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Karabalık Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)’un Türkiye’deki Doğal ve Doğal Olmayan Dağılımı

Yıl 2016, , 173 - 177, 23.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.280413

Öz

Karabalık Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822),
Güney Afrika, ve Orta Doğu’da geniş bir dağılım gösteren bir tatlısu türüdür. C. gariepinus, doğal göllerde,
havuzlarda, akarsularda hem sığ hem de derin bölgelerde doğal yaşam alanlarına
sahiptir. C. gariepinus’un Türkiye’deki
doğal yayılım alanları Asi, Seyhan, Ceyhan ve Göksu nehirleridir. Daha
sonraları bu türün DSI tarafından Aksu Nehri’ne aşılandığı rapor edilmiştir.
Karabalık, Türkiye’de gerek avcılık gerekse yetiştiricilik açısından ekonomik
bir değere sahiptir. Yetiştiricilik amaçlı Türkiye’nin kuzey bölgesine
götürülen Karabalık Sakarya Nehri’nde (Eskişehir) zamanla doğal bir populasyon
oluşturmuştur. C. gariepinus, çeşitlilik,
bioması azaltarak makro omurgasız kommünitesi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye neden
olmaktadır.
C. gariepinus’un mide içeriği incelendiğinde başlıca balık, Arthropoda ve Mollusca ile beslendiği, bitkisel
materyalinde çok fazla tüketildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle C. gariepinus, giriş yaptığı göl, gölet
ve nehirlerdeki yerli türlerle besin rekabetine girebilir ve bu da zamanla
yerli balık popülasyonları üzerinde geri dönüşü olmayan değişikliklere ve
türlerin kaybına neden olabilir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki tatlısu
kaynaklarında yaşayan C. gariepinus’un
dağılımı ve yönetimi hakkında yapılmış olan çalışmalar, raporlar ve veriler
değerlendirilmiştir

Kaynakça

  • Alagöz S. 2005. Determination of Ichthyofauna in the Seyhan Dam Lake (Adana) [Master's Thesis]. University of Çukurova, Adana, 85 pp. [in Turkish]
  • Amin M N, Ali M Y, Salequzzaman M. 2009. “Identification and impact analysis of invasive species: A case study in the Mongla sea port area of Bagerhat district of Bengladesh.” Daffodil International University J. Sci. and Technol. 4: 35–41.
  • Balık S. 1988. The zoogeographical and systematical on freshwater fish in Mediterrenaen region in Turkey, Doğa T. Zool. Der., 12 (2):156-179. [in Turkish]
  • Booth A J, Traas G R L, Weyl O L F. 2010. “Adult African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, population dynamics in a small invaded warm-temperate impoundment.” Afr Zool. 45: 299–308.
  • Bruton M. 1979. “The food and feeding behaviour of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae) in Lake Sibaya, South Africa, with emphasis on its role as a predator of cichlids.” The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35(1): 47–114. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb00057.x
  • Copp G H, Godard M J, Russell I C, Peeler E J, Gherardi F, Tricarico E, Miossec L, Goulletquer P, Almeida D, Britton J R, Vilizzi L, Mumford J, Williams C, Reading A, Rees E M A, Merino‐Aguirre R. 2014. A Preliminary Evaluation of the European Non-Native Species in Aquaculture Risk Assessment Scheme Applied to Species Listed on Annex IV of the EU Alien Species Regulation. Fish Manag Ecol. 23(1):12-20. doi: 10.1111/fme.12076
  • De Graaf G, Galemoni F, Banzoussi B. 1995. “The artificial reproduction and fingerling production of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in protected and unprotected ponds.” Aquac Res. 26: 233–242.
  • Emiroglu O. 2011. “Alien fish species in upper Sakarya River and their distribution.” Afr J Biotechnol. 10(73): 16674–16681.
  • Erençin Z. 1978. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesinin Çifteler Sakaryabaşı'ndaki Yeni Uygulama İstasyonunda Kültür Balıkçılığı Yönünden Önemli Ilımlı Balıklarının Yetiştirilmesi Olanakları Üzerinde Görüşler, Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 2(25): 307-314.
  • Geldiay R, Balik S. 1988. Freshwater Fishes of Turkey. I. Edition. Ege University Publications, No: 97, Izmir, Turkey. 520p. [in Turkish]
  • Kara C, Alp A, Erer M. 2004. Distribution of Fish Fauna on Upper and Middle River Basin in Ceyhan Region, University of Kahramanmaraş Sütcü Imam, Presidency of Research Projects and The Management Unit, Kahramanmaraş, 2004. [in Turkish],13
  • Kaya F. 2009. Karyology of some economically important fishes living in the Göksu River. Phd Thesıs Unıverstıy of Mersin, Mersin, 118 pp. [in Turkish],12
  • Khan M F, Panikkar P. 2009. “Assessment of impacts of invasive fishes on the food web structure and ecosystem properties of a tropical reservoir in India.” Ecol. Model. 220: 2281–2290.
  • Küçük F, Ikiz R. 2004. “Fish fauna of streams discharging to the Antalya Bay.” Turkish J Aqua Sci. 21(3-4): 287–294.
  • Küçük F, Gümüş E, Gülle I, Güçlü S S. 2007. “The Fish Fauna of the Goksu River (Türkiye) Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Features.” Turk J Fish Aquat Sci. 7: 53–63.
  • Lal K K, Singh R K, Mohindra V, Singh B, Ponniah A G. 2003. “Genetic makeup of exotic catfish, Clarias gariepinus in India.” Asian Fish. Sci. 16: 229–234.
  • Mwebaza-Ndawula L. 1984. “Food and feeding habits of Clarias mossambicus from four areas in the Lake Victoria basin, East Africa.” Env. Biol. Fish. 10:69–76. doi: 10.1007/BF00001663
  • Na-Nakorn U. 1999. Genetic factors in fish production. A case study of the catfish, Clarias, pp. 175–187. In: Mustafa, S. (ed.). Genetics in Sustainable Fisheries Management. Fishing News Books, Malden MA.
  • Ozcan G. 2013. A contribution to knowledge of the freshwater fish of Orontes River, Hatay, Turkey. Proc Int Acad Ecol Environ Sci., 3(2), 143-147.
  • Ozcan G, Altun A. 2015. Ichthyofauna and Its Conservation Status of Büyük Karaçay Stream, Hatay, Turkey, Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 73, 63-66.
  • Peh K S.H. 2010. “Invasive species in south East Asia: The knowledge so far.” Biodivers. Conserv. 19: 1083-1099.
  • Rabelo LB, Soares L S H. 2014. “Feeding interaction of the non-native african catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Itanhém River Estuary, Bahia, Brazil.” Braz. J. Oceanogr. 62(3): 179–186.
  • Tarkan A S, Ekmekçi FG, Vilizzi L, Copp G H. 2014. Risk screening of non‐native freshwater fishes at the frontier between Asia and Europe: first application in Turkey of the fish invasiveness screening kit. J Appl Ichthyol. 30(2), 392-398.
  • Teugels G G. 1986. “A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae).” Koninklijk Museum Voor Midden-Africa Tervuren, Belgie. Zool. Weten.-Ann. 247: 35–41
  • Teugels G G. 1996. “Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of catfishes (Ostariophysi, Siluroidei): an overview.” Aquat. Living Resour. 9: 9–34.
  • Turan C, Yalcin S, Turan F, Okur E, Akyurt I. 2005. “Morphometric comparisons of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, populations in Turkey.” Folia Zool. 54: 165–172.
  • Turan F, Gürağac R. 2014. “Induction of triploidy with caffeine treatment in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).” Iran J Fish Sci. 13(4): 1014–1020.
  • Verreth J, Eding EH, Rao GRM, Huskens F, Segner H. 1993. “A review of feeding practices, growth and nutritional physiology in larvae of the catfishes Clarias gariepinus and Clarias batrachus.” J World Aquacult Soc. 24: 135–144. doi: 10.1111/j.1749- 7345.1993.tb00002.x
  • Vitule J R, Umbria S C, Aranha J M R. 2006. “Introduction of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) into Southern Brazil.” Biol. Invasions. 8:677–681. doi: 10.1007/s10530-005-2535-8
  • Yalçın S, Akyurt I, Solak K. 2001a. “Stomach contents of the catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the River Asi (Turkey).” Turk J Zool. 25: 461–468.
  • Yalçın S, Akyurt I, Solak K. 2001b. “Certain reproductive characteristics of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) living in the River Asi, (Turkey).” Turk J Zool. 25: 453–460.
  • Yeşilbudak B, Duran S, Tunçsoy M, Erdem C. 2013. Some Morphometric Properties of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Population in Aslantaş Dam Lake (Osmaniye), J Aquacult Eng Fish Res., 9(2): 1-7.

Natural and Non-natural distribution of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Turkey

Yıl 2016, , 173 - 177, 23.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.280413

Öz

African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) is a
widespread freshwater species found in the Middle East, and throughout Central
and South Africa. C. gariepinus, inhabits natural lakes, fishponds,
streams, and natural ponds in both deep and shallow waters.
C. gariepinus is naturally found in the Asi, Seyhan, Ceyhan, Goksu Rivers. It was
reported that C. gariepinus was translocated to the Aksu River by General
Directorate of State Hydraulic Works.
African catfish has
increasing commercial importance in fisheries and aquaculture in Turkey. A
recently introduced population of C. gariepinus has established in the
Sakarya River (Eskişehir) due to aquaculture purposes in the north part of the
Turkey. C. gariepinus introduction has negative effects on macro
invertebrate community that was reflected by decrease in diversity, richness
and biomass. There is also community-level impact of introduction that results
variation in macro invertebrate composition in the rivers.  Stomach contents of C. gariepinus
basically rely on Pisces, Arthropod, Mollusca and plant materials to a
considerable extent. Therefore, introduction of C. gariepinus in dams,
rivers and lakes can cause food competitions with native fish and make
irreversible changes in the fish community and cause loses of native fish.
The present paper reviews published literature,
reports and working papers about distribution and management of C.
gariepinus
in Turkey’s reservoirs. 

Kaynakça

  • Alagöz S. 2005. Determination of Ichthyofauna in the Seyhan Dam Lake (Adana) [Master's Thesis]. University of Çukurova, Adana, 85 pp. [in Turkish]
  • Amin M N, Ali M Y, Salequzzaman M. 2009. “Identification and impact analysis of invasive species: A case study in the Mongla sea port area of Bagerhat district of Bengladesh.” Daffodil International University J. Sci. and Technol. 4: 35–41.
  • Balık S. 1988. The zoogeographical and systematical on freshwater fish in Mediterrenaen region in Turkey, Doğa T. Zool. Der., 12 (2):156-179. [in Turkish]
  • Booth A J, Traas G R L, Weyl O L F. 2010. “Adult African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, population dynamics in a small invaded warm-temperate impoundment.” Afr Zool. 45: 299–308.
  • Bruton M. 1979. “The food and feeding behaviour of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae) in Lake Sibaya, South Africa, with emphasis on its role as a predator of cichlids.” The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35(1): 47–114. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb00057.x
  • Copp G H, Godard M J, Russell I C, Peeler E J, Gherardi F, Tricarico E, Miossec L, Goulletquer P, Almeida D, Britton J R, Vilizzi L, Mumford J, Williams C, Reading A, Rees E M A, Merino‐Aguirre R. 2014. A Preliminary Evaluation of the European Non-Native Species in Aquaculture Risk Assessment Scheme Applied to Species Listed on Annex IV of the EU Alien Species Regulation. Fish Manag Ecol. 23(1):12-20. doi: 10.1111/fme.12076
  • De Graaf G, Galemoni F, Banzoussi B. 1995. “The artificial reproduction and fingerling production of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in protected and unprotected ponds.” Aquac Res. 26: 233–242.
  • Emiroglu O. 2011. “Alien fish species in upper Sakarya River and their distribution.” Afr J Biotechnol. 10(73): 16674–16681.
  • Erençin Z. 1978. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesinin Çifteler Sakaryabaşı'ndaki Yeni Uygulama İstasyonunda Kültür Balıkçılığı Yönünden Önemli Ilımlı Balıklarının Yetiştirilmesi Olanakları Üzerinde Görüşler, Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 2(25): 307-314.
  • Geldiay R, Balik S. 1988. Freshwater Fishes of Turkey. I. Edition. Ege University Publications, No: 97, Izmir, Turkey. 520p. [in Turkish]
  • Kara C, Alp A, Erer M. 2004. Distribution of Fish Fauna on Upper and Middle River Basin in Ceyhan Region, University of Kahramanmaraş Sütcü Imam, Presidency of Research Projects and The Management Unit, Kahramanmaraş, 2004. [in Turkish],13
  • Kaya F. 2009. Karyology of some economically important fishes living in the Göksu River. Phd Thesıs Unıverstıy of Mersin, Mersin, 118 pp. [in Turkish],12
  • Khan M F, Panikkar P. 2009. “Assessment of impacts of invasive fishes on the food web structure and ecosystem properties of a tropical reservoir in India.” Ecol. Model. 220: 2281–2290.
  • Küçük F, Ikiz R. 2004. “Fish fauna of streams discharging to the Antalya Bay.” Turkish J Aqua Sci. 21(3-4): 287–294.
  • Küçük F, Gümüş E, Gülle I, Güçlü S S. 2007. “The Fish Fauna of the Goksu River (Türkiye) Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Features.” Turk J Fish Aquat Sci. 7: 53–63.
  • Lal K K, Singh R K, Mohindra V, Singh B, Ponniah A G. 2003. “Genetic makeup of exotic catfish, Clarias gariepinus in India.” Asian Fish. Sci. 16: 229–234.
  • Mwebaza-Ndawula L. 1984. “Food and feeding habits of Clarias mossambicus from four areas in the Lake Victoria basin, East Africa.” Env. Biol. Fish. 10:69–76. doi: 10.1007/BF00001663
  • Na-Nakorn U. 1999. Genetic factors in fish production. A case study of the catfish, Clarias, pp. 175–187. In: Mustafa, S. (ed.). Genetics in Sustainable Fisheries Management. Fishing News Books, Malden MA.
  • Ozcan G. 2013. A contribution to knowledge of the freshwater fish of Orontes River, Hatay, Turkey. Proc Int Acad Ecol Environ Sci., 3(2), 143-147.
  • Ozcan G, Altun A. 2015. Ichthyofauna and Its Conservation Status of Büyük Karaçay Stream, Hatay, Turkey, Croatian Journal of Fisheries, 73, 63-66.
  • Peh K S.H. 2010. “Invasive species in south East Asia: The knowledge so far.” Biodivers. Conserv. 19: 1083-1099.
  • Rabelo LB, Soares L S H. 2014. “Feeding interaction of the non-native african catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Itanhém River Estuary, Bahia, Brazil.” Braz. J. Oceanogr. 62(3): 179–186.
  • Tarkan A S, Ekmekçi FG, Vilizzi L, Copp G H. 2014. Risk screening of non‐native freshwater fishes at the frontier between Asia and Europe: first application in Turkey of the fish invasiveness screening kit. J Appl Ichthyol. 30(2), 392-398.
  • Teugels G G. 1986. “A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae).” Koninklijk Museum Voor Midden-Africa Tervuren, Belgie. Zool. Weten.-Ann. 247: 35–41
  • Teugels G G. 1996. “Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of catfishes (Ostariophysi, Siluroidei): an overview.” Aquat. Living Resour. 9: 9–34.
  • Turan C, Yalcin S, Turan F, Okur E, Akyurt I. 2005. “Morphometric comparisons of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, populations in Turkey.” Folia Zool. 54: 165–172.
  • Turan F, Gürağac R. 2014. “Induction of triploidy with caffeine treatment in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).” Iran J Fish Sci. 13(4): 1014–1020.
  • Verreth J, Eding EH, Rao GRM, Huskens F, Segner H. 1993. “A review of feeding practices, growth and nutritional physiology in larvae of the catfishes Clarias gariepinus and Clarias batrachus.” J World Aquacult Soc. 24: 135–144. doi: 10.1111/j.1749- 7345.1993.tb00002.x
  • Vitule J R, Umbria S C, Aranha J M R. 2006. “Introduction of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) into Southern Brazil.” Biol. Invasions. 8:677–681. doi: 10.1007/s10530-005-2535-8
  • Yalçın S, Akyurt I, Solak K. 2001a. “Stomach contents of the catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the River Asi (Turkey).” Turk J Zool. 25: 461–468.
  • Yalçın S, Akyurt I, Solak K. 2001b. “Certain reproductive characteristics of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) living in the River Asi, (Turkey).” Turk J Zool. 25: 453–460.
  • Yeşilbudak B, Duran S, Tunçsoy M, Erdem C. 2013. Some Morphometric Properties of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Population in Aslantaş Dam Lake (Osmaniye), J Aquacult Eng Fish Res., 9(2): 1-7.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Funda Turan

Cemal Turan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016

Kaynak Göster

APA Turan, F., & Turan, C. (2016). Natural and Non-natural distribution of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Turkey. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 2(3), 173-177. https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.280413