Investigation of the Effect of Different Sizes of Diatomite as Substrate Material on Ammonia Adsorption for Ornamental Fish Culture Practices
Öz
As a result of the study, where the effects of four different sizes of diatomite on water parameters were examined, it was determined that when the obtained findings were evaluated, it contributed positively to the optimum limits of ammonia values, which are extremely important in aquaculture. The investigation was conducted in 5 groups with 3 replications without fish and aeration. Plastic aquariums of each replication, in which the experiment was carried out, contained 500 ml of tap water, 0.5 g of fish feed (47.5% crude protein, 6.5% crude oil, 2% cellulose, 6% moisture), and 3 g of different-sized diatomites (excluding the control group). When the mean water parameter values at the end of the experiment were examined, no statistical difference was found in terms of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH values (P>0.05). On the other hand, the statistical differences between the groups in terms of NH4 and TAN values were found to be significant (P<0.05). When the ammonium values of the diatomite groups were compared with the control group, 25.27%, 28.62%, 31.82%, and 34.45% lower values were observed in the D1, D2, D3, and D4 groups, respectively. As a result, diatomites in different sizes did not alter important water parameters such as pH and dissolved oxygen while they displayed a positive effect on water parameters, of which excess amounts can be harmful, such as ammonia.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Cao, T., Xie, P., Ni, L., Wu, A.P., Zhang, M., Wu, S.K. & Smolders, A.J.P. (2007). The role of NH4+ toxicity in the decline of the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria natans in lakes of the Yangtze River basin, China. Mar. Freshw. Res. 58, 581–587. DOI: 10.1071/MF06090
- Chow C.W.K., Davey D.E. & Mulcahy D.E. (1997). An intelligent sensor system for the determination of ammonia using flow injection analysis. Lab Auto and Inf Manag., 33, 17-27.
- Emerson, K.R.C., Russo, R.E. & Thurston, R.V. (1975). Aqueous ammonia equilibrium calculations: effect of pH and temperature. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 32, 2379- 2383. (In: EPA, 1999. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Ammonia. United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-822-R: 99-104).
- EPA. (1999). Ambient water quality criteria for ammonia. United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-822-R: 99-104.
- Hlordzi, V., Kuebutornye, F.K.A., Afriyie, G., Abarike, E.D., Lu, Y., Chi, S. & Anokyewaa, M.A. (2020). The use of Bacillus species in maintenance of water quality in aquaculture: a review. – Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100503. DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100503
- Hu, Z., Zheng, S., Li, J., Zhang, S., Liu, M., Wang, Z., Li , J. & Sun, H. (2022). Pore structure and surface properties of diatomite with mechanical grinding and its influence on humidity control. Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process., 58(6), DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/153509
- Huang, J., Kankanamge, N.R.,Chow, C., Welsh, D.T.,Li, T. & Teasdale, P.R. (2017). Removing ammonium from water and wastewater using cost-effective adsorbents: A review. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 63, 174-197
- Ivanov, S.E. & Belyakov, A. V. (2008). Diatomite and its applications. Glass and Ceramics, 65(1-2). DOI: 10.1007/s10717-008-9005-6.
- Jorgensen, T.C. (2002). Removal Of Ammonia From Wastewater By Ion Exchange In The Presence Of Organic Compounds. A Thesıs Presented For The Degree Of Master Of Engineering In Chemical & Process Engineering, Department of Chemical & Process Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch, New Zealand, 174p.
- Kibria, G., Nugegoda, D., Fairclough, R. & Lam, P. (1997). The nutrient content and the release of nutrients from fish food and faeces. Hydrobiologia, 357, 165-171.
- Ortiz, I.A.S., Bastos, R.K.X., Lanna, E.A.T., Santana, F.F.V., Teixeira, T.C. & Matta, S.L.P. (2022). Evaluation of acute toxicity of ammonia in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia. Aquaculture Reports, 27, 101325. DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101325
- Medarevic, D., Losic, D. & Ibric, S. (2016). Diatoms – nature materials with great potential for bioapplications. Hemijska Industrija, 70(6), 613- 627. DOI: 10.2298/
- Noferesti, H., Sayyari-Zahan, M.H. & Moghadam, H.B. (2018). Investigating the role of diatomite admixing on the water absorption and retention capacity of the soil. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 8(3), 183-193.
- Öz, M., Şahin, D., Yılmaz, E. & Öz, Ü. (2022). The potential applicability of natural minerals as filter media for modulating water quality in aquatic ecosystems. Applied Ecology And Environmental Research 20(5), 4145-4155. DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2005_41454155.
- Prajapati, S. (2014). Cation exchange for ammonia removal from wastewater. Master of Science Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering.
- Purwono Rezagama, A., Hibbaan, M. & Budihardjo, M.A. (2017). Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N) and Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Equilibrium on The Process of Removing Nitrogen By Using Tubular Plastic Media. J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 8 (S), 4915-4922.
- Qi, Y., Wang, X. & Cheng, J.J. (2017). Preparation and characteristics of biosilica derived from marine diatom biomass of Nitzschia closterium and Thalassiosira. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 35(3), 668-680. DOI: 10.1007/s00343-017-5329-9
- Şahin, D., Öz, M., Sertaşı, E., Öz, Ü., Karslı, Z. & Aral, O. (2019). Adsorption process of ammonium by natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) from aqueous solution for aquaculture application. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 5(2), 136-141. DOI: 10.17216/limnofish.420380
- Yıldız, N. (2008). Diatomite: A New Substrate for Hydroponics. International Meeting on Soil Fertility Land Management and Agroclimatology. Turkey, 2008. p:527-536.
- YSI. (2007). YSI Professional plus user manual, 79p. Tokat, S. (2019). Gördes (Mmanisa) zeolit ocaklarının kimyasal bileşenlerinin xrf spektrometrik yöntem ile belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 88 p. (in Turkish).
- Zong, P., Makino, D., Pan, W., Yin, S., Sun, C., Zhang, P., Wan, C. & Koumoto, K. (2018). Converting natural diatomite into nanoporous silicon for eco- friendly thermoelectric energy conversion. Materials & Design, 154(15), 246-253. Doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.05.042.
Süs Balıkları Yetiştiriciliği Uygulamalarında Zemin Materyali Olarak Farklı Boyutlarda Diyatomitin Amonyak Tutmasına Etkisinin Araştırılması
Öz
Dört farklı boyuttaki diatomitin su parametreleri üzerine olan etkilerinin incelendiği çalışma neticesinde, elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde özellikle balıkçılık açısından son derece öneme sahip olan amonyak değerlerinin optimum sınırlarda olmasına olumlu katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Deneme, balık ve havalandırma olmayan 3 tekerrürlü 5 grup olarak düzenlenmiştir. Denemenin yürütüldüğü plastik akvaryumlarda her bir tekerrüre 500 ml çeşme suyu, 0.5 g (%47,5 ham protein, %6,5 ham yağ, %2 selüloz, %6 nem) ve 3’er g farklı boyutlardaki diatomitlerden (kontrol grubu hariç) konulmuştur. Denemenin sonundaki ortalama su parametre değerleri incelendiğinde su sıcaklığı, çözünmüş oksijen ve pH değerlerinde istatistiki olarak bir fark tespit edilmemiştir (P>0.05). NH4 ve TAN değerlerinde ise gruplar arasında istatistiki olarak belirlenen farkın önemli olduğu bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Diatomitli grupların amonyum değerleri kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında sırasıyla D1, D2, D3 ve D4 gruplarında %25.27, %28.62, %31.82 ve %34.45 oranında daha düşük değerlerde olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak farklı boyutlardaki diatomitler; pH ve çözünmüş oksijen gibi önemli su parametrelerine olumsuz bir etki yapmamış, fazla miktarları zararlı olabilecek amonyak gibi su parametreleri üzerine olumlu yönde etki göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Cao, T., Xie, P., Ni, L., Wu, A.P., Zhang, M., Wu, S.K. & Smolders, A.J.P. (2007). The role of NH4+ toxicity in the decline of the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria natans in lakes of the Yangtze River basin, China. Mar. Freshw. Res. 58, 581–587. DOI: 10.1071/MF06090
- Chow C.W.K., Davey D.E. & Mulcahy D.E. (1997). An intelligent sensor system for the determination of ammonia using flow injection analysis. Lab Auto and Inf Manag., 33, 17-27.
- Emerson, K.R.C., Russo, R.E. & Thurston, R.V. (1975). Aqueous ammonia equilibrium calculations: effect of pH and temperature. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 32, 2379- 2383. (In: EPA, 1999. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Ammonia. United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-822-R: 99-104).
- EPA. (1999). Ambient water quality criteria for ammonia. United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-822-R: 99-104.
- Hlordzi, V., Kuebutornye, F.K.A., Afriyie, G., Abarike, E.D., Lu, Y., Chi, S. & Anokyewaa, M.A. (2020). The use of Bacillus species in maintenance of water quality in aquaculture: a review. – Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100503. DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100503
- Hu, Z., Zheng, S., Li, J., Zhang, S., Liu, M., Wang, Z., Li , J. & Sun, H. (2022). Pore structure and surface properties of diatomite with mechanical grinding and its influence on humidity control. Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process., 58(6), DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/153509
- Huang, J., Kankanamge, N.R.,Chow, C., Welsh, D.T.,Li, T. & Teasdale, P.R. (2017). Removing ammonium from water and wastewater using cost-effective adsorbents: A review. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 63, 174-197
- Ivanov, S.E. & Belyakov, A. V. (2008). Diatomite and its applications. Glass and Ceramics, 65(1-2). DOI: 10.1007/s10717-008-9005-6.
- Jorgensen, T.C. (2002). Removal Of Ammonia From Wastewater By Ion Exchange In The Presence Of Organic Compounds. A Thesıs Presented For The Degree Of Master Of Engineering In Chemical & Process Engineering, Department of Chemical & Process Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch, New Zealand, 174p.
- Kibria, G., Nugegoda, D., Fairclough, R. & Lam, P. (1997). The nutrient content and the release of nutrients from fish food and faeces. Hydrobiologia, 357, 165-171.
- Ortiz, I.A.S., Bastos, R.K.X., Lanna, E.A.T., Santana, F.F.V., Teixeira, T.C. & Matta, S.L.P. (2022). Evaluation of acute toxicity of ammonia in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia. Aquaculture Reports, 27, 101325. DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101325
- Medarevic, D., Losic, D. & Ibric, S. (2016). Diatoms – nature materials with great potential for bioapplications. Hemijska Industrija, 70(6), 613- 627. DOI: 10.2298/
- Noferesti, H., Sayyari-Zahan, M.H. & Moghadam, H.B. (2018). Investigating the role of diatomite admixing on the water absorption and retention capacity of the soil. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 8(3), 183-193.
- Öz, M., Şahin, D., Yılmaz, E. & Öz, Ü. (2022). The potential applicability of natural minerals as filter media for modulating water quality in aquatic ecosystems. Applied Ecology And Environmental Research 20(5), 4145-4155. DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2005_41454155.
- Prajapati, S. (2014). Cation exchange for ammonia removal from wastewater. Master of Science Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering.
- Purwono Rezagama, A., Hibbaan, M. & Budihardjo, M.A. (2017). Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N) and Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4+-N) Equilibrium on The Process of Removing Nitrogen By Using Tubular Plastic Media. J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 8 (S), 4915-4922.
- Qi, Y., Wang, X. & Cheng, J.J. (2017). Preparation and characteristics of biosilica derived from marine diatom biomass of Nitzschia closterium and Thalassiosira. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 35(3), 668-680. DOI: 10.1007/s00343-017-5329-9
- Şahin, D., Öz, M., Sertaşı, E., Öz, Ü., Karslı, Z. & Aral, O. (2019). Adsorption process of ammonium by natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) from aqueous solution for aquaculture application. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 5(2), 136-141. DOI: 10.17216/limnofish.420380
- Yıldız, N. (2008). Diatomite: A New Substrate for Hydroponics. International Meeting on Soil Fertility Land Management and Agroclimatology. Turkey, 2008. p:527-536.
- YSI. (2007). YSI Professional plus user manual, 79p. Tokat, S. (2019). Gördes (Mmanisa) zeolit ocaklarının kimyasal bileşenlerinin xrf spektrometrik yöntem ile belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 88 p. (in Turkish).
- Zong, P., Makino, D., Pan, W., Yin, S., Sun, C., Zhang, P., Wan, C. & Koumoto, K. (2018). Converting natural diatomite into nanoporous silicon for eco- friendly thermoelectric energy conversion. Materials & Design, 154(15), 246-253. Doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.05.042.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Balık Yetiştiriciliği |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 15 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Eylül 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 12 Haziran 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 7 Ağustos 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3 |
Cited By
Strategy to remove ammonium compounds released from fish feed in aquaculture using natural filtration materials
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12351-5
