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Türkiye'nin Batı Akdeniz Havzası'ndaki bir sulak alan sisteminin balık çeşitliliği ve topluluk yapısı: Koca Göl (Dalaman)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 4, 235 - 243, 15.12.2023

Nehir Kaymak Yılmaz Emre Nesrin Emre Şenol Akın

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.4.01

Öz

Türkiye’nin Batı Akdeniz havzasında bir sulak alan olan Koca Göl, tuzlu, tatlı ve kükürtlü suları ile sıradışı bir sistem olup, yüksek biyolojik çeşitliliğe ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bu çalışma, balık topluluklarındaki mekansal ve mevsimsel değişimi incelemekte ve çevresel parametrelerin Koca Gölü'nün balık toplulukları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada yedi familya ve 11 türü (2 yabancı, 1 taşınmış ve 8 yerli tür) temsil eden toplam 1.530 örnek yakalanmıştır. Toplam balık bolluğu ve zenginliği littoral bölgede limnetik bölgeye göre daha yüksek bulunmuş, ancak mevsimsel bir değişiklik göstermemiştir. Yabancı balık türlerinden, Coptodon zillii, littoral bölgede en bol bulunan türdür ve bunu Mugilidae’ye ait türler izlemiştir. İki endemik balık türünün (Capoeta aydinensis ve Ladigesocypris irideus) bolluğu her iki habitatta da nispeten düşük bulunmuştur. Shannon-Wiener çeşitlilik indeksi ve düzgünlüğü mevsimsel ve mekansal farklılık göstermemiştir. Balık bolluğu ve zenginliği, klorofil-a ve makrofit kapatıcılığı ile anlamlı ve pozitif bir şekilde ilişkiliyken, derinlik ile negatif bir şekilde ilişkilidir. Spearmen Korelasyon analizi, yerli balık türlerinin suyun kimyasal parametreleri ile ilişki olduğunu, C. zillii'nin ise derinlik ve makrofit yoğunluğuna bağlı bir dağılım gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu sulak alanda hem antropojenik faaliyetler hem de yabancı balıkların varlığı, endemik balıkların dağılımını ve bolluğunu etkilemiş olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balık biyoçeşitliliği mevsimsel varyasyon topluluk yapısı çevresel parametreler yabancı balıklar Koca Göl

Proje Numarası

FBA-2018-4171

Kaynakça

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Fish diversity and community structure of a wetland system of the western Mediterranean Basin of Türkiye: Lake Koca (Dalaman)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 4, 235 - 243, 15.12.2023

Nehir Kaymak Yılmaz Emre Nesrin Emre Şenol Akın

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.4.01

Öz

Lake Koca (Dalaman), a wetland in the western Mediterranean basin of Türkiye, is an extraordinary lake with salty, fresh, and sulfurous waters and is home to high biodiversity. The present study examines the spatial and seasonal variation in fish communities and assesses the influence of environmental parameters on the community structure of Lake Koca. A total of 1.530 specimens were captured, representing seven families and 11 species (2 non-native, 1 introduced, and 8 native species). Total fish abundance and richness were higher at the littoral than at the limnetic zone, but no seasonal variation was observed. Non-native fish species, Coptodon zillii, was the most abundant in the littoral zone, followed by species of Mugilidae. The abundance of the two endemic fish species (Capoeta aydinensis and Ladigesocypris irideus) was relatively low in both habitats. Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness did not vary seasonally and spatially. Fish abundance and richness were significantly and positively correlated with chlorophyll-a and macrophyte coverage while negatively correlated with depth. Spearmen’s Correlation analysis revealed that native fish species show a relationship with the chemical parameters of the water, while C. zillii showed a distribution related to depth and macrophyte density. Both anthropogenic activities and the presence of non-native fish may affect the distribution and abundance of endemic fishes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fish biodiversity seasonal variation assemblage structure environmental parameters non-native fish Lake Koca

Etik Beyan

Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University (Date: 19.07.2018 / Approval Number: 93773921).

Destekleyen Kurum

Akdeniz University Research Fund (Project Number: FBA-2018-4171)

Proje Numarası

FBA-2018-4171

Teşekkür

This study was supported by the Akdeniz University Research Fund (Project Number: FBA-2018-4171). We would like to thank Cihan Toslak for his actual contribution (fish sampling in the field) during the field study of this project. We also thank F. Banu Yalım for her help during the field study of this project.

Kaynakça

  • Akbaş, F., Tarkan, A.S., Top, N., & Karakuş, U. (2019). Some biological characteristics, habitat requirements and implications for conservation of endemic freshwater fish Capoeta aydinensis (Turan, Küçük, Kaya, Güçlü Bektaş, 2017) in Tersakan stream (Muğla). Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections, 3(2), 43 52. https://doi.org/10.26650/tjbc.20190009
  • Akın, S., Winemiller, K.O., & Gelwick, F.P. (2003). Seasonal and spatial variations in fish and macrocrustacean assemblage structure in Mad Island Marsh estuary, Texas. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 57 (1-2), 269-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00354-2
  • Akın, S., Buhan, E., Winemiller, K.O., & Yilmaz, H. (2005). Fish assemblage structure of Koycegiz Lagoon–Estuary, Türkiye: Spatial and temporal distribution patterns in relation to environmental variation. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 64(4), 671 684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.03.019
  • Atalay, M.A., Kirankaya, Ş. G., & Ekmekçi, F.G. (2017). The current status of gibel carp and sand smelt in Turkey’s inland fisheries. Aquaculture Studies, 17, 41-57. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581
  • Ayaz, S., Erdoğan, N., Beşiktaş, M., Aytış, E.A., Dereli, E.M., Aynur, S., Dilaver, M., Haksevenler, B.H.G., Uyusut, B., Dogan, Ö., Aydöner, C., Sarıkaya, O., & Akkaya, Ö. (2013). Preparation of Basin Protection Action Plans Project Western Mediterranean Basin. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SYGM/Belgeler/havza%20koruma%20eylem%20planlar%C4%B1/Bati_Akdeniz_web.pdf (in Turkish)
  • Balık, S., Mater, S., & Ustaoğlu, M.R. (1992). Mullet Fish and Breeding Techniques. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Affairs, Bodrum Fisheries Research Institute Directorate Series A Publication No. 6. (in Turkish)
  • Balık, I., Karaşahin, B., Özkök, R., Çubuk, H., & Uysal, R. (2003). Diet of silver crucian carp Carasssius gibelio in Lake Eğirdir. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 3(2), 87-91.
  • Barbour, M.G., Rejmánek, D.M., Johnson, A.F., Pavlik, B.M. (1987). Beach vegetation and plant distribution patterns along the northern Gulf of Mexico. Phytocoenologia, 15: 201–233.
  • Bhagat, Y., & Ruetz, III C. R. (2011). Temporal and fine-scale spatial variation in fish assemblage structure in a drowned river mouth system of Lake Michigan. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 140(6), 1429-1440. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.630278
  • Boglione, C., Costa, C., Giganti, M., Cecchetti, M., Di Dato, P., Scardi, M., & Cataudella, S. (2006). Biological monitoring of wild thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus), golden grey mullet (Liza aurata), thinlip mullet (Liza ramada) and flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) (Pisces: Mugilidae) from different Adriatic sites: meristic counts and skeletal anomalies. Ecological indicators, 6(4), 712 732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2005.08.032
  • Cardona, L. (2006). Habitat selection by grey mullets (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) in Mediterranean Estuaries: The role of salinity. Scientia Marina, 70(3) ,443-455. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2006.70n3443
  • Carey, M.P., Maloney, K.O., Chipps, S.R., & Wahl, D.H. (2010). Effects of littoral habitat complexity and sunfish composition on fish production. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 19(3) 466 476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00433.x
  • Cheng, L., Lek, S., Lek-Ang, S., & Li, Z. (2012). Predicting fish assemblages and diversity in shallow lakes in the Yangtze River basin. Limnologica, 42(2), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2011.09.007
  • Cvetkovic, M., Wei, A.H., & Chow-Fraser, P. (2010). Relative importance of macrophyte community versus water quality variables for predicting fish assemblages in coastal wetlands of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 36, 64 73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.10.003
  • Çınar, I., & Ardahanlıoğlu, Z.R. (2015). Nature Conservation and Fethiye-Göcek Special Environmental Protection Area. Sonçağ Yayıncılık Matbaacılık, Ankara.
  • Çoban, G. (2018). The investigation of the life-history traits of invasive fish species, Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848), from Köyceği̇z Lake. MSc Thesis, Düzce University, Düzce, Türkiye.
  • Dias, R.M., da Silva, J.C.B., Gomes, L.C., & Agostinho, A.A. (2017). Effects of macrophyte complexity and hydrometric level on fish assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 100, 703-716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0597-y
  • Dustin, D.L., & Vondracek, B. (2017). Nearshore Habitat and fish assemblages along a gradient of shoreline development. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 37, 432-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1280567
  • Fitzgerald, D.B., Winemiller, K.O., Sabaj Perez, M.H., & Sousa, L.M. (2017). Seasonal changes in the assembly mechanisms structuring tropical fish communities. Ecology, 98, 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1616
  • Franco, A., Franzoi, P., & Torricelli, P. (2008). Structure and functioning of Mediterranean lagoon fish assemblages: a key for the identification of water body types. Estuarine, coastal and shelf science, 79(3): 549-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2008.05.011
  • Freyhof, J. (2014). Ladigesocypris irideus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T61266A19009700. https://www.iucnredlist.org/
  • Giosa, M.D., Czerniejewski, P., & Rybczyk, A. (2014). Seasonal changes in condition factor and weight-length relationship of invasive Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) from Leszczynskie Lakeland, Poland. Advances in Zoology, 7, 678763. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/678763
  • Güçlü, S.S., Küçük, F., Ertan, Ö.O., & Güçlü, Z. (2013). The fish fauna of the Büyük Menderes River (Turkey): Taxonomic and zoogeographic features. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13(4), 685-698. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_14
  • Güçlü, S.S., Küçük, F., Çetinkaya, O., & Yıldırım, U.G. (2020). The fish fauna of Dalaman River (Turkey): Taxonomic and zoogeographic features. In M. Doğan, E. Atay (Eds.), International Eurasian Conference on Biological and Chemical Sciences, 19-20 Mart 2020, Ankara-Türkiye Proceeding Book, 201 s.
  • Gül, A., Yilmaz, M., Kuşçu, A., & Benzer, S. (2010). Feeding properties of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L, 1758) living in Hirfanli Dam Lake. Kastamonu Education Journal, 18, 545-556.
  • Grubh, A.R., & Winemiller, K.O. (2018). Spatiotemporal variation in wetland fish assemblages in the Western Ghats region of India. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 419, 35. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2018023
  • Gu, D.E., Mu, X.D., Xu, M., Luo, D.Q., Wei, H., Li, Y.Y., Zhu, Y., Luo, J.R., & Hu, Y. (2016). Identification of wild tilapia species in the main rivers of South China using mitochondrial control region sequence and morphology. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 65, 100e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.007
  • Jin, B.S., Winemiller, K.O., Shao, B., Si, J.K., Jin, J.F., & Ge, G. (2019). Fish assemblage structure in relation to seasonal environmental variation in sub-lakes of the Poyang Lake Floodplain, China. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 26, 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12333
  • Kıraç, C.O., & Suseven, B. (2021). Dalaman Plain. https://www.dogadernegi.org/wp content/uploads/2018/11/akd003 dalaman-ovasi-onemli-doga-alanlari-kitabi.pdf (in Turkish)
  • Kottelat, M., & Freyhof, J. (2007). Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Kottelat Publication, xiv+646 p., Switzerland.
  • Krebs, C.J. (1998). Ecological Methodology. 2nd edition. Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, California.
  • Lewin, W.C., Okun, N., & Mehner, T. (2004). Determinants of the distribution of juvenile fish in the littoral area of a shallow lake. Freshwater Biology, 49, 410–424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01193.x
  • Marin Avendaño, C.M., & Aguirre Ramírez, N.J. (2017). Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblage associated with aquatic macrophyte patches in the littoral zone of the Ayapel Swamp Complex, Colombia. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 29, e3. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X6016
  • Matern, S., Klefoth, T., Wolter, C., & Arlinghaus, R. (2021). Environmental determinants of fish abundance in the littoral zone of gravel pit lakes. Hydrobiologia, 848, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04563-4
  • Menhinick, E.F. (1964). A comparison of some species individual diversity indices applied to samples of field insects. Ecology, 45, 839-861. https://doi.org/10.2307/1934933
  • Muus, B.J., & Nielsen, J.G. (1999). Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p.
  • Nico, L., Neilson, M., & Loftus, B. (2014). Tilapia zillii. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, Florida. http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=485
  • Nsor, C.A., & Obodai, E.A. (2016). Environmental determinants influencing fish community structure and diversity in two distinct seasons among wetlands of northern region (Ghana). International Journal of Ecology, 10, 1598701. https://doi.org/110.1155/2016/1598701
  • Özuluğ, M., & Freyhof, J. (2011). Revision of the Genus Squalius in Western and Central Anatolia, with description of four new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 22(2), 107-148.
  • Pelicice, F.M., Thomaz, S.M., & Agostinho, A.A. (2008). Simple relationships to predict attributes of fish assemblages in patches of submerged macrophytes. Neotropical Ichthyology, 6(4), 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252008000400001
  • Pielou, E.C. (1966). Species diversity and pattern diversity in the study of ecological succession. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 10, 370–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(66)90133-0
  • Rangely, J., de Barros, M.S., Albuquerque-Tenório, M.D., Medeiros, R., Ladle, R.J., & Fabré, N.N. (2023). Assessing interspecific variation in life-history traits of three sympatric tropical mullets using age, growth and otolith allometry. Fisheries Research, 260, 106577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106577
  • Scapin, L., Zucchetta, M., Sfriso, A., & Franzoi, P. (2018). Local habitat and seascape structure influence seagrass fish assemblages in the Venice Lagoon: The Importance of conservation at multiple spatial scales. Estuaries and Coasts, 41, 2410-2425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0434-3
  • Silva, T. S., Melack, J. M., & Novo, E. M. (2013). Responses of aquatic macrophyte cover and productivity to flooding variability on the Amazon floodplain. Global change biology. 19(11), 3379-3389. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12308
  • Şahin, S. (2019a). What can be done for fisheries and tourism? https://guneyege.net/balikcilik-ve-turizm-icin-neler-yapilabilir/ (in Turkish)
  • Şahin, S. (2019b). Muğla's largest lakes, 4 lagoons are dying. https://guneyege.net/muglanin-en-buyuk-golleri-olan-4-adet-lagunleri-oluyor/ (in Turkish)
  • Tarkan, A.S., Marr, S.M., & Ekmekçi, F.G. (2015). Non-native and translocated freshwater fish species in Turkey. FiSHMED. 003, 28 p. https://doi.org/10.29094/FiSHMED.2015.003
  • Thomaz, S.M., & Cunha, E.R. (2010). The role of macrophytes in habitat structuring in aquatic ecosystems: methods of measurement, causes and consequences on animal assemblages’ composition and biodiversity. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 22(2), 218-236. https://doi.org/10.4322/actalb.02202011
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  • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2014). https://cupdf.com/document/redbelly-tilapia-tilapia-zillii.html?page=1 Wildlife Service
  • Westrelin, S., Roy, R., Tissot-Rey, L., Berge`s, L., & Argillier, C. (2018). Habitat use and preference of adult perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in a deep reservoir: variations with seasons, water levels and individuals. Hydrobiologia, 809, 121–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3454-2
  • Wetzel, R.G., & Likens, G.E. (1991) Composition and Biomass of Phytoplankton. In R.G. Wetzel, G.E. Likens (Eds.), Limnological Analyses. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4098-1_10
  • Winemiller, K.O., Tarim, S., Shormann, D., & Cotner, J.B. (2000). Fish assemblage structure in relation to environmental variation among Brazos River oxbow lakes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 129, 451 468. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548 8659(2000)129%3C0451:FASIRT%3E2.0.CO;2
  • Yılmaz, F., Barlas, M., Yorulmaz, B., & Özdemir, N. (2006). A Taxonomical study on the inland water fishes of Muğla. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, (1-2), 27–30.
  • Yılmaz, F., Yorulmaz, B., & Giannetto, D. (2015). Threatened fishes of the world: Ladigesocypris irideus (Ladiges, 1960) (Cyprinidae). Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 177-180. https://doi.org/10.14798/73.3.830
  • Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, L., Wu, Z., Zhu, S., Li, J., & Li, X. (2020). Site fidelity, habitat use, and movement patterns of the common carp during its breeding season in the Pearl River as determined by acoustic telemetry. Water, 12(8), 2233. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082233
  • Ziegler, J. P., Solomon, C. T., Finney, B. P., & Gregory-Eaves, I. (2015). Macrophyte biomass predicts food chain length in shallow lakes. Ecosphere, 6(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00158.1
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Tatlı Su Ekolojisi, Ekoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nehir Kaymak 0000-0002-9970-4467

Yılmaz Emre 0000-0003-4793-2262

Nesrin Emre 0000-0001-9047-1823

Şenol Akın 0000-0002-3851-4360

Proje Numarası FBA-2018-4171
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 8 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023Cilt: 40 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaymak, N., Emre, Y., Emre, N., Akın, Ş. (2023). Fish diversity and community structure of a wetland system of the western Mediterranean Basin of Türkiye: Lake Koca (Dalaman). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40(4), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.4.01