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Farklı ağır metal oksitler içeren yeni geliştirilen baryum-borotellürit camının Phy-X/PSD programı kullanılarak LAC ve HVL değerlerinin hesaplanması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 7, 971 - 976, 30.12.2022

Öz

Bu çalışma, %2.5 mol farklı ağır metal oksitler (HMO'lar), X2O3 (X: Bi, Gd, La, Sm) ile güçlendirilmiş baryum-borotellurit (BBT), 20BaO20B2O3-60TeO2 camının doğrusal zayıflatma katsayısı (LAC) ve yarıdeğer katmanı (HVL) olarak radyasyon zırhlama özelliklerini incelemiştir. Bu amaçla, teorik hesaplamalar için yeni geliştirilen PhyX/PSD programı uygulanarak beş farklı cam sistemi (BBT: referans, BBTB: Bi2O3, BBTG: Gd2O3, BBTL: La2O3 ve BBTS: Sm2O3) araştırılmıştır. Doğrusal zayıflatma katsayısı (LAC) ve yarı değer katmanı (HVL) 0.015 ila 15 MeV foton enerjilerinde bulundu. Sonunda, bulguları anlamlandırmak için bazı ağır betonlar ve ticari radyasyon koruyucu camlarla karşılaştırıldı. Yeni geliştirdiğimiz BBT sistemimizde HVL kalınlıklarını azaltırken, tüm HMO'ların ilavesinin LAC'nin artmasına katkıda bulunduğu söylenebilir. Özellikle BBTB camı, radyasyondan korunmada en iyi etkinliği sağladı. Ayrıca BBTB cam sistemi, ticari olarak bulunan camlarla rekabet edebilir, ve hatta kurşun oksit içeren camları geçmeyi başarabilir. Bu çalışma, farklı HMO'lara sahip BBT camlarının radyasyondan korunma uygulamalarında etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Buyuk B, Tugrul BA. “Investigation on the behaviours of TiB2 reinforced B4C-SiC composites against Co-60 gamma radioisotope source”. Pamukkale Universitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1), 24-29, 2015.
  • [2] J AM Santos, AL Bastos, J Lencart, AG Dias, and MF Carrasco. “Low cost alternative to lead glass shielding in PET/CT control/scanner room window”. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Munich, Germany, 7-12 September 2009.
  • [3] G Adu. “Mismatch between office furniture and anthropometric measures in Ghanaian institutions”. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2687-2693, 2015.
  • [4] SAM Issa, MI Sayyed, MHM Zaid, and KA Matori. “A comprehensive study on gamma rays and fast neutron sensing properties of GAGOC and CMO scintillators for shielding radiation applications”. Journal of Spectroscopy, 2017, 1-9, 2017.
  • [5] MI Sayyed, G Lakshminarayana, MG Dong, MÇ Ersundu, AE Ersundu, and IV Kityk. “Investigation on gamma and neutron radiation shielding parameters for BaO/SrOBi2O3‒B2O3 glasses”. Radiation Phyics and Chemistry, 145, 26-33, 2018.
  • [6] Qiuling Chen, KA Naseer, K Marimuthu, P Suthanthira Kumar, B Miao, KA Mahmoud, MI Sayyed. “Influence of modifier oxide on the structural and radiation shielding features of Sm3+-doped calcium telluro-fluoroborate glass systems”. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 57, 275-286, 2021.
  • [7] L Seenappa, HC Manjunatha, BM Chandrika, and H Chikka. “A study of shielding properties of X-ray and gamma in barium compounds”. Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 42(1), 26-32, 2017.
  • [8] R Mirji and B Lobo. “Radiation shielding materials : A brief review on methods , scope and significance”. National Conference on Advances in VLSI and Microelectronics., Huballi, India, 27 January 2017.
  • [9] JP McCaffrey, H Shen, B Downton, and E Mainegra-Hing. “Radiation attenuation by lead and nonlead materials used in radiation shielding garments”. Medical Physics, 34(2), 530-537, 2007.
  • [10] E Millstone and J Russell. “Lead toxicity and public health policy”. Journal of the Royal Society Health, 115(6), 347-350, 1995.
  • [11] AL Wani, A Ara, and JA Usmani. “Lead toxicity: a review”. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 8(2), 55-64, 2015.
  • [12] AS Ouda. “Development of high-performance heavy density concrete using different aggregates for gammaray shielding”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 79, 48-55, 2015.
  • [13] F Demir et al. “Radiation transmission of heavyweight and normal-weight concretes containing colemanite for 6 MV and 18 MV X-rays using linear accelerator”. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 37(3), 339-344, 2010.
  • [14] CM Lee, YH Lee, and KJ Lee. “Cracking effect on gamma-ray shielding performance in concrete structure”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 49(4), 303-312, 2007.
  • [15] MA Glinicki, R Jaskulski, M Dąbrowski, and Z Ranachowski. “Determination of thermal properties of hardening concrete for massive nuclear shielding structures”. 4th Sustainable Construction Materials & Technologies, Las Vegas, USA, 7-11 August 2016.
  • [16] International Electrotechnical Commission. “IEC 61331- 1: 2014 Standard”. https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/5289 (24.11.2020).
  • [17] International Organization for Standardization. “ISO 4037-1:2019 Radiological protection, X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters and for Determining Their Response as A Function of Photon Energy, Part 1: Radiation Characteristics and Production Methods”. https://www.iso.org/standard/66872.html (24.11.2020).
  • [18] M Cable. “A century of developments in glassmelting research”. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 81(5), 1083-1094, 2010.
  • [19] MJ Hynes and B Jonson. “Lead, glass and the environment”. Chemical Society Reviews, 26(2), 133-146, 2004.
  • [20] VP Singh, NM Badiger, and J Kaewkhao. “Radiation shielding competence of silicate and borate heavy metal oxide glasses: Comparative study”. Journal of NonCrystalline Solids, 404, 167-173, 2014.
  • [21] MH Kharita, R Jabra, S Yousef, and T Samaan. “Shielding properties of lead and barium phosphate glasses”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 81(10), 1568-1571, 2012.
  • [22] R Kurtulus, T Kavas, I Akkurt, and K Gunoglu. “An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3- added waste soda-lime-silica glass”. Ceramics International, 46(13), 21120-21127, 2020.
  • [23] MI Sayyed, MÇ Ersundu, AE Ersundu, G Lakshminarayana, and P Kostka. “Investigation of radiation shielding properties for MeO-PbCl2-TeO2(MeO = Bi2O3, MoO3, Sb2O3, WO3, ZnO) glasses”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 144, 419-425, 2018.
  • [24] JC McLaughlin, SL Tagg, and JW Zwanziger. “The structure of alkali tellurite glasses”. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 105(1), 67-75, 2001.
  • [25] MI Sayyed and G Lakshminarayana. “Structural, thermal, optical features and shielding parameters investigations of optical glasses for gamma radiation shielding and defense applications”. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 487, 53-59, 2018.
  • [26] I Grelowska et al. “Structural and optical study of telluritebarium glasses”. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1126, 219-225, 2016.
  • [27] EM Abou Hussein and NA El-Alaily. “Study on the effect of gamma radiation on some spectroscopic and electrical properties of lithium borate glasses”. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 28(3), 1214-1225, 2018.
  • [28] P Kaur, D Singh, and T Singh. “Heavy metal oxide glasses as gamma rays shielding material”. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 307, 364-376, 2016.
  • [29] S Chen et al. “Bismuth oxide-based nanocomposite for high-energy electron radiation shielding”. Journal of Materials Science, 54(4), 3023-3034, 2019.
  • [30] G Lakshminarayana et al. “X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and radiation shielding parameters investigations for zinc molybdenum borotellurite glasses containing different network modifiers”. Journal of Materials Science, 52(12), 7394-7414, 2017.
  • [31] MI Sayyed, MÇ Ersundu, S Aydin, AE Ersundu, and G Lakshminarayana. “Evaluation of physical, structural properties and shielding parameters for K2O-WO3-TeO2 glasses for gamma ray shielding applications”. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 714, 278-286, 2017.
  • [32] G Lakshminarayana et al. “Vibrational, thermal features, and photon attenuation coefficients evaluation for TeO2- B2O3-BaO-ZnO-Na2O-Er2O3-Pr6O11glasses as gamma-rays shielding materials”. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 481, 568-578, 2018.
  • [33] HO Tekin, MI Sayyed, T Manici, and EE Altunsoy. “Photon shielding characterizations of bismuth modified borate -silicate-tellurite glasses using MCNPX Monte Carlo code”. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 211, 9-16, 2018.
  • [34] S Kothan et al. “Gamma-ray and neutron shielding efficiency of Pb-free gadolinium-based glasses”. Nuclear Science and Technology, 2784), 1-8, 2016.
  • [35] R El-Mallawany and MI Sayyed. “Comparative shielding properties of some tellurite glasses: Part 1”. Physics B Condensed Matter, 539, 133-140, 2018.
  • [36] S Inaba and S Fujino. “Empirical equation for calculating the density of oxide glasses”. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 93(1), 217-220, 2010.
  • [37] E Şakar, OF Özpolat, B Alim, MI Sayyed, and M. Kurudirek. “Phy-X/PSD: Development of a user friendly online software for calculation of parameters relevant to radiation shielding and dosimetry”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 166, 1-12, 2020.
  • [38] N Chanthima and J Kaewkhao. “Investigation on radiation shielding parameters of bismuth borosilicate glass from 1 keV to 100 GeV.” Annals of Nuclear Energy, 55, 23-28, 2013.
  • [39] S Kaewjang, U Maghanemi, S Kothan, HJ Kim, P Limkitjaroenporn, and J Kaewkhao. “New gadolinium based glasses for gamma-rays shielding materials”. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 280, 21-26, 2015.
  • [40] A Wagh et al. “Influence of RE oxides (Eu3+, Sm3+, Nd3+) on gamma radiation shielding properties of lead fluoroborate glasses”. Solid State Science, 96, 1-9, 2019.
  • [41] IZ Hager and R El-Mallawany. “Preparation and structural studies in the (70-x)TeO2-20WO3-10Li2O-xLn2O3 glasses”. Journal of Materials Science, 45(4), 897-905, 2010.
  • [42] MH Kharita, S Yousef, and M Alnassar. “Review on the addition of boron compounds to radiation shielding concrete”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 53(2), 207-211, 2011.
  • [43] SCHOTT Optics. “Radiation Shielding Glasses for Industrial Applications. https://www.schott.com/advanced_optics/english/prod ucts/optical-materials/special-materials/radiationshielding-glasses/index.html (24.11.2020).

Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 7, 971 - 976, 30.12.2022

Öz

This paper examined the radiation shielding characteristics as linear attenuation (LAC) and half-value layer (HVL) of barium-borotellurite glass (BBT), 20BaO-20B2O3-60TeO2, reinforced with 2.5 mol% of different heavy metal oxides (HMOs), X2O3 (X: Bi, Gd, La, Sm). For this purpose, five different glass systems (BBT: reference, BBTB: Bi2O3, BBTG: Gd2O3, BBTL: La2O3, and BBTS: Sm2O3) were explored by performing the newly developed Phy-X/PSD program for theoretical computations. The LAC and the HVL were found out in the photon energies of 0.015 to 15 MeV. Eventually, the findings were compared with some heavyweight concretes and commercial radiation shielding glasses to make a deeper sense. One can report that all HMOs addition contributed to increasing LAC while decreasing HVL thicknesses in our newly developed BBT system. In particular, the BBTB glass provided the best effectiveness in radiation shielding. Further, the BBTB glass system can compete with commercially available glasses, particularly, it could accomplish to overtake lead-oxide containing ones. This study revealed that BBT glasses with differing HMOs can effectively be used in radiation shielding applications.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Buyuk B, Tugrul BA. “Investigation on the behaviours of TiB2 reinforced B4C-SiC composites against Co-60 gamma radioisotope source”. Pamukkale Universitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1), 24-29, 2015.
  • [2] J AM Santos, AL Bastos, J Lencart, AG Dias, and MF Carrasco. “Low cost alternative to lead glass shielding in PET/CT control/scanner room window”. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Munich, Germany, 7-12 September 2009.
  • [3] G Adu. “Mismatch between office furniture and anthropometric measures in Ghanaian institutions”. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2687-2693, 2015.
  • [4] SAM Issa, MI Sayyed, MHM Zaid, and KA Matori. “A comprehensive study on gamma rays and fast neutron sensing properties of GAGOC and CMO scintillators for shielding radiation applications”. Journal of Spectroscopy, 2017, 1-9, 2017.
  • [5] MI Sayyed, G Lakshminarayana, MG Dong, MÇ Ersundu, AE Ersundu, and IV Kityk. “Investigation on gamma and neutron radiation shielding parameters for BaO/SrOBi2O3‒B2O3 glasses”. Radiation Phyics and Chemistry, 145, 26-33, 2018.
  • [6] Qiuling Chen, KA Naseer, K Marimuthu, P Suthanthira Kumar, B Miao, KA Mahmoud, MI Sayyed. “Influence of modifier oxide on the structural and radiation shielding features of Sm3+-doped calcium telluro-fluoroborate glass systems”. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 57, 275-286, 2021.
  • [7] L Seenappa, HC Manjunatha, BM Chandrika, and H Chikka. “A study of shielding properties of X-ray and gamma in barium compounds”. Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 42(1), 26-32, 2017.
  • [8] R Mirji and B Lobo. “Radiation shielding materials : A brief review on methods , scope and significance”. National Conference on Advances in VLSI and Microelectronics., Huballi, India, 27 January 2017.
  • [9] JP McCaffrey, H Shen, B Downton, and E Mainegra-Hing. “Radiation attenuation by lead and nonlead materials used in radiation shielding garments”. Medical Physics, 34(2), 530-537, 2007.
  • [10] E Millstone and J Russell. “Lead toxicity and public health policy”. Journal of the Royal Society Health, 115(6), 347-350, 1995.
  • [11] AL Wani, A Ara, and JA Usmani. “Lead toxicity: a review”. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 8(2), 55-64, 2015.
  • [12] AS Ouda. “Development of high-performance heavy density concrete using different aggregates for gammaray shielding”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 79, 48-55, 2015.
  • [13] F Demir et al. “Radiation transmission of heavyweight and normal-weight concretes containing colemanite for 6 MV and 18 MV X-rays using linear accelerator”. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 37(3), 339-344, 2010.
  • [14] CM Lee, YH Lee, and KJ Lee. “Cracking effect on gamma-ray shielding performance in concrete structure”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 49(4), 303-312, 2007.
  • [15] MA Glinicki, R Jaskulski, M Dąbrowski, and Z Ranachowski. “Determination of thermal properties of hardening concrete for massive nuclear shielding structures”. 4th Sustainable Construction Materials & Technologies, Las Vegas, USA, 7-11 August 2016.
  • [16] International Electrotechnical Commission. “IEC 61331- 1: 2014 Standard”. https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/5289 (24.11.2020).
  • [17] International Organization for Standardization. “ISO 4037-1:2019 Radiological protection, X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters and for Determining Their Response as A Function of Photon Energy, Part 1: Radiation Characteristics and Production Methods”. https://www.iso.org/standard/66872.html (24.11.2020).
  • [18] M Cable. “A century of developments in glassmelting research”. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 81(5), 1083-1094, 2010.
  • [19] MJ Hynes and B Jonson. “Lead, glass and the environment”. Chemical Society Reviews, 26(2), 133-146, 2004.
  • [20] VP Singh, NM Badiger, and J Kaewkhao. “Radiation shielding competence of silicate and borate heavy metal oxide glasses: Comparative study”. Journal of NonCrystalline Solids, 404, 167-173, 2014.
  • [21] MH Kharita, R Jabra, S Yousef, and T Samaan. “Shielding properties of lead and barium phosphate glasses”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 81(10), 1568-1571, 2012.
  • [22] R Kurtulus, T Kavas, I Akkurt, and K Gunoglu. “An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3- added waste soda-lime-silica glass”. Ceramics International, 46(13), 21120-21127, 2020.
  • [23] MI Sayyed, MÇ Ersundu, AE Ersundu, G Lakshminarayana, and P Kostka. “Investigation of radiation shielding properties for MeO-PbCl2-TeO2(MeO = Bi2O3, MoO3, Sb2O3, WO3, ZnO) glasses”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 144, 419-425, 2018.
  • [24] JC McLaughlin, SL Tagg, and JW Zwanziger. “The structure of alkali tellurite glasses”. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 105(1), 67-75, 2001.
  • [25] MI Sayyed and G Lakshminarayana. “Structural, thermal, optical features and shielding parameters investigations of optical glasses for gamma radiation shielding and defense applications”. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 487, 53-59, 2018.
  • [26] I Grelowska et al. “Structural and optical study of telluritebarium glasses”. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1126, 219-225, 2016.
  • [27] EM Abou Hussein and NA El-Alaily. “Study on the effect of gamma radiation on some spectroscopic and electrical properties of lithium borate glasses”. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 28(3), 1214-1225, 2018.
  • [28] P Kaur, D Singh, and T Singh. “Heavy metal oxide glasses as gamma rays shielding material”. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 307, 364-376, 2016.
  • [29] S Chen et al. “Bismuth oxide-based nanocomposite for high-energy electron radiation shielding”. Journal of Materials Science, 54(4), 3023-3034, 2019.
  • [30] G Lakshminarayana et al. “X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and radiation shielding parameters investigations for zinc molybdenum borotellurite glasses containing different network modifiers”. Journal of Materials Science, 52(12), 7394-7414, 2017.
  • [31] MI Sayyed, MÇ Ersundu, S Aydin, AE Ersundu, and G Lakshminarayana. “Evaluation of physical, structural properties and shielding parameters for K2O-WO3-TeO2 glasses for gamma ray shielding applications”. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 714, 278-286, 2017.
  • [32] G Lakshminarayana et al. “Vibrational, thermal features, and photon attenuation coefficients evaluation for TeO2- B2O3-BaO-ZnO-Na2O-Er2O3-Pr6O11glasses as gamma-rays shielding materials”. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 481, 568-578, 2018.
  • [33] HO Tekin, MI Sayyed, T Manici, and EE Altunsoy. “Photon shielding characterizations of bismuth modified borate -silicate-tellurite glasses using MCNPX Monte Carlo code”. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 211, 9-16, 2018.
  • [34] S Kothan et al. “Gamma-ray and neutron shielding efficiency of Pb-free gadolinium-based glasses”. Nuclear Science and Technology, 2784), 1-8, 2016.
  • [35] R El-Mallawany and MI Sayyed. “Comparative shielding properties of some tellurite glasses: Part 1”. Physics B Condensed Matter, 539, 133-140, 2018.
  • [36] S Inaba and S Fujino. “Empirical equation for calculating the density of oxide glasses”. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 93(1), 217-220, 2010.
  • [37] E Şakar, OF Özpolat, B Alim, MI Sayyed, and M. Kurudirek. “Phy-X/PSD: Development of a user friendly online software for calculation of parameters relevant to radiation shielding and dosimetry”. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 166, 1-12, 2020.
  • [38] N Chanthima and J Kaewkhao. “Investigation on radiation shielding parameters of bismuth borosilicate glass from 1 keV to 100 GeV.” Annals of Nuclear Energy, 55, 23-28, 2013.
  • [39] S Kaewjang, U Maghanemi, S Kothan, HJ Kim, P Limkitjaroenporn, and J Kaewkhao. “New gadolinium based glasses for gamma-rays shielding materials”. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 280, 21-26, 2015.
  • [40] A Wagh et al. “Influence of RE oxides (Eu3+, Sm3+, Nd3+) on gamma radiation shielding properties of lead fluoroborate glasses”. Solid State Science, 96, 1-9, 2019.
  • [41] IZ Hager and R El-Mallawany. “Preparation and structural studies in the (70-x)TeO2-20WO3-10Li2O-xLn2O3 glasses”. Journal of Materials Science, 45(4), 897-905, 2010.
  • [42] MH Kharita, S Yousef, and M Alnassar. “Review on the addition of boron compounds to radiation shielding concrete”. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 53(2), 207-211, 2011.
  • [43] SCHOTT Optics. “Radiation Shielding Glasses for Industrial Applications. https://www.schott.com/advanced_optics/english/prod ucts/optical-materials/special-materials/radiationshielding-glasses/index.html (24.11.2020).
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Kimya Müh. / Tekstil Müh. / Gıda Müh.
Yazarlar

Recep Kurtuluş

Taner Kavas Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 7

Kaynak Göster

APA Kurtuluş, R., & Kavas, T. (2022). Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(7), 971-976.
AMA Kurtuluş R, Kavas T. Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Aralık 2022;28(7):971-976.
Chicago Kurtuluş, Recep, ve Taner Kavas. “Calculation of LAC and HVL Values of Newly Developed Barium-Borotellurite Glass Containing Different Heavy Metal Oxides Using Phy-X/PSD”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28, sy. 7 (Aralık 2022): 971-76.
EndNote Kurtuluş R, Kavas T (01 Aralık 2022) Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28 7 971–976.
IEEE R. Kurtuluş ve T. Kavas, “Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 28, sy. 7, ss. 971–976, 2022.
ISNAD Kurtuluş, Recep - Kavas, Taner. “Calculation of LAC and HVL Values of Newly Developed Barium-Borotellurite Glass Containing Different Heavy Metal Oxides Using Phy-X/PSD”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28/7 (Aralık 2022), 971-976.
JAMA Kurtuluş R, Kavas T. Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;28:971–976.
MLA Kurtuluş, Recep ve Taner Kavas. “Calculation of LAC and HVL Values of Newly Developed Barium-Borotellurite Glass Containing Different Heavy Metal Oxides Using Phy-X/PSD”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 28, sy. 7, 2022, ss. 971-6.
Vancouver Kurtuluş R, Kavas T. Calculation of LAC and HVL values of newly developed barium-borotellurite glass containing different heavy metal oxides using Phy-X/PSD. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;28(7):971-6.





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