Araştırma Makalesi
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Immunostimulant Effects of Geophyte Plant Extract on Non-specific Defence Mechanisms of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 36 - 41, 27.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.376404

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine the immunostimulant effects of
geophyte plant extract on non-specific defence mechanisms of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss
). For this purpose,
Muscari comosum was collected in Muğla region and extracted in
ethanol. Then, The plant extract applied into fish by intraperitonal injection
in two different concentrations (0.5mg/ fish and 2.0 mg/fish). The average fish
weight was 140 g. Following the injection on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th
days the blood and serum samples were collected from fish in each group and
examined for various parameters including percentage of hematocrit, the counts
of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) positive neutrophils, total leukocyte counts,
percentage of white blood cells and serum lysozyme activity. The results
indicated that the counts of NBT (+) 
neutrophils, percentage of monocyte and neutophil and total leukocyte
counts increased in the group with injected 0.5mg plant extract /fish compared
to control group (P<0.05).  It has
been revealed that this dose of M. comosum can be suggested to use to
enhance non-specific immune system for rainbow trout aquaculture. However,
immunostimulant effects of oral administration of this plant extract in rainbow
trout are needed to be determine in future studies.

Kaynakça

  • Aly SM, Mohamed MF. 2010. Echinacea purpurea and Allium sativum as immunostimulants in fish culture using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 94 (5), e31-e39 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00971.x
  • Anderson DP, Moritomo T, Grooth RD. 1992. Neutrophile, glass-adherent, nitroblue tetrazolium assay gives early indication of immunization effectiveness in rainbow trout. Vet. Immunol.Immunopathol.30(4):419-429. doi:10.1016/0165-2427(92)90110-C
  • Awad E, Awaad A. 2017. Role of medicinal plants on growth performance and immune status in fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 67(1):40-54. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.034
  • Awad E, Austin D, Lyndon AR. 2013. Effect of black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa) and nettle extract (Quercetin) on enhancement of immunity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture 388-391(1):193–197 doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.01.008
  • Baba E, Acar Ü, Öntaş C, Kesbiç OS, Yilmaz S. 2016. The use of Avena sativa extract against Aeromonas hydrophila and its effect on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 15 (2): 325-333. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2016.1185977
  • Baba E, Uluköy G, Mammadov R. 2014. Effects of Muscari comosum Extract on Nonspecific Immune Parameters in Gilthead Seabream, Sparus aurata (L. 1758). J World Aquacult. Soc. 45 (2): 173-182 doi: 10.1111/jwas.12100
  • Christybapita D, Divyagnaneswari M, Michael RD. 2007. Oral administration of Eclipta alba leaf aqueous extract enhances the non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 23(4):840-852 doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.03.010
  • Deivasigamani B, Subramanian V. 2016. Applications of Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 5(9): 447-453. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2016.509.048
  • Dügenci SK, Arda N, Candan A. 2003. Some medicinal plants as immunostimulant for fish. J Ethnopharmacol.88 (1), 99-106 doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00182-X
  • Engstad RE, Robertsen B, Frivold E. 1992. Yeast glucan induces increase in lysozyme and complement-mediated haemolytic activity in Atlantic salmon blood. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2 (4): 287-297 doi: 10.1016/S1050-4648(06)80033-1
  • Immanue G, Uma RP, Iyapparaj P, Citarasu T, Punitha Peter SM, Michael Babu M, Palavesam A. 2009. Dietary medicinal plant extracts improve growth, immune activity and survival of tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. J Fish Biol 74 (7): 1462-1475 doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02212.x
  • Lee TH, Qiu F, Waller GR, Chou CH. 2000. Three new flavonol galloylglycosides from leaves of Acacia confusa. J. Nat. Prod. 63(5): 710-712 doi: 10.1021/np990482w
  • Logambal SM, Venkatalakshmi S, Michael RD. 2000. Immunostimulatory effect of leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Hydrobiologia, 430 (1-3):113-120. doi: 10.1023/A:1004029332114
  • Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Menichini F. 2010. Chelating, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic potential of Muscari comosum (L.) Mill. bulb extracts. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 61(8):780-791. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2010.482521
  • Magnadottir B. 2006. Innate immunity of fish (Overview). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 20 (2): 137-151. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2004.09.006
  • Mehana EE, Rahmani AH, Aly SM. 2015. Immunostimulants and Fish Culture: An Overview. Annu Res Rev Biol. 5 (6):477-489 doi: 10.9734/ARRB/2015/9558
  • Nasrabadi, M, Halimi M, Nadaf M. 2013. Phytochemical screening and chemical composition of extract of Muscari neglectum. Middle-East J Sci Res 14(4):566–569. doi: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.14.4.71191
  • Pieroni, A, Janiak V, Durr CM, Ludeke S, Trachsel E, Heinrich M. 2002. In vitro antioxidant activity of non-cultivated vegetables of ethnic Albanians in southern Italy. Phytother. Res. 16 (5):467–473. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1243
  • Plumb, J. A., and Hanson, LA. 2011. Health Maintenance and Principal Microbial Diseases of Cultured Fishes. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9780470958353
  • Pratheepa V, Ramesh S, Sukumaran N. 2010. Immunomodulatory effect of Aegle marmelos leaf extract on freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio infected by bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Pharm. Biol.48 (11): 1224-1239 doi: 10.3109/13880201003713598
  • Schaperclaus W, Kulow H, Schreckenbach K. (1991) Hematological and serological technique. In: Fish Disease, Vol. 1, 2nd edn, ed. by V.S.Kothekar), pp. 71–108. Gulab primlani, Oxonian Press, New Delhi, India.
  • Steinhagen D, Kruse P, Körting W. 1990. Some heamatological observations on carp, Cyprinus carpio L. experimentally infected with Trypanoplasma borreli Laveron. J Fish Dis. 13(2) :157–162 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1990.tb00768.x
  • Sudhakaran DS, Srirekha P, Devasree LD, Premsingh S, Michael RD. 2006. Immunostimulatory effect of Tinospora cordifolia Miers leaf extract in Oreochromis mossambicus. Indian J Exp Biol. 44 (9):726-732 URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16999027
  • Sharma A, Deo AD, Riteshkumar ST, Chanu TI, Das A. 2010. Effect of Withania somnifera (L. Dunal) root as a feed additive on immunological parameters and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 29 (3):508-512 doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.05.005
  • Tanker M, Tanker N. 1991. Farmakognozi Cilt 1. Ankara Universitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi yayını, No:66, Ankara. (In Turkish) URL: http://kitaplar.ankara.edu.tr/dosyalar/pdf/313.pdf
  • Villa F, Borgonovo G, Cappitelli F, Giussani B, Bassoli A. 2012. Sub-lethal concentrations of Muscari comosum bulb extract suppress adhesion and induce detachment of sessile yeast cells. Biofoling 28(10):1107–1117. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2012.734811

Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın Spesifik Olmayan Savunma Mekanizması Üzerine Geofit Bitki Ekstraktının İmmunostimulant Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 36 - 41, 27.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.376404

Öz

Bu çalışmada amacımız, gökkuşağı alabalığının spesifik olmayan savunma
mekanizması üzerine geofit bitki ektraktının immunostimulant etkisinin
belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla geofit bir bitki olan M. comosum Muğla bölgesinden toplandı ve etanolde ekstrakte edildi.
Daha sonra farklı dozlarında (0,5 mg/balık ve 2,0 mg/balık) balıklara
intraperitonal olarak uygulandı. Balıklar ortalama 140 g ağırlığa sahipti.
Deneme süresince uygulamayı takiben 1, 7, 14, 21, 28. günlerde herbir gruptaki
balıktan kan ve serum örnekleri alınarak farklı parametreler (hematokrit
yüzdesi, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) pozitif nötrofil sayısı, toplam lökosit
sayısı, beyaz kan hücrelerinin yüzdesi ve serum lizozim aktivitesi) açısından
incelendi. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda NBT pozitif nötrofillerin sayısı, monosit ve
nötrofil yüzdeleri ve toplam lökosit sayısı 0,5 mg/balık dozunda injeksiyon
yapılan grupta kontrol grubuna kıyasla artış gösterdiği (P<0,05) belirlendi.  Bu nedenle gökkuşağı alabalığı
yetiştiriciliğinde spesifik olmayan immun sistemi uyarmak için bu dozdaki M. comosum’un kullanılması önerilebilir.
Ancak, bitki ekstraktının oral yolla yeme ilave edilerek balıklara uygulanması
ile immunostimulant etkisinin belirlenmesi için gelecekte yeni çalışmalara
ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aly SM, Mohamed MF. 2010. Echinacea purpurea and Allium sativum as immunostimulants in fish culture using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 94 (5), e31-e39 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00971.x
  • Anderson DP, Moritomo T, Grooth RD. 1992. Neutrophile, glass-adherent, nitroblue tetrazolium assay gives early indication of immunization effectiveness in rainbow trout. Vet. Immunol.Immunopathol.30(4):419-429. doi:10.1016/0165-2427(92)90110-C
  • Awad E, Awaad A. 2017. Role of medicinal plants on growth performance and immune status in fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 67(1):40-54. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.034
  • Awad E, Austin D, Lyndon AR. 2013. Effect of black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa) and nettle extract (Quercetin) on enhancement of immunity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture 388-391(1):193–197 doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.01.008
  • Baba E, Acar Ü, Öntaş C, Kesbiç OS, Yilmaz S. 2016. The use of Avena sativa extract against Aeromonas hydrophila and its effect on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 15 (2): 325-333. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2016.1185977
  • Baba E, Uluköy G, Mammadov R. 2014. Effects of Muscari comosum Extract on Nonspecific Immune Parameters in Gilthead Seabream, Sparus aurata (L. 1758). J World Aquacult. Soc. 45 (2): 173-182 doi: 10.1111/jwas.12100
  • Christybapita D, Divyagnaneswari M, Michael RD. 2007. Oral administration of Eclipta alba leaf aqueous extract enhances the non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 23(4):840-852 doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.03.010
  • Deivasigamani B, Subramanian V. 2016. Applications of Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 5(9): 447-453. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2016.509.048
  • Dügenci SK, Arda N, Candan A. 2003. Some medicinal plants as immunostimulant for fish. J Ethnopharmacol.88 (1), 99-106 doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00182-X
  • Engstad RE, Robertsen B, Frivold E. 1992. Yeast glucan induces increase in lysozyme and complement-mediated haemolytic activity in Atlantic salmon blood. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2 (4): 287-297 doi: 10.1016/S1050-4648(06)80033-1
  • Immanue G, Uma RP, Iyapparaj P, Citarasu T, Punitha Peter SM, Michael Babu M, Palavesam A. 2009. Dietary medicinal plant extracts improve growth, immune activity and survival of tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. J Fish Biol 74 (7): 1462-1475 doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02212.x
  • Lee TH, Qiu F, Waller GR, Chou CH. 2000. Three new flavonol galloylglycosides from leaves of Acacia confusa. J. Nat. Prod. 63(5): 710-712 doi: 10.1021/np990482w
  • Logambal SM, Venkatalakshmi S, Michael RD. 2000. Immunostimulatory effect of leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Hydrobiologia, 430 (1-3):113-120. doi: 10.1023/A:1004029332114
  • Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Menichini F. 2010. Chelating, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic potential of Muscari comosum (L.) Mill. bulb extracts. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 61(8):780-791. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2010.482521
  • Magnadottir B. 2006. Innate immunity of fish (Overview). Fish Shellfish Immunol. 20 (2): 137-151. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2004.09.006
  • Mehana EE, Rahmani AH, Aly SM. 2015. Immunostimulants and Fish Culture: An Overview. Annu Res Rev Biol. 5 (6):477-489 doi: 10.9734/ARRB/2015/9558
  • Nasrabadi, M, Halimi M, Nadaf M. 2013. Phytochemical screening and chemical composition of extract of Muscari neglectum. Middle-East J Sci Res 14(4):566–569. doi: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.14.4.71191
  • Pieroni, A, Janiak V, Durr CM, Ludeke S, Trachsel E, Heinrich M. 2002. In vitro antioxidant activity of non-cultivated vegetables of ethnic Albanians in southern Italy. Phytother. Res. 16 (5):467–473. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1243
  • Plumb, J. A., and Hanson, LA. 2011. Health Maintenance and Principal Microbial Diseases of Cultured Fishes. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9780470958353
  • Pratheepa V, Ramesh S, Sukumaran N. 2010. Immunomodulatory effect of Aegle marmelos leaf extract on freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio infected by bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Pharm. Biol.48 (11): 1224-1239 doi: 10.3109/13880201003713598
  • Schaperclaus W, Kulow H, Schreckenbach K. (1991) Hematological and serological technique. In: Fish Disease, Vol. 1, 2nd edn, ed. by V.S.Kothekar), pp. 71–108. Gulab primlani, Oxonian Press, New Delhi, India.
  • Steinhagen D, Kruse P, Körting W. 1990. Some heamatological observations on carp, Cyprinus carpio L. experimentally infected with Trypanoplasma borreli Laveron. J Fish Dis. 13(2) :157–162 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1990.tb00768.x
  • Sudhakaran DS, Srirekha P, Devasree LD, Premsingh S, Michael RD. 2006. Immunostimulatory effect of Tinospora cordifolia Miers leaf extract in Oreochromis mossambicus. Indian J Exp Biol. 44 (9):726-732 URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16999027
  • Sharma A, Deo AD, Riteshkumar ST, Chanu TI, Das A. 2010. Effect of Withania somnifera (L. Dunal) root as a feed additive on immunological parameters and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 29 (3):508-512 doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.05.005
  • Tanker M, Tanker N. 1991. Farmakognozi Cilt 1. Ankara Universitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi yayını, No:66, Ankara. (In Turkish) URL: http://kitaplar.ankara.edu.tr/dosyalar/pdf/313.pdf
  • Villa F, Borgonovo G, Cappitelli F, Giussani B, Bassoli A. 2012. Sub-lethal concentrations of Muscari comosum bulb extract suppress adhesion and induce detachment of sessile yeast cells. Biofoling 28(10):1107–1117. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2012.734811
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gülşen Uluköy 0000-0002-7759-4279

Ayşegül Kubilay 0000-0002-6043-2599

Behire Işıl Didinen 0000-0003-2628-1480

Seçil Metin 0000-0002-8029-5624

Soner Altun 0000-0001-9096-875X

Öznur Diler 0000-0003-0330-3448

Ramazan Mammadov 0000-0003-2218-5336

Arife Dulluç 0000-0003-3265-890X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Uluköy, G., Kubilay, A., Didinen, B. I., Metin, S., vd. (2018). Immunostimulant Effects of Geophyte Plant Extract on Non-specific Defence Mechanisms of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 4(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.376404