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Research Article
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Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 73 - 80, 25.08.2024

Firas Alali , Marwa Jawad , Sarah Mohammed Alsheıkh

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.1377687

Abstract

Project Number

UOK.VET. MI.2022.064.

References

  • Abdullah SM.2009. Additional records of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) from some cyprinid fishes from Darbandikhan Lake, Iraq. Jordan J Biol Sci. 2(4):145-150.
  • Abdullah YS.2021. Gyrodactylus angorae (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae): First Occurrence on the Body of Two Nemachilid Fishes from Iraq. Zanco J Pure and Appli Sci. 33(5):51-56.
  • Abu-Elala NM, Attia MM, Abd-Elsalam RM, Gamal A, Younis NA.2021. Peracetic acid treatment of chthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora: Ichthyophthiriidae) and Trichodina spp. reduces the infection by Aeromonas hydrophila and improves survival in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture. 538:736591. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736591
  • Abulheni A, M Abbas L.2015. First record of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Euphrates River at Al-Hindia barrage–middle of Iraq. J kerbala univer. 11(3):18-21.
  • Al-Faisal AJ, Mutlak FM.2014. First record of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Shatt al-Arab River, southern Iraq. Mesopotamian J Marine Sci.29(1):45-50.
  • Al-Sa’adi BA, Mhaisen FT, Al-Rubaie AR.2013. The first record of two monogeneans: Dactylogyrus dogieli Gussev, 1953 and Octomacrum europaeum Roman & Bykhovskii, 1956 from fishes of Iraq. Basrah J Agricul Sci.26:1-7.
  • AL-Zaidy KJ.2013. First record of Tilapia zilli (GEWAIS, 1848) in AL-Delmj marsh weast AL-Diwania city middle of Iraq. Diyala Agricul Sci J. 30;5(1):9-16.
  • Blazhekovikj-Dimovska D, Stojanovski S.2021. Protozoan distribution in farmed cyprinid fish from MACEDONIA. Food and Environ Saf J.20(1).
  • Dos Santos QM, Maina JN, Avenant-Oldewage A. 2019. Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp.(Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) parasitising the gills of Alcolapia grahami (Perciformes, Cichlidae), a fish inhabiting the extreme environment of Lake Magadi, Kenya. Parasite.26. doi:10.1051/parasite/2019077
  • García-Vásquez A, Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Guzmán-Valdivieso I, Calixto-Rojas M, Rubio-Godoy M.2021. Morpho-molecular characterization of Gyrodactylus parasites of farmed tilapia and their spillover to native fishes in Mexico. Scientific Rep.11(1):1-7. doi:/10.1038/s41598-021-93472-6
  • Hussein HT.2018. Percentage and Intensity in Parasite That Attack Common Carp Fish Cyprinus carpio from Alforat River Breeding Fish Cages Al-Mussayab/Iraq. J Univer babylon Pure and Appli Sci.26(7):85-91.
  • Iriansyah AH, Budihardjo A, Sugiyarto S.2020. Parasites prevalence which infecting freshwater fishes in Mulur Reservoir of Sukoharjo District, Indonesia. Internat J Bonorowo Wetlands.10(2): 92-97. doi: 10.13057/bonorowo/w100203
  • Jain S.2017. Current status of ichthyofaunal diversity of various water sources of western Uttar Pradesh, India. Inter J Fisheries and Aqua Studi.5(2):473-478.
  • Jawad M, Mohammed Ridha Z, Alali F, El-ashram S, Alhesnawi ASM.2022. Distribution and Identification of the Parasitic Nematode Contracaecum spp. in Planiliza Abu (Heckel, 1843: Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) From Razzaza Lake, Karbala Province, Iraq. Bozok Vet Sci. 3(2): 40-46.
  • Khalifa KA, Al-Khayat KM, Al-Rijab FH.1983. Ichthyophthiriasis in farmed fishes in Iraq. J Wildlife Dis.19(2):145. doi:10.7589/0090-3558-19.2.145
  • Khalifa SZ, Jassem RS, Hussein AT.2018. The first appearance of the Blue tilapia is Oreochromis aureus (S, 1864) in diyala river/Buhriz. Mesopotamia Environ J, Special Issue E: 179-184.
  • Korkut N, Koyun M.2022. Crustacean and Protozoan parasites of some Cyprinid fish living in the Murat River (Bingöl-Türkiye), with new host records. Aqua Res.5(2):154-164.
  • Koyuncu CE.2022. lchthyophthirius Multifiliis (Fouget, 1878) Infection in Koi (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) Culture. Advan Underwater Sci. 2(2):37-39.
  • Li WJ, Lyu XM, Nie P, Liu Y.2022. Morphological, histopathological and molecular characterization of parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infecting an indigenous and endangered fish, Schizothorax macropogon (Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae) in high plateau, Tibet, China. Aquacul Rep. 25:101192. doi: 10.1016/j.agrep.2022.101192
  • Mansoor NT, Al-Shaikh SM.2010. Protozoans infection of Cyprinus carpio L. from Bab Al-Muatham fish markets, Baghdad city. Iraqi J Vet Med.34(1).
  • Margolis L, Esch GW, Holmes JC, Kuris AM, Shad GA. 1982. The use of ecological terms in parasitology (Report of an Ad Hoc Committee of the American Society of Parasitologists). J Parasitol. 68 (1): 131-133. doi: 10.2307/328133
  • Obaid HM, Hussein NF, Obed TM, Boundenga L.2021. Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) parasites diversity and prevalence in Erbil aquacultures: gills, skin and intestinal infections. Iranian J Vet Sci and Technol. 13(1):34-41. doi:10.22067/IJVST.2021.64304.0
  • ÖZTÜRK T, GÜVEN A.2022. Trichodinid ectoparasites (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) from gills of some marine fishes of Sinop Coasts of the Black Sea, with the first report of Trichodina rectuncinata. Aqua Res. 5:295-306.
  • Shigoley MI, Rahmouni I, Louizi H, Pariselle A, Vanhove MP.2023. First Study on Gyrodactylus (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) in Morocco, with Description of a New Species from Luciobarbus pallaryi and Luciobarbus ksibi (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). Animals.13(10):1624. doi:/10.3390/ani13101624
  • Shinn AP, Avenant‐Oldewage A, Bondad‐Reantaso MG, Cruz‐Laufer AJ, García‐Vásquez A et al.2023. A global review of problematic and pathogenic parasites of farmed tilapia. Rev Aquacul.15:92-153. doi:10.1111/raq.12742
  • Wang Z, Bourland WA, Zhou T, Yang H, Zhang C et al.2020. Morphological and molecular characterization of two Trichodina (Ciliophora, Peritrichia) species from freshwater fishes in China. European J Protistol.72:125647. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2019.125647
  • Wang Z, Zhou T, Yang H, Gu Z.2019. First diagnosis of ectoparasitic ciliates (Trichodina and Chilodonella) on farmed juvenile yellow catfish, Tachysurus fulvidraco in China. Aquacul Res.50(11):3275-3285. doi:10.1111/are.14285
  • Yang H, Tu X, Xiao J, Hu J, Gu Z.2023. Investigations on white spot disease reveal high genetic diversity of the fish parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Fouquet, 1876) in China. Aquaculture.562:738804. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738804

PREVALENCE OF ECTOPARASITES OF FRY TILAPIA (COPTODON ZILLII) FISHES FROM EUPHRATES RIVER, IRAQ

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 73 - 80, 25.08.2024

Firas Alali , Marwa Jawad , Sarah Mohammed Alsheıkh

https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.1377687

Abstract

Ectoparasitic infection represents one of the main challenges to freshwater and marine fish in all areas of the world. This study detected ectoparasite types in Fry Redbelly Tilapia Fishes. The specimens (250) were purchased from a market with a source of fish from the Euphrates River. Fishes were collected from December 2022 until the end of April 2023. The samples were used for macroscopic inspection, gross viscera, and microscopic exam - wet mount of fins, skin, gills and eyes. Ectoparasite species were obtained on fins, skin, and gills, and the eyes had no infection. The total prevalence was 140 (56%) of 250 fish. Significant fish types with weight and length are at (P ≤ 0.05) and (P ≤0.01), respectively. The mean and standard deviation according to weight were 71.4 and 14.7, while according to length, they were 15.6 and 1.9. Non-significant for genders in both types at (P ≥ 0.05). The host Coptodon zillii is infested by four types of ectoparasites were included, with prevalence for each one being Ichthyophthirius sp., 80/250 (32%); Trichodina sp., 30/140 (12%); Dactylogyrus sp., 20/250 (8%); Gyrodactylus sp.10/250 (4%). In conclusion, all parasites, namely single-host types. Management measures should be taken to save the procurement and import from reputable global markets.

Keywords

Ectoparasites fish Euphrates river Iraq

Ethical Statement

Ethics required are approved by the Ethical Committee of college of veterinary medicine/ university of Kerbala

Supporting Institution

There is no any funding support.

Project Number

UOK.VET. MI.2022.064.

Thanks

I would like to thank all authors in this field.

References

  • Abdullah SM.2009. Additional records of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) from some cyprinid fishes from Darbandikhan Lake, Iraq. Jordan J Biol Sci. 2(4):145-150.
  • Abdullah YS.2021. Gyrodactylus angorae (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae): First Occurrence on the Body of Two Nemachilid Fishes from Iraq. Zanco J Pure and Appli Sci. 33(5):51-56.
  • Abu-Elala NM, Attia MM, Abd-Elsalam RM, Gamal A, Younis NA.2021. Peracetic acid treatment of chthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora: Ichthyophthiriidae) and Trichodina spp. reduces the infection by Aeromonas hydrophila and improves survival in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture. 538:736591. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736591
  • Abulheni A, M Abbas L.2015. First record of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Euphrates River at Al-Hindia barrage–middle of Iraq. J kerbala univer. 11(3):18-21.
  • Al-Faisal AJ, Mutlak FM.2014. First record of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Shatt al-Arab River, southern Iraq. Mesopotamian J Marine Sci.29(1):45-50.
  • Al-Sa’adi BA, Mhaisen FT, Al-Rubaie AR.2013. The first record of two monogeneans: Dactylogyrus dogieli Gussev, 1953 and Octomacrum europaeum Roman & Bykhovskii, 1956 from fishes of Iraq. Basrah J Agricul Sci.26:1-7.
  • AL-Zaidy KJ.2013. First record of Tilapia zilli (GEWAIS, 1848) in AL-Delmj marsh weast AL-Diwania city middle of Iraq. Diyala Agricul Sci J. 30;5(1):9-16.
  • Blazhekovikj-Dimovska D, Stojanovski S.2021. Protozoan distribution in farmed cyprinid fish from MACEDONIA. Food and Environ Saf J.20(1).
  • Dos Santos QM, Maina JN, Avenant-Oldewage A. 2019. Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp.(Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) parasitising the gills of Alcolapia grahami (Perciformes, Cichlidae), a fish inhabiting the extreme environment of Lake Magadi, Kenya. Parasite.26. doi:10.1051/parasite/2019077
  • García-Vásquez A, Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Guzmán-Valdivieso I, Calixto-Rojas M, Rubio-Godoy M.2021. Morpho-molecular characterization of Gyrodactylus parasites of farmed tilapia and their spillover to native fishes in Mexico. Scientific Rep.11(1):1-7. doi:/10.1038/s41598-021-93472-6
  • Hussein HT.2018. Percentage and Intensity in Parasite That Attack Common Carp Fish Cyprinus carpio from Alforat River Breeding Fish Cages Al-Mussayab/Iraq. J Univer babylon Pure and Appli Sci.26(7):85-91.
  • Iriansyah AH, Budihardjo A, Sugiyarto S.2020. Parasites prevalence which infecting freshwater fishes in Mulur Reservoir of Sukoharjo District, Indonesia. Internat J Bonorowo Wetlands.10(2): 92-97. doi: 10.13057/bonorowo/w100203
  • Jain S.2017. Current status of ichthyofaunal diversity of various water sources of western Uttar Pradesh, India. Inter J Fisheries and Aqua Studi.5(2):473-478.
  • Jawad M, Mohammed Ridha Z, Alali F, El-ashram S, Alhesnawi ASM.2022. Distribution and Identification of the Parasitic Nematode Contracaecum spp. in Planiliza Abu (Heckel, 1843: Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) From Razzaza Lake, Karbala Province, Iraq. Bozok Vet Sci. 3(2): 40-46.
  • Khalifa KA, Al-Khayat KM, Al-Rijab FH.1983. Ichthyophthiriasis in farmed fishes in Iraq. J Wildlife Dis.19(2):145. doi:10.7589/0090-3558-19.2.145
  • Khalifa SZ, Jassem RS, Hussein AT.2018. The first appearance of the Blue tilapia is Oreochromis aureus (S, 1864) in diyala river/Buhriz. Mesopotamia Environ J, Special Issue E: 179-184.
  • Korkut N, Koyun M.2022. Crustacean and Protozoan parasites of some Cyprinid fish living in the Murat River (Bingöl-Türkiye), with new host records. Aqua Res.5(2):154-164.
  • Koyuncu CE.2022. lchthyophthirius Multifiliis (Fouget, 1878) Infection in Koi (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) Culture. Advan Underwater Sci. 2(2):37-39.
  • Li WJ, Lyu XM, Nie P, Liu Y.2022. Morphological, histopathological and molecular characterization of parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infecting an indigenous and endangered fish, Schizothorax macropogon (Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae) in high plateau, Tibet, China. Aquacul Rep. 25:101192. doi: 10.1016/j.agrep.2022.101192
  • Mansoor NT, Al-Shaikh SM.2010. Protozoans infection of Cyprinus carpio L. from Bab Al-Muatham fish markets, Baghdad city. Iraqi J Vet Med.34(1).
  • Margolis L, Esch GW, Holmes JC, Kuris AM, Shad GA. 1982. The use of ecological terms in parasitology (Report of an Ad Hoc Committee of the American Society of Parasitologists). J Parasitol. 68 (1): 131-133. doi: 10.2307/328133
  • Obaid HM, Hussein NF, Obed TM, Boundenga L.2021. Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) parasites diversity and prevalence in Erbil aquacultures: gills, skin and intestinal infections. Iranian J Vet Sci and Technol. 13(1):34-41. doi:10.22067/IJVST.2021.64304.0
  • ÖZTÜRK T, GÜVEN A.2022. Trichodinid ectoparasites (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) from gills of some marine fishes of Sinop Coasts of the Black Sea, with the first report of Trichodina rectuncinata. Aqua Res. 5:295-306.
  • Shigoley MI, Rahmouni I, Louizi H, Pariselle A, Vanhove MP.2023. First Study on Gyrodactylus (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) in Morocco, with Description of a New Species from Luciobarbus pallaryi and Luciobarbus ksibi (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). Animals.13(10):1624. doi:/10.3390/ani13101624
  • Shinn AP, Avenant‐Oldewage A, Bondad‐Reantaso MG, Cruz‐Laufer AJ, García‐Vásquez A et al.2023. A global review of problematic and pathogenic parasites of farmed tilapia. Rev Aquacul.15:92-153. doi:10.1111/raq.12742
  • Wang Z, Bourland WA, Zhou T, Yang H, Zhang C et al.2020. Morphological and molecular characterization of two Trichodina (Ciliophora, Peritrichia) species from freshwater fishes in China. European J Protistol.72:125647. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2019.125647
  • Wang Z, Zhou T, Yang H, Gu Z.2019. First diagnosis of ectoparasitic ciliates (Trichodina and Chilodonella) on farmed juvenile yellow catfish, Tachysurus fulvidraco in China. Aquacul Res.50(11):3275-3285. doi:10.1111/are.14285
  • Yang H, Tu X, Xiao J, Hu J, Gu Z.2023. Investigations on white spot disease reveal high genetic diversity of the fish parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Fouquet, 1876) in China. Aquaculture.562:738804. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738804
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Fish Pests and Diseases
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Firas Alali 0000-0002-3438-6453

Marwa Jawad 0000-0003-2927-9220

Sarah Mohammed Alsheıkh 0009-0006-5520-1274

Project Number UOK.VET. MI.2022.064.
Publication Date August 25, 2024
Submission Date October 18, 2023
Acceptance Date February 5, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Alali, F., Jawad, M., & Alsheıkh, S. M. (2024). PREVALENCE OF ECTOPARASITES OF FRY TILAPIA (COPTODON ZILLII) FISHES FROM EUPHRATES RIVER, IRAQ. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 10(2), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.1377687
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