Research Article
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Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 24.04.2017

Tamuka Nhıwatıwa

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.288101

Abstract

References

  • Bronmark C, Hansson L. 1998. The biology of lakes and ponds. Oxford University Press. New York.
  • Brönmark C, Hansson L. 2002. Environmental issues in lakes and ponds: current state and perspectives. Environ. Conserv. 29 (3): 290-307. doi: 10.1017/S0376892902000218
  • Canter-Lund H and Lund JWG. 1995. Freshwater Algae. Biopress Limited, England.
  • Christopher DK Cook (2004). Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southern Africa Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  • Dalu T, Clegg B, Nhiwatiwa T. 2013. Temporal variation of the plankton communities in a small tropical reservoir (Malilangwe, Zimbabwe). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 68 (2): 85–96. doi: 10.1080/0035919X.2013.766280
  • Elenbaas PFM. 1994. Field and lab work on ecology in Zimbabwe. Nugi 825. University of Amsterdam.
  • Elenbaas PFM, Grundel C. 1994. Zooplankton composition and abundance in two impoundments in Zimbabwe. Hydrobiologia 272 (1): 265-275. doi:10.1007/BF00006527
  • Elizabeth K, Getachew T, Taylor WD, Zinabu GM. 1992. Eutrophication of Lake Hayq in the Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Plankton Research 14(10): 1473 – 1482. doi:10.1093/plankt/14.10.1473
  • Ersal E. 1994. Inventory of small water bodies in the SADC region. ALCOM News 15: 12-16.
  • Farber L, Gilcreas FW, Edwards, GP, Taras, MJ. 1960. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater including bottom sediments and sludges. Eleventh edition. American Public Health Association, Inc., New York.
  • Fernando CH. 2002. A guide to Tropical Freshwater Zooplankton. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. The Netherlands.
  • Gerber A, Cilliers CJ, van Ginkel C, Glen R. 2004. Easy identification of Aquatic Plants. Department of Water Affairs, South Africa.
  • Green J. 1990. Zooplankton associations in Zimbabwe. J Zool. 222(2): 259–283. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1990.tb05676.x
  • Greenberg RR. 1980. Simultaneous determination of mercury and cadmium in biological materials by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. Analytical chemistry 52(4): 676-679. doi: 10.1021/ac50054a020
  • Johnson N, Revenga C, Echeverria J. 2001. Managing water for people and nature. Science 92:(5519) 1071-1072. doi:10.1126/science.1058821
  • Jorge J, Contreras SSS, Merino-Ibarra SM, Nandini S. 2009. Seasonal changes in the rotifer (Rotifera) diversity from a tropical high altitude reservoir (Valle de Bravo, Mexico). J Envıron Bıol. 30(2): 191-195.
  • Marshall B. 2011. The Fishes of Zimbabwe. Smithiana Monograph 3. The South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, 190-191pp.
  • Mosello DR. 1984. Hydrochemistry of high altitude alpine lakes. Aquat Sci. 46(1): 86-99. doi:10.1007/BF02538100
  • Mühlhauser HA, Hrepic N, Mladinic P, Montecino V, Cabrera S. 1995. Water quality and limnological features of a high altitude Andean lake, Chungani, in northern Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 68: 341-349.
  • Mwaura F, Mavuti KM, Wamicha WN. 2002. Biodiversity characteristics of small high-altitude tropical man-made reservoirs in the Eastern Rift Valley, Kenya. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 7(1): 1-12. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1770.2002.00162.x
  • Ndebele MR. 2009. Primary production and other limnological aspects of Cleveland Dam, Harare, Zimbabwe. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 14 (2): 151–161. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1770.2009.00395.x
  • Nduku WK, Robarts RD. 1977. The effect of catchment geochemistry and geomorphology on the productivity of a tropical African montane lake (Little Connemara dam No. 3, Rhodesia). Freshwater Biol. 7 (1):19-30. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1977.tb01653.x
  • Nhiwatiwa T, Marshall BE. 2006. Seasonal and diurnal stratification in two small Zimbabwean reservoirs. Afr J Aquat Sci. 31 (2): 185-196. doi:10.2989/16085910609503890
  • Nhiwatiwa T, Marshall BE. 2007. Water quality and plankton dynamics in two small reservoirs. Afr J Aquat Sci. 32 (2): 139–151. doi:10.2989/AJAS.2007.32.2.5.202
  • Prescott GW. 1970. How to know the freshwater algae, 2nd edition. Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
  • Rey J, Saint-Jean L. 1980. Branchiopodes. In: Flore et faune aquatiques de l’Afrique Sahelo-Soudanienne. Durand, J.R. and Leveque, C. (Eds), O.R.S.T.O.M, Paris, IDT 44, pp 307-332.
  • Sainty GR, Jacobs, SWL. 1988. Waterplants in Australia. Merritt Madden Printing, Sydney, Australia.416 pp.
  • Santos-Wisniewski MJ, Rocha O, Güntzel AM, Matsumura-Tundisi T. 2002. Cladocera and Chydroridae of high-altitude water bodies (Serra da Mantiquiera), in Brazil. Braz J Biol. vol. 62 no.4a São Carlos. doi:10.1590/S1519-69842002000400016
  • Seaman ET, Kok DJ, Watson M. 1999. Cladocera. In: Day J.A., Stewart B.A., de Moor I.J. and Louw A.E. (Eds.), Guides to the freshwater invertebrates of Southern Africa: Crustacea. South African Water Research Commission, Pretoria.
  • Tartari GA, Tartari G, Mosello R. 1998. Water chemistry of high altitude lakes in the Khumbu and Imja Kola valleys (Nepalese Himalayas). Limnology of high altitude lakes in the Mt Everest Region (Nepal). Mem. Ist. ital. Idrobiol. 57: 51-76.
  • Thornton JA, Cotterill NG. 1978. Some hydrobiological observations on five tropical African montane impoundments. Transactions of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 59: 22-29.
  • Wetzel RG. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, (Third Edition). Academic Press

Limnochemistry and Biological Characteristics of Small High Altitude Reservoirs in a Sub-Tropical Region, Nyanga, Zimbabwe

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 24.04.2017

Tamuka Nhıwatıwa

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.288101

Abstract

The ecological characteristics of ten small reservoirs in the
high-altitude Eastern Highlands region of Zimbabwe, were studied. Water quality
and sediment quality for a range of parameters and also the phytoplankton,
zooplankton, macrophyte communities were described. The water quality of the
reservoirs was in near pristine condition and their trophic status was
oligotrophic and ultra-oligotrophic. In contrast, the sediments especially of
the Connemara reservoirs had unusually high levels of phosphorus. Given the
high levels of dissolved oxygen in the reservoirs, most phosphorus is likely to
be bound to the sediment but its present source was not immediately clear.
Phytoplankton densities were very low indicative of low productivity. The major
phytoplankton taxa identified included Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Chrysophyta,
Bacillariophyceae, Pyrrophyta and Chlorophyta. The least abundant taxa were the
Euglenophyta while the most abundant was the Chlorophyta. Zooplankton taxa
comprised of Daphniidae, Chydoridae, Bosminidae, Sididae, Macrothricidae,
Cyclopoida and Calanoida. The daphniids were the most abundant species, while
the rotifers were not identified further in this study. Several macrophyte species
were identified but the reservoirs showed low similarity in macrophytes
composition. There were no clear environmental gradients to explain the
patterns. The results of this study provide an important baseline from which
future studies especially on the impact of climate change and landuse can be
assessed.

Keywords

Small Dams Montane Limnology Phytoplankton Zooplankton

References

  • Bronmark C, Hansson L. 1998. The biology of lakes and ponds. Oxford University Press. New York.
  • Brönmark C, Hansson L. 2002. Environmental issues in lakes and ponds: current state and perspectives. Environ. Conserv. 29 (3): 290-307. doi: 10.1017/S0376892902000218
  • Canter-Lund H and Lund JWG. 1995. Freshwater Algae. Biopress Limited, England.
  • Christopher DK Cook (2004). Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southern Africa Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  • Dalu T, Clegg B, Nhiwatiwa T. 2013. Temporal variation of the plankton communities in a small tropical reservoir (Malilangwe, Zimbabwe). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 68 (2): 85–96. doi: 10.1080/0035919X.2013.766280
  • Elenbaas PFM. 1994. Field and lab work on ecology in Zimbabwe. Nugi 825. University of Amsterdam.
  • Elenbaas PFM, Grundel C. 1994. Zooplankton composition and abundance in two impoundments in Zimbabwe. Hydrobiologia 272 (1): 265-275. doi:10.1007/BF00006527
  • Elizabeth K, Getachew T, Taylor WD, Zinabu GM. 1992. Eutrophication of Lake Hayq in the Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Plankton Research 14(10): 1473 – 1482. doi:10.1093/plankt/14.10.1473
  • Ersal E. 1994. Inventory of small water bodies in the SADC region. ALCOM News 15: 12-16.
  • Farber L, Gilcreas FW, Edwards, GP, Taras, MJ. 1960. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater including bottom sediments and sludges. Eleventh edition. American Public Health Association, Inc., New York.
  • Fernando CH. 2002. A guide to Tropical Freshwater Zooplankton. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. The Netherlands.
  • Gerber A, Cilliers CJ, van Ginkel C, Glen R. 2004. Easy identification of Aquatic Plants. Department of Water Affairs, South Africa.
  • Green J. 1990. Zooplankton associations in Zimbabwe. J Zool. 222(2): 259–283. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1990.tb05676.x
  • Greenberg RR. 1980. Simultaneous determination of mercury and cadmium in biological materials by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. Analytical chemistry 52(4): 676-679. doi: 10.1021/ac50054a020
  • Johnson N, Revenga C, Echeverria J. 2001. Managing water for people and nature. Science 92:(5519) 1071-1072. doi:10.1126/science.1058821
  • Jorge J, Contreras SSS, Merino-Ibarra SM, Nandini S. 2009. Seasonal changes in the rotifer (Rotifera) diversity from a tropical high altitude reservoir (Valle de Bravo, Mexico). J Envıron Bıol. 30(2): 191-195.
  • Marshall B. 2011. The Fishes of Zimbabwe. Smithiana Monograph 3. The South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, 190-191pp.
  • Mosello DR. 1984. Hydrochemistry of high altitude alpine lakes. Aquat Sci. 46(1): 86-99. doi:10.1007/BF02538100
  • Mühlhauser HA, Hrepic N, Mladinic P, Montecino V, Cabrera S. 1995. Water quality and limnological features of a high altitude Andean lake, Chungani, in northern Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 68: 341-349.
  • Mwaura F, Mavuti KM, Wamicha WN. 2002. Biodiversity characteristics of small high-altitude tropical man-made reservoirs in the Eastern Rift Valley, Kenya. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 7(1): 1-12. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1770.2002.00162.x
  • Ndebele MR. 2009. Primary production and other limnological aspects of Cleveland Dam, Harare, Zimbabwe. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 14 (2): 151–161. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1770.2009.00395.x
  • Nduku WK, Robarts RD. 1977. The effect of catchment geochemistry and geomorphology on the productivity of a tropical African montane lake (Little Connemara dam No. 3, Rhodesia). Freshwater Biol. 7 (1):19-30. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1977.tb01653.x
  • Nhiwatiwa T, Marshall BE. 2006. Seasonal and diurnal stratification in two small Zimbabwean reservoirs. Afr J Aquat Sci. 31 (2): 185-196. doi:10.2989/16085910609503890
  • Nhiwatiwa T, Marshall BE. 2007. Water quality and plankton dynamics in two small reservoirs. Afr J Aquat Sci. 32 (2): 139–151. doi:10.2989/AJAS.2007.32.2.5.202
  • Prescott GW. 1970. How to know the freshwater algae, 2nd edition. Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
  • Rey J, Saint-Jean L. 1980. Branchiopodes. In: Flore et faune aquatiques de l’Afrique Sahelo-Soudanienne. Durand, J.R. and Leveque, C. (Eds), O.R.S.T.O.M, Paris, IDT 44, pp 307-332.
  • Sainty GR, Jacobs, SWL. 1988. Waterplants in Australia. Merritt Madden Printing, Sydney, Australia.416 pp.
  • Santos-Wisniewski MJ, Rocha O, Güntzel AM, Matsumura-Tundisi T. 2002. Cladocera and Chydroridae of high-altitude water bodies (Serra da Mantiquiera), in Brazil. Braz J Biol. vol. 62 no.4a São Carlos. doi:10.1590/S1519-69842002000400016
  • Seaman ET, Kok DJ, Watson M. 1999. Cladocera. In: Day J.A., Stewart B.A., de Moor I.J. and Louw A.E. (Eds.), Guides to the freshwater invertebrates of Southern Africa: Crustacea. South African Water Research Commission, Pretoria.
  • Tartari GA, Tartari G, Mosello R. 1998. Water chemistry of high altitude lakes in the Khumbu and Imja Kola valleys (Nepalese Himalayas). Limnology of high altitude lakes in the Mt Everest Region (Nepal). Mem. Ist. ital. Idrobiol. 57: 51-76.
  • Thornton JA, Cotterill NG. 1978. Some hydrobiological observations on five tropical African montane impoundments. Transactions of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 59: 22-29.
  • Wetzel RG. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, (Third Edition). Academic Press
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tamuka Nhıwatıwa

Publication Date April 24, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nhıwatıwa, T. (2017). Limnochemistry and Biological Characteristics of Small High Altitude Reservoirs in a Sub-Tropical Region, Nyanga, Zimbabwe. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 3(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.288101