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Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 239 - 245, 15.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1028824

Öz

Bu çalışmada Konya’da bulunan yatak kapasiteleri 27-600 kişi arasında değişen 10 hastanenin atıksuyundan yaz ve kış dönemlerinde örnekler alınarak fizikokimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiş ve Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna, Lepidium sativum toksisite testleri ile ekotoksikolojik etkisi belirlenmiştir. Hastane atıksularının pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, askıda katı madde ve toplam organik karbon parametreleri sırasıyla yaz dönemi için 7.16-8.61, 525-7970 µS/cm, 18-1124 mg/L, 53-502 mg/L aralığında, kış döneminde ise 7.10-8.63, 554-4130 µS/cm, 92-860 mg/L, 20-305 mg/L, 143-819 mg/L aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Hastane atıksularının EC50 değerleri yaz döneminde Vibrio fischeri için 0.39-77.72, Daphnia magna için 14.84-85.15, Lepidium sativum için 16.62-87.68 aralığında, kış döneminde Vibrio fischeri için 0.78-100, Daphnia magna için 9.8-49.95, Lepidium sativum için 36.68-42.61 aralığında tespit edilmiştir. EC50 değerlerinden hesaplanan toksik birim değerleri incelendiğinde, araştırılan hastanelerin üçünün atıksuyunda yüksek akut toksisite etkisi gözlenmiştir. Covid-19 pandemisi sebebiyle hastanelerin tam kapasite çalışması ve hastanelerde yoğun farmasötik kullanımına bağlı olarak deşarj edilen kirlilik yükünün artması hastane atıksularının yönetimi açısından bugün daha önemli bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Hastane atıksularının deşarj kriterlerinin belirlenmesinde toksisite testlerinden faydalanılmalıdır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi

Proje Numarası

GEBİP

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma TÜBA-Üstün Başarılı Genç Bilim İnsanı Ödülleri (GEBİP) tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton and H. D. Stensel, Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 2003.
  • C.A. Lutterbeck, E.N. Machado, A. Sanchez-Barrios, E.O. Silveira, D. Layton, A. Rieger and E.A. Lobo, Toxicity evaluation of hospital laundry wastewaters treated by microbial fuel cells and constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment 729, 138816, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020. 138816.
  • M. Al Aukidy, P. Verlicchi, A. Jelic, M. Petrovic and D. Barcelo, Monitoring release of pharmaceutical compounds: occurrence and environmental risk assessment of two WWTP effluents and their receiving bodies in the Po Valley. Italy. Science of the Total Environment 438, 15-25, 2012. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.061.
  • D.I. Kern, R.O. Schwaickhardt, G. Mohr, E.A. Lobo, L.T. Kist and E.L. Machado, Toxicity and genotoxicity of hospital laundry wastewaters treated with photocatalytic ozonation. Science of the Total Environment, 443, 566–572, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.023.
  • P. Verlicchi, A. Galletti, M. Petrovic and D. Barceló, Hospital effluents as a source of emerging pollutants: An overview of micropollutants and sustainable treatment options. Journal of Hydrology 389, 416–428, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.005.
  • S. Aydin, M.E. Aydin, A. Ulvi and H. Kiliç, Antibiotics in hospital effluents: occurrence, contribution to urban wastewater, removal in a wastewater treatment plant, and environmental risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 544–558, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3563-0.
  • S. Aydin, M.E. Aydin and A. Ulvi, Monitoring the release of anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals in the receiving environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 36887–36902. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06821-4.
  • G. Jírová, A.Vlková, M. Wittlerová, M. Dvořáková, L. Kašparová, J. Chrz, K. Kejlová, Z. Wittlingerová, M. Zimová, B. Hošíková, J. Jiravová and H. Kolářová, Toxicity of wastewater from health care facilities assessed by different bioassays, Neuroendocrinology Letters 39(6), 441–453, 2018.
  • APHA/AWWA/WPCF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17.ed. Washington DC, 1992.
  • EN ISO 11348-2, 1998, Water quality – Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emissions of Vibrio fischeri (Luminescent bacteria test) – Part 2: Method using liquid-dried bacteria, ISO 11348-2: 1998.
  • M. Devare and M. Bahadir, Ecotoxicological assessment of inorganic waste disposal in salt mines, part II: Phytotoxicity tests. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 3, 119, 1994.
  • A.J. Gautam, S. Kumar and P.C.Sabumon, Preliminary study of physico-chemical treatment options for hospital wastewater. Journal of Environmental Management 83, 298–306, 2007. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.03.009.
  • S. Suarez, J.M. Lema and F. Omil, Pre-treatment of hospital wastewater by coagulation–flocculation and flotation. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2138–2146, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.015.
  • C.I. Kosma, D.A. Lambropoulou and T.A. Albanis, Occurrence and removal of PPCPs in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Greece, Journal of Hazardous Materials 179, 804-817, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jhazmat.2010.03.075.
  • C. Cruz-Morató, D. Lucas, M. Llorca, S. Rodriguez-Mozaz, M. Gorga, M. Petrovic, D. Barceló, T. Vicent, M. Sarrà and E. Marco-Urrea, Hospital wastewater treatment by fungal bioreactor: Removal efficiency for pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptor compounds. Science of the Total Environment 493, 365–376, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.117.
  • A. Arslan, S. Veli and D. Bingöl, Use of response surface methodology for pretreatment of hospital wastewater by O3/UV and O3/UV/H2O2 processes, A Separation and purification technology, 132, 561-567, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2014.05.036.
  • A. Altın, M. Değirmenci and S. Altın, Sivas Kentinde Bulunan Hastane Atıksularının Miktar ve Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 1, 2, 33-47, 1999.
  • S. Sarı, Konya İli Hastane Atıksularının Karakterizasyonu, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye, 2002.
  • P. Gültekin, Hastane Atıksularının Karakterizasyonu, Arıtılabilirliği ve Eskişehir İline Ait Bir Örnek, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye, 2005.
  • G. Persoone, B. Marsalek, I. Blinova, A. Törökne, D. Zarina, L. Manusadzianas, G. Nalecz-Jawecki, L. Tofan, N. Stepanova, L. Tothova and B. Kolar, A practical and user-friendly toxicity classification system with microbiotests for natural waters and wastewaters. Environmental Toxicology, 18(6), 395-402, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10141.
  • S. Aydın, M.E. Aydın, F. Bedük and A. Ulvi, Toxicity of Hospital Wastewater, VI. Eurasian Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (ECOCEE) – Istanbul, Turkey, 17-18 June 2019.
  • M. Aydın and G. Kara, An Investigation on The Toxicity of Sewage, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 13 –12a, 1444 – 1448, 2004.
  • B. Czech, I. Jośko and P. Oleszczuk, Ecotoxicological evaluation of selected pharmaceuticals to Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna before and after photooxidation process. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 104, 247-253, 2014. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.024.
  • K. Tang, A. Spiliotopoulou, R.K. Chhetri, G.T.H. Ooi, K.M.S. Kaarsholm, K. Sundmark, B. Florian, C. Kragelund, K. Bester and H.R. Andersen, Removal of pharmaceuticals, toxicity and natural fluorescence through the ozonation of biologically-treated hospital wastewater,with further polishing via a suspended biofilm, Chemical Engineering Journal 359, 321-330, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041059.

Evaluation of ecotoxicological effect of hospital wastewater

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 239 - 245, 15.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1028824

Öz

The wastewater of 10 hospitals in Konya with bed capacities ranging from 27-600 person in summer and winter periods. The pH, electrical conductivity, suspended solids and total organic carbon properties of hospital wastewaters are 7.16-8.61, 525-7970 µS/cm, 18-1124 mg/L, 53-502 mg/L in the summer period, and 7.10- 8.63, 554-4130 µS/cm, 92-860 mg/L, 20-305 mg/L, 143-819 mg/L in the winter period. The EC50 values of hospital wastewater are 0.39-77.72 for Vibrio fischeri, 14.84-85.15 for Daphnia magna, 16.62-87.68 for Lepidium sativum in summer, 0.78-100 for Vibrio fischeri, 9.8-49.95 for Daphnia magna, 36.68-42 for Lepidium sativum in winter. When the toxic unit values calculated from the EC50 values were examined, high acute toxicity was observed in the wastewater of three of the hospitals studied. The increase in the discharged pollution load due to the full capacity operation of the hospitals and the insentive use of pharmaceuticals in hospitals due to the Covid-19 pandemic has become a more important problem in terms of the management of hospital wastewater. Toxicity tests should be used to determine the discharge criteria of wastewater such as hospital wastewater.

Proje Numarası

GEBİP

Kaynakça

  • G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton and H. D. Stensel, Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 2003.
  • C.A. Lutterbeck, E.N. Machado, A. Sanchez-Barrios, E.O. Silveira, D. Layton, A. Rieger and E.A. Lobo, Toxicity evaluation of hospital laundry wastewaters treated by microbial fuel cells and constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment 729, 138816, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020. 138816.
  • M. Al Aukidy, P. Verlicchi, A. Jelic, M. Petrovic and D. Barcelo, Monitoring release of pharmaceutical compounds: occurrence and environmental risk assessment of two WWTP effluents and their receiving bodies in the Po Valley. Italy. Science of the Total Environment 438, 15-25, 2012. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.061.
  • D.I. Kern, R.O. Schwaickhardt, G. Mohr, E.A. Lobo, L.T. Kist and E.L. Machado, Toxicity and genotoxicity of hospital laundry wastewaters treated with photocatalytic ozonation. Science of the Total Environment, 443, 566–572, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.023.
  • P. Verlicchi, A. Galletti, M. Petrovic and D. Barceló, Hospital effluents as a source of emerging pollutants: An overview of micropollutants and sustainable treatment options. Journal of Hydrology 389, 416–428, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.005.
  • S. Aydin, M.E. Aydin, A. Ulvi and H. Kiliç, Antibiotics in hospital effluents: occurrence, contribution to urban wastewater, removal in a wastewater treatment plant, and environmental risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 544–558, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3563-0.
  • S. Aydin, M.E. Aydin and A. Ulvi, Monitoring the release of anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals in the receiving environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 36887–36902. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06821-4.
  • G. Jírová, A.Vlková, M. Wittlerová, M. Dvořáková, L. Kašparová, J. Chrz, K. Kejlová, Z. Wittlingerová, M. Zimová, B. Hošíková, J. Jiravová and H. Kolářová, Toxicity of wastewater from health care facilities assessed by different bioassays, Neuroendocrinology Letters 39(6), 441–453, 2018.
  • APHA/AWWA/WPCF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17.ed. Washington DC, 1992.
  • EN ISO 11348-2, 1998, Water quality – Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emissions of Vibrio fischeri (Luminescent bacteria test) – Part 2: Method using liquid-dried bacteria, ISO 11348-2: 1998.
  • M. Devare and M. Bahadir, Ecotoxicological assessment of inorganic waste disposal in salt mines, part II: Phytotoxicity tests. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 3, 119, 1994.
  • A.J. Gautam, S. Kumar and P.C.Sabumon, Preliminary study of physico-chemical treatment options for hospital wastewater. Journal of Environmental Management 83, 298–306, 2007. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.03.009.
  • S. Suarez, J.M. Lema and F. Omil, Pre-treatment of hospital wastewater by coagulation–flocculation and flotation. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2138–2146, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.015.
  • C.I. Kosma, D.A. Lambropoulou and T.A. Albanis, Occurrence and removal of PPCPs in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Greece, Journal of Hazardous Materials 179, 804-817, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jhazmat.2010.03.075.
  • C. Cruz-Morató, D. Lucas, M. Llorca, S. Rodriguez-Mozaz, M. Gorga, M. Petrovic, D. Barceló, T. Vicent, M. Sarrà and E. Marco-Urrea, Hospital wastewater treatment by fungal bioreactor: Removal efficiency for pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptor compounds. Science of the Total Environment 493, 365–376, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.117.
  • A. Arslan, S. Veli and D. Bingöl, Use of response surface methodology for pretreatment of hospital wastewater by O3/UV and O3/UV/H2O2 processes, A Separation and purification technology, 132, 561-567, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2014.05.036.
  • A. Altın, M. Değirmenci and S. Altın, Sivas Kentinde Bulunan Hastane Atıksularının Miktar ve Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 1, 2, 33-47, 1999.
  • S. Sarı, Konya İli Hastane Atıksularının Karakterizasyonu, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye, 2002.
  • P. Gültekin, Hastane Atıksularının Karakterizasyonu, Arıtılabilirliği ve Eskişehir İline Ait Bir Örnek, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye, 2005.
  • G. Persoone, B. Marsalek, I. Blinova, A. Törökne, D. Zarina, L. Manusadzianas, G. Nalecz-Jawecki, L. Tofan, N. Stepanova, L. Tothova and B. Kolar, A practical and user-friendly toxicity classification system with microbiotests for natural waters and wastewaters. Environmental Toxicology, 18(6), 395-402, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10141.
  • S. Aydın, M.E. Aydın, F. Bedük and A. Ulvi, Toxicity of Hospital Wastewater, VI. Eurasian Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (ECOCEE) – Istanbul, Turkey, 17-18 June 2019.
  • M. Aydın and G. Kara, An Investigation on The Toxicity of Sewage, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 13 –12a, 1444 – 1448, 2004.
  • B. Czech, I. Jośko and P. Oleszczuk, Ecotoxicological evaluation of selected pharmaceuticals to Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna before and after photooxidation process. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 104, 247-253, 2014. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.024.
  • K. Tang, A. Spiliotopoulou, R.K. Chhetri, G.T.H. Ooi, K.M.S. Kaarsholm, K. Sundmark, B. Florian, C. Kragelund, K. Bester and H.R. Andersen, Removal of pharmaceuticals, toxicity and natural fluorescence through the ozonation of biologically-treated hospital wastewater,with further polishing via a suspended biofilm, Chemical Engineering Journal 359, 321-330, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041059.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çevre Mühendisliği
Bölüm Çevre Mühendisliği
Yazarlar

Arzu Ulvi 0000-0001-7303-1869

Senar Aydın 0000-0002-0960-480X

Mehmet Emin Aydın 0000-0001-6665-198X

Proje Numarası GEBİP
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Kasım 2021
Kabul Tarihi 8 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ulvi, A., Aydın, S., & Aydın, M. E. (2022). Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1028824
AMA Ulvi A, Aydın S, Aydın ME. Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. NÖHÜ Müh. Bilim. Derg. Nisan 2022;11(2):239-245. doi:10.28948/ngumuh.1028824
Chicago Ulvi, Arzu, Senar Aydın, ve Mehmet Emin Aydın. “Hastane atıksularının Ekotoksikolojik Etkisinin değerlendirilmesi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11, sy. 2 (Nisan 2022): 239-45. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1028824.
EndNote Ulvi A, Aydın S, Aydın ME (01 Nisan 2022) Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11 2 239–245.
IEEE A. Ulvi, S. Aydın, ve M. E. Aydın, “Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi”, NÖHÜ Müh. Bilim. Derg., c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 239–245, 2022, doi: 10.28948/ngumuh.1028824.
ISNAD Ulvi, Arzu vd. “Hastane atıksularının Ekotoksikolojik Etkisinin değerlendirilmesi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11/2 (Nisan 2022), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1028824.
JAMA Ulvi A, Aydın S, Aydın ME. Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. NÖHÜ Müh. Bilim. Derg. 2022;11:239–245.
MLA Ulvi, Arzu vd. “Hastane atıksularının Ekotoksikolojik Etkisinin değerlendirilmesi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 239-45, doi:10.28948/ngumuh.1028824.
Vancouver Ulvi A, Aydın S, Aydın ME. Hastane atıksularının ekotoksikolojik etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. NÖHÜ Müh. Bilim. Derg. 2022;11(2):239-45.

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