García V, González R. 2011. Additional supply of decapsulated Artemia cysts for various periods in intensive rearing of juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus, Astacidae). Knowl Manag Aquat Eco. 2011(401):15p1-15p2. doi:10.1051/kmae/2011030
- Harlıoğlu M.M. 2004. The present situtation of freshwater crayfish, A. leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) in Turkey. Aquaculture. 230(1-4):181-187. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00429-0
- Harlıoğlu M.M. 2008. The harvest of the freshwater crayfish A. leptodactylus Eschscholtz in Turkey: harvest history, impact of crayfish plague, and present distribution of harvested populations. Aquacult Int. 16 (4):351-360. doi:10.1007/s10499-007-9145-7
- Harlıoğlu MM. 2009. A comparison of the growth and survival of two freshwater crayfish species, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz and Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), under different temperature and density regimes. Aquacult Int. 17(1):31-43. doi:10.1007/s10499-008-9177-7
- Holdich D.M. 2002. Biology of freshwater crayfish. Oxford:Blackwell Science. 702 pp.
- Kozák P, Ďuriš Z, Petrusek, A, Buřič M, Horká I, Kouba A, Kozubíková-Balzarová E, Policar T. 2015. Crayfish Biology and Culture. University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Vodňany, CZE, 456 p
- Köksal G. 1985. Production of juvenile Astacus leptodactylus salinus (Nordmann, 1842) in culture conditions. EgeJFAS. 2 (7-8):61-76.
- Köksal G. 1988. Astacus leptodactylus in Europe. In: Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation (eds D.M. Holdich and R.S. Lowery), Croom Helm Press, pp. 365-400.
- Köksal G, Ölmez M, Bekcan S, Güler AS. 1992. Rearing of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch. 1823) juveniles for restoration of natural waters. Istanbul Univ J Aqua Product. 1:1-16.
- Lovell RT. 1981. Laboratory manuel for fish feed analysis and fish nutrition studies. Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures International Center for Aquaculture. Auburn University. 65p.
- Mazlum Y. 2007. Stocking density affects the growth, survival, and cheliped ınjures of third ınstars of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz,1823 juveniles. Crustaceana. 80(7):803-815.
- Naranjo-Paramo J, Hernandez-Liamas A, Villareal H. 2004. Effect of stocking density on growth, survival and yield of juvenile redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) in gravel-line commercial nursery ponds. Aquaculture. 242(1-4):197-206. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.017
- Oliveira J, Fabiao A. 1998. Growth responses of juvenile red swamp crayfish, P. clarkii Girard, to several diets under controlled conditions. Aquac Res. 29(2):123-129. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.1998.00936.x
- Sáez-Royuela M, Carral JM, Celada JD, Muñoz C. 1995. Effects of management on survival and growth of stage 2 juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture. 133(2):123-133. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(95)00004-L
- Sáez-Royuela M, Carral JM, Celada JD, Pérez JR. 2001. Effects of shelter type and food supply frequency on survival and growth of stage-2 juvenile white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes Lereboullet) under laboratory conditions. Aquacult Int. 9(6): 489-497. doi:10.1023/A:1020509627870
- Sáez-Royuela M.S, Carral J.M, Celada J.D, Perez J.R, González A. 2007. Live feed as supplement from the onset of external feeding of juvenile signal crayfish (P. leniusculus Dana. Astacidae) under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 269(1):321-327. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.04.053
- Savolainen R, Ruohonen K, Tulonen J. 2003. Effects of bottom substrate and presence of shelter in experimental tanks on growth and survival of signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) juveniles. Aquac Res. 34(4):289-297. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00817.x
- Savolainen R, Ruohonen K, Railo E. 2004. Effect of stocking density on growth, survival and cheliped injuries of stage 2 juvenile signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana. Aquaculture. 231(1-4):237-248. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.045
- Svoboda J, Kozubíková E, Kozák P, Kouba A, Bahadir Koca S, Diler Ö, Diler I, Policar T, Petrusek A. 2012. PCR detection of the crayfish plague pathogen in narrow-clawed crayfish inhabiting Lake Eğirdir in Turkey. Dis Aquat Organ. 98 (3): 255-259. doi:10.3354/dao02445
- Svoboda J, Strand D.A, Vralstad T, Grandjean F, Edsman L, Kozák P, Kouba A, Fristad R.F, Koca S.B, Petrusek A. 2014. The crayfish plague pathogen can infect freshwater-inhabiting crabs. Freshwater Biol. 59: 918–929. doi:10.1111/fwb.12315
- Taugbol T, and Skurdal J. 1992. Growth mortality and moulting rate of noble crayfish, Astacus astacus L., Juveniles in aquaculture experiments. Aquac Res. 23(4):411-420. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00785.x
- Ulikowski D, Krzywosz T. 2004. The impact of photoperiod and stocking density on the growth and survival of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch.) larvae, Arch Pol Fish. 12(1):81-86.
- Ulikowski D, Krzywosz T, Smietana P. 2006. A comparison of survival and growth in juvenile A. leptodactylus (Esch.) and P. leniusculus (Dana) under controlled conditions. B Fr Peche Piscic. 2006 (380-381):1245-1253. doi:10.1051/kmae:2006023
- Verhoef GD, Jones PL, Austin CM. 1998. A comparison of natural and artificial diets for juveniles of the Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor. J World Aquac Soc. 29(2):243-248. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1998.tb00983.x
- Verhoef GD, Austin CM. 1999. Combined effects of temperature and density on the growth and survival of juveniles of the Australian freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor Clark, Part 1. Aquaculture. 170(1):37-47. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00394-9
- Zaikov A, Hubenova-Siderova T, Karanikolov Y. 2000. Growth and survival of juvenile crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch., fed different diets under laboratory conditions. Bulg J Agric Sci. 6(3):349-354.
Farklı Yem ve Stok Yoğunluğunun Astacus leptodactylus (Esch., 1823) Juvenillerinin Hayatta Kalma ve Büyüme Performansı Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, iki farklı yem
(canlı yem-Daphnia magna ve ticari
alabalık yemi) ve stok yoğunluğunun (650 ve 1300 juvenil/m2) Astacus leptodactylus yavrularının
hayatta kalma ve büyüme performansı üzerine kombine etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Denemede II. dönem yavrular kullanılmıştır. Deneme sonunda, yavruların hayatta
kalma ve büyüme parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları,
diyetlerin hayatta kalma oranları üzerinde etkili olmadığını, ancak artan stok
yoğunluğunun yaşama oranlarını azalttığını göstermiştir. En iyi yaşama oranı %
21,99 olarak 650 juvenil/m2 stok yoğunluğunda canlı yemle beslenen
grupta sağlanırken, en düşük yaşama oranı ise % 10,84 olarak 1300 juvenil/m2
stok yoğunluğunda alabalık yemi ile beslenen grupta elde edilmiştir. Denememe
sonunda en yüksek vücut ağırlığı, 650 juvenil/m2 stok yoğunluğunda
alabalık yemi ile beslenen grupta bulunmuştur. Çalışmamız sonucunda ayrıca, yavru kerevit
beslenmesinde her iki yem ile beslenen yavrularda hayatta kalma oranları
üzerinde stok yoğunluğunun önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
References
- AOAC 2000a. Official Method 940.25 Nitrogen (Total) in Seafood. First Action 1940, Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International 17th Edition.
- AOAC 2000b. Official methods of analysis 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington (VA), USA
- Austin C.M, Jones P.L, Stagnitti F, Mitchell B.D. 1997. Response of the yabby, Cherax destructor clark, to natural and artificial diets: phenotypic variation in juvenile growth. Aquaculture. 149(1-2):39-46. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01429-9
- Blake M, Nystrom P, Hart P. 1994. The effect of weed cover on juvenile signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) exposed to adult crayfish and non-predatory fish. Ann Zool Fenn. 31(3): 297– 306.
- Bligh, E.G, Dyer W.J. 1959. A Rapid Method of Total Lipid Extraction and Purification, Can J Biochem Phys. 37(8): 911-917. doi:10.1139/y59-099
- Bolat Y. 2001. An estimation in the population density of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Normdan 1842) living in Hoyran area of Eğirdir Lake [PhD thesis] The University of Süleyman Demirel. 116 pp.
- Celada J.D, Carral J.M, Gaudioso V.R, Temino C, Fernandez R. 1989. Response of juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) to several fresh and artificially compounded diets. Aquaculture. 76(1-2): 67-78. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(89)90252-4
- Celada J.D, Carral J.M, Gaudioso V.R, González J, Lopez-Baisson C, Fernandez R. 1993. Survival and growth of juvenile freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana fed two raw diets and two commercial formulate feeds. J World Aquacult Soc. 24(1):108-111. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1993.tb00157.x
- Erol KG, Özkök R, Küçükkara R, Çınar Ş. 2010. Potential mortality causes on juvenile stage in freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) farming. SDU-ESUFD. 6(2):23-30.
- González A, Celada JD, González V, García V, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M. 2008. Artemia nauplii and two commercial replacements as dietary supplement for juvenile signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Astacidae), from the onset of exogenous feeding under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 281(1-4):83-86. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.06.015
- González R, Celada JD, Carral JM, González A, Sáez-Royuela M, García V. 2009. Decapsulated Artemia cysts as dietary supplement for juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus, Astacidae) at different food supply frequencies from the onset of exogenous feeding under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 295(3-4):200-204. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.07.009
- González R, Celada JD, García V, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M. 2010. Stocking density for the intensive rearing of juvenile crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Astacidae), using Artemia nauplii to supplement a dry diet from the onset of exogenous feeding. Aquacult Int. 18(3):371-378. doi:10.1007/s10499-009-9250-x
- González A, Celada JD, Carral JM, Sáez-Royuela M, García V, González R. 2011. Additional supply of decapsulated Artemia cysts for various periods in intensive rearing of juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus, Astacidae). Knowl Manag Aquat Eco. 2011(401):15p1-15p2. doi:10.1051/kmae/2011030
- Harlıoğlu M.M. 2004. The present situtation of freshwater crayfish, A. leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) in Turkey. Aquaculture. 230(1-4):181-187. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00429-0
- Harlıoğlu M.M. 2008. The harvest of the freshwater crayfish A. leptodactylus Eschscholtz in Turkey: harvest history, impact of crayfish plague, and present distribution of harvested populations. Aquacult Int. 16 (4):351-360. doi:10.1007/s10499-007-9145-7
- Harlıoğlu MM. 2009. A comparison of the growth and survival of two freshwater crayfish species, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz and Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), under different temperature and density regimes. Aquacult Int. 17(1):31-43. doi:10.1007/s10499-008-9177-7
- Holdich D.M. 2002. Biology of freshwater crayfish. Oxford:Blackwell Science. 702 pp.
- Kozák P, Ďuriš Z, Petrusek, A, Buřič M, Horká I, Kouba A, Kozubíková-Balzarová E, Policar T. 2015. Crayfish Biology and Culture. University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Vodňany, CZE, 456 p
- Köksal G. 1985. Production of juvenile Astacus leptodactylus salinus (Nordmann, 1842) in culture conditions. EgeJFAS. 2 (7-8):61-76.
- Köksal G. 1988. Astacus leptodactylus in Europe. In: Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation (eds D.M. Holdich and R.S. Lowery), Croom Helm Press, pp. 365-400.
- Köksal G, Ölmez M, Bekcan S, Güler AS. 1992. Rearing of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch. 1823) juveniles for restoration of natural waters. Istanbul Univ J Aqua Product. 1:1-16.
- Lovell RT. 1981. Laboratory manuel for fish feed analysis and fish nutrition studies. Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures International Center for Aquaculture. Auburn University. 65p.
- Mazlum Y. 2007. Stocking density affects the growth, survival, and cheliped ınjures of third ınstars of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz,1823 juveniles. Crustaceana. 80(7):803-815.
- Naranjo-Paramo J, Hernandez-Liamas A, Villareal H. 2004. Effect of stocking density on growth, survival and yield of juvenile redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) in gravel-line commercial nursery ponds. Aquaculture. 242(1-4):197-206. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.017
- Oliveira J, Fabiao A. 1998. Growth responses of juvenile red swamp crayfish, P. clarkii Girard, to several diets under controlled conditions. Aquac Res. 29(2):123-129. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.1998.00936.x
- Sáez-Royuela M, Carral JM, Celada JD, Muñoz C. 1995. Effects of management on survival and growth of stage 2 juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana) under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture. 133(2):123-133. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(95)00004-L
- Sáez-Royuela M, Carral JM, Celada JD, Pérez JR. 2001. Effects of shelter type and food supply frequency on survival and growth of stage-2 juvenile white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes Lereboullet) under laboratory conditions. Aquacult Int. 9(6): 489-497. doi:10.1023/A:1020509627870
- Sáez-Royuela M.S, Carral J.M, Celada J.D, Perez J.R, González A. 2007. Live feed as supplement from the onset of external feeding of juvenile signal crayfish (P. leniusculus Dana. Astacidae) under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 269(1):321-327. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.04.053
- Savolainen R, Ruohonen K, Tulonen J. 2003. Effects of bottom substrate and presence of shelter in experimental tanks on growth and survival of signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) juveniles. Aquac Res. 34(4):289-297. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00817.x
- Savolainen R, Ruohonen K, Railo E. 2004. Effect of stocking density on growth, survival and cheliped injuries of stage 2 juvenile signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana. Aquaculture. 231(1-4):237-248. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.045
- Svoboda J, Kozubíková E, Kozák P, Kouba A, Bahadir Koca S, Diler Ö, Diler I, Policar T, Petrusek A. 2012. PCR detection of the crayfish plague pathogen in narrow-clawed crayfish inhabiting Lake Eğirdir in Turkey. Dis Aquat Organ. 98 (3): 255-259. doi:10.3354/dao02445
- Svoboda J, Strand D.A, Vralstad T, Grandjean F, Edsman L, Kozák P, Kouba A, Fristad R.F, Koca S.B, Petrusek A. 2014. The crayfish plague pathogen can infect freshwater-inhabiting crabs. Freshwater Biol. 59: 918–929. doi:10.1111/fwb.12315
- Taugbol T, and Skurdal J. 1992. Growth mortality and moulting rate of noble crayfish, Astacus astacus L., Juveniles in aquaculture experiments. Aquac Res. 23(4):411-420. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00785.x
- Ulikowski D, Krzywosz T. 2004. The impact of photoperiod and stocking density on the growth and survival of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch.) larvae, Arch Pol Fish. 12(1):81-86.
- Ulikowski D, Krzywosz T, Smietana P. 2006. A comparison of survival and growth in juvenile A. leptodactylus (Esch.) and P. leniusculus (Dana) under controlled conditions. B Fr Peche Piscic. 2006 (380-381):1245-1253. doi:10.1051/kmae:2006023
- Verhoef GD, Jones PL, Austin CM. 1998. A comparison of natural and artificial diets for juveniles of the Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor. J World Aquac Soc. 29(2):243-248. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1998.tb00983.x
- Verhoef GD, Austin CM. 1999. Combined effects of temperature and density on the growth and survival of juveniles of the Australian freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor Clark, Part 1. Aquaculture. 170(1):37-47. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00394-9
- Zaikov A, Hubenova-Siderova T, Karanikolov Y. 2000. Growth and survival of juvenile crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch., fed different diets under laboratory conditions. Bulg J Agric Sci. 6(3):349-354.
There are 38 citations in total.
Details
| Journal Section | Research Article |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 29, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017Volume: 3 Issue: 3 |