Abstract
Freezing of the concrete mix water in cold weather
caused strength loss of concrete and permeability. Besides, the setting of
concrete is accomplished slowly in the cold weather conditions. In this study, the
main goal is the production of quickly setting concrete in a cold weather. For
this purpose, the inner side of a concrete part is heated by an electrical
resistance and therefore the setting of concrete is completed in a short while
by this way. The cable for heating
purpose is placed with different lengths and shapes in the template. Prepared
concrete mix is placed this templates in deep freeze. They are waited until setting period of
concrete in deep freeze at -15, -20, -25 degrees ambient temperature. The
concrete temperature during the setting period of concrete is measured. The
concrete is set in a short time such as 4.5 hours though by using this method
in the cold weather conditions. Samples were removed from the mold and left to
cure pool. After having experiments on 8 cm cube samples cut form the samples
day 7th and 28th day, the unit weight of concrete, compressive strength, water
absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity are calculated. Completion of concrete
setting through heating electrical resistance at very low temperatures has had
a positive impact on the concrete characteristics.
References
- ACI 306 R – 88 (1994) , “Cold Weather Concreting”, ACI Manual of Practice.
- Chung D.D.L.. (2001) Cement-matrix composites for thermal engineering, Applied Thermal Engineering 21, 1607-1619. doi: 10.1016/S1359-4311(01)00043-6.
- Devi. (2012) Kar-Buz Birikimini Engelleme Sistemleri, Raf Ürün Dergisi, 36, 40.
- Jacobsz, G. S. B., and Gryzagoridis, J. (2017, August). Finite difference method heat transfer applied to thermally activated building systems. In Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE), 2017 International Conference on the (pp. 1-7). IEEE. doi: 10.23919/ICUE.2017.8067996.
- Mei Z., Chung D.D.L. (2000) Effects of temperature and stress on the interface between concrete and its carbon fiber epoxy-matrix composite retrofit, studied by electrical resistance measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 30, 799-802. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00238-6.
- Olesen, B. W., & Liedelt, D. F. (2001). Cooling and heating of buildings by activating their thermal mass with embedded hydronic pipe systems. Proceedings of the ASHRAE-CIBSE, Dublin, Ireland, 3-4.
- Sohn D., Mason T.O. (1998) Electrically Induced Microstructural Changes in Portland Cement Pastes. Advn Cem Bas Mat 7, 81–88. doi: 10.1016/S1065-7355(97)00056-4.
- Topçu İB, Karakurt C, (2002) Farklı Çimentolar ile Üretilen Betonlarda Olgunluk Kavramı, ECAS 2002 Uluslararası Yapı ve Deprem Mühendisliği Sempozyumu, 14 Ekim, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Topçu İB, Toprak MU, (2005) Fine aggregate and curing temperature effect on concrete maturity, Cement and Concrete Research 35, 758– 762. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.023.
- Topçu İB, Uygunoğlu T., Hocaoğlu İ., (2012) Electrical conductivity of setting cement paste with different mineral admixtures, Construction and Building Materials 28, 414–420. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.068.
- Tumidajski P.J., Xie P., Arnott M., Beaudoin J.J. (2003) Overlay current in a conductive concrete snow melting system, Cement and Concrete Research 33, 1807–1809. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00198-4.
- Wilson J.G., Whittington H.W. (1990) Variations in the electrical properties of concrete with change in frequency. IEE Proceedings, Vol. 137, No. 5.
- Xiao L., Li Z. (2008) Early-age hydration of fresh concrete monitored by non-contact electrical resistivity measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 38, 312–319. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.027.
- Xu J., Yao W.. (2009) Current distribution in reinforced concrete cathodic protection system with conductive mortar overlay anode, Construction and Building Materials 23, 2220–2226. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.12.002.
- Zhang K., Han B., Yu. (2011) Nickel particle based electrical resistance heating cementitious composites, Cold Regions Science and Technology 69, 64–69. doi: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2011.07.002.
Abstract
Soğuk havalarda beton karma suyunun donması
betonda dayanım kaybına ve geçirimliliğe neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca soğuk hava
koşullarında beton prizini oldukça yavaş alır. Bu çalışmada, soğuk havada hızlı
priz alan beton üretilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla elektriksel direnç kullanılarak
beton içeriden ısıtılmış ve kısa sürede betonun prizini tamamlaması
sağlanmıştır. Isıtma için kullanılan kablo farklı boy ve farklı şekillerde
kalıp içerisine yerleştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan beton karışımı bu kalıplara
yerleştirilerek derin dondurucuya konulmuştur. Derin dondurucuda -15, -20, -25
derece ortam sıcaklıklarında priz alıncaya kadar bekletilmiştir. Betonun priz
alma sürecindeki sıcaklığı her 30 dakikada bir ölçülmüştür. Bu yöntemle soğuk
hava koşullarına rağmen 4,5 saat gibi kısa bir sürede beton priz almıştır.
Kalıptan çıkarılan numuneler kür havuzuna bırakılmıştır. 7. ve 28. günde
numunelerden kesilerek alınan 8 cm boyutlarındaki küp numuneler üzerinde
yapılan deneyler sonucunda betonun birim hacim ağırlığı, basınç dayanımı, su
emme, ultrases geçiş hızları hesaplanmıştır.
Oldukça düşük sıcaklıklarda elektrik direnci ile ısıtma sayesinde betonun
prizini tamamlamasının beton özelikleri üzerinde olumlu etkileri gözlemlenmiştir.
References
- ACI 306 R – 88 (1994) , “Cold Weather Concreting”, ACI Manual of Practice.
- Chung D.D.L.. (2001) Cement-matrix composites for thermal engineering, Applied Thermal Engineering 21, 1607-1619. doi: 10.1016/S1359-4311(01)00043-6.
- Devi. (2012) Kar-Buz Birikimini Engelleme Sistemleri, Raf Ürün Dergisi, 36, 40.
- Jacobsz, G. S. B., and Gryzagoridis, J. (2017, August). Finite difference method heat transfer applied to thermally activated building systems. In Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE), 2017 International Conference on the (pp. 1-7). IEEE. doi: 10.23919/ICUE.2017.8067996.
- Mei Z., Chung D.D.L. (2000) Effects of temperature and stress on the interface between concrete and its carbon fiber epoxy-matrix composite retrofit, studied by electrical resistance measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 30, 799-802. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00238-6.
- Olesen, B. W., & Liedelt, D. F. (2001). Cooling and heating of buildings by activating their thermal mass with embedded hydronic pipe systems. Proceedings of the ASHRAE-CIBSE, Dublin, Ireland, 3-4.
- Sohn D., Mason T.O. (1998) Electrically Induced Microstructural Changes in Portland Cement Pastes. Advn Cem Bas Mat 7, 81–88. doi: 10.1016/S1065-7355(97)00056-4.
- Topçu İB, Karakurt C, (2002) Farklı Çimentolar ile Üretilen Betonlarda Olgunluk Kavramı, ECAS 2002 Uluslararası Yapı ve Deprem Mühendisliği Sempozyumu, 14 Ekim, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Topçu İB, Toprak MU, (2005) Fine aggregate and curing temperature effect on concrete maturity, Cement and Concrete Research 35, 758– 762. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.023.
- Topçu İB, Uygunoğlu T., Hocaoğlu İ., (2012) Electrical conductivity of setting cement paste with different mineral admixtures, Construction and Building Materials 28, 414–420. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.068.
- Tumidajski P.J., Xie P., Arnott M., Beaudoin J.J. (2003) Overlay current in a conductive concrete snow melting system, Cement and Concrete Research 33, 1807–1809. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00198-4.
- Wilson J.G., Whittington H.W. (1990) Variations in the electrical properties of concrete with change in frequency. IEE Proceedings, Vol. 137, No. 5.
- Xiao L., Li Z. (2008) Early-age hydration of fresh concrete monitored by non-contact electrical resistivity measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 38, 312–319. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.027.
- Xu J., Yao W.. (2009) Current distribution in reinforced concrete cathodic protection system with conductive mortar overlay anode, Construction and Building Materials 23, 2220–2226. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.12.002.
- Zhang K., Han B., Yu. (2011) Nickel particle based electrical resistance heating cementitious composites, Cold Regions Science and Technology 69, 64–69. doi: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2011.07.002.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 27, 2018 |
| Submission Date | May 14, 2016 |
| Acceptance Date | April 16, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 23 Issue: 1 |
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