Abstract
Çamur
dezentegrasyon yöntemleri, atıksu çamurlarının çürüme işleminde hız sınırlayıcı
adım olan hidroliz aşamasını elimine etmek, stabilizasyon derecesini ve oluşan
biyogaz miktarını arttırmak amacıyla uygulanan ön arıtma yöntemleridir. Bu çalışmada
çamura uygulanan farklı dezentegrasyon yöntemlerinin (mekanik, termal ve kimyasal) çamurun
çözünebilirliğine olan etkisi, çözünmüş kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (ÇKOİ)
parametresindeki değişimler üzerinden irdelenerek kıyaslanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara
göre uygulanan prosesler çamurun ÇKOİ içeriğini %34 ila %75 arasında değişen
oranlarda arttırmıştır. 150oC de uygulanan termal yöntem ile
kavitasyon sayısının (KS) 0,2 olarak ayarlandığı şartlarda işletilen
hidrodinamik kavitasyon en etkin dezentegrasyonu gerçekleştirmiştir. Kimyasal
yöntemler kıyaslandığında ise alkali ilaveli yöntemlerin asidik yöntemlerden
daha etkin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yüksek çözünebilirlik değerlerine
ulaşılması ve diğer yöntemlere göre daha ekonomik bir alternatif olmasından
dolayı hidrodinamik kavitasyon yönteminin anaerobik çamur çürütme
performansının arttırılması için uygun bir yöntem olabileceği sonucuna
varılmıştır.
References
- Anderson, N.J., Dixon, D.R., Harbour, P.J., Scales, P.J. (2002) Complete characterisation of thermally treated sludges, Water Science and Technology, 46(10), 51-54.
- APHA, AWWA, WEF, (1998) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed., American Public Health Association, Baltimore.
- Badve, M., Gogate, P., Pandit, A., Csoka, L. (2013) Hydrodynamic cavitation as a novel approach for wastewater treatment in wood finishing industry, Separation and Purification Technology, 106, 15-21. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2012.12.029
- Bougrier, C., Albasi, C., Delgen`es, J.P., Carr`ere, H. (2006) Effect of ultrasonic, thermal and ozone pre-treatments on waste activated sludge solubilisation and anaerobic biodegradability, Chemical Engineering and Processing, 45, 711-718. doi:10.1016/j.cep.2006.02.005
- Filibeli, A. (1998) Arıtma Çamurlarının İşlenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 225, ISBN 975-441-117-4.
- Filibeli, A., Erden Kaynak, G. (2006) Arıtma çamuru miktarının azaltılması ve özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yapılan ön işlemler, İtü dergisi/e Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü , 16(1-3), 3-12.
- Gogate, P. R., Pandit, A. B. (2000) Engineering design methods for cavitation reactors II:Hydrodynamic cavitation, AICHE Journal, 46(8), 1641-1649. doi: 10.1002/aic.690460815
- Gogate, P. R., Pandit, A. B. (2001) Hydrodynamic cavitation reactors: A state of the art review, Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 17 (1), 1-85.
- Haug, T.R., Stuckey, D.C., Gossett, J.M., McCarty, P.L. (1978) Effect of thermal pretreatment on digestibility and dewaterability of organic sludges, Water Environment Federation, 50, 73-85.
- Kepp, U., Solheim, O.E. (2001) Meeting increased demands on sludge quality experience with full scale plant for thermal Disintegration, Proceedings 9th World Congress, Anaerobic Conversion for Sustainability, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Kim, J., Park, C., Kim, T-H., Lee, M., Kim, S., Kim, S-W., Lee, J. (2003) Effects of various pretreatments for enhanced anaerobic digestion with waste activated sludge, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95, 271–275. doi:10.1016/S1389-1723(03)80028-2
- Lee, I., Han, J.I. (2013) The effects of waste-activated sludge pretreatment using hydrodynamic cavitation for methane production, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 20(6), 1450-1455. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.03.006
- Myszograj, S., Jędrczak, A., Suchowska-Kisielewicz, M., Sadecka Z. (2013) Thermal and chemical disintegration of excessive sewage sludge, The 1st Global Virtual Conference, Goce Delchev University Macedonia & Thomson Ltd., Slovakia.
- Neyens, E., Baeyens, J. (2003) A review of thermal sludge pretreatment processes to improve dewaterability, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 98, 51-67.doi:10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00320-5
- Odegaard, H., Paulsrud, B., Karlsson, I. (2002) Wastewater sludge as a resource: sludge disposal strategies and corresponding treatment technologies aimed at sustainable handling of wastewater sludge, Water Science and Technology, 46(10), 295-303.
- Ozonek, J. 2012. Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation in Environmental Engineering, Taylor and Francis Group, London.
- Ray, B.T., Rajan, R.V., and Lin, J.G. (1990) Low-level alkaline solubilization for enhanced anaerobic digestion, Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 62(1), 81-87.
- Valo, A., Carre, H., Delgenes, J.P. (2004) Thermal, chemical and thermo-chemical pre-treatment of waste activated sludge for anaerobic digestion, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,79, 1197-1203. doi: 10.1002/jctb.1106
- Vranitzky, R., Lahnsteiner, J. (2005) Sewage sludge disintegration using ozone – A method of enhancing the anaerobic stabilization of sewage sludge, VA TECH WABAH, R&D Process Engineering, Siemensstrasse 89, A-1211, Vienna, Austria.
- Wilson, C.A., Novak, J.T. (2009) Hydrolysis of macromolecular components of primary and secondary wastewater sludge by thermal hydrolytic pretreatment, Water Research, 43(18), 4489-4498. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.07.022
- Woodard, S., Wukasch, R. (1994) A hydrolysis/thickening/filtration process for the treatment of waste activated sludge, Water Science and Technology, 30(3), 29-38.
- Yinguang Chen_, Su Jiang, Hongying Yuan, Qi Zhou, Guowei Gu (2007) Hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge at different pHs, Water Researh, 41, 683-689. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.07.030
Abstract
Sludge
disintegration methods are the pretreatment methods applied for eliminating
rate-limiting hydrolysis step of anaerobic digestion process and increasing stabilization
level and the amount of produced biogas. In this study, the effect of several
disintegration methods (thermal, mechanical and chemical) on the solubility of
sludge components was evaluated and compared with respect to the variation of
soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) parameter. According to the results, the
applied methods increased SCOD of sludge by 34% to 75%. The thermal method
carried out at 150oC and hydrodynamic cavitation operated under the
condition of cavitation number (Cv) of 0.2 achieved the most efficient sludge
disintegration. When the chemical methods were compared, alkali methods were
found to be generally more efficient than acidic ones. While it is a more economical alternative and higher
solubilization was achieved, hydrodynamic cavitation can be an appropriate
method for increasing the performance of anaerobic digestion process.
References
- Anderson, N.J., Dixon, D.R., Harbour, P.J., Scales, P.J. (2002) Complete characterisation of thermally treated sludges, Water Science and Technology, 46(10), 51-54.
- APHA, AWWA, WEF, (1998) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed., American Public Health Association, Baltimore.
- Badve, M., Gogate, P., Pandit, A., Csoka, L. (2013) Hydrodynamic cavitation as a novel approach for wastewater treatment in wood finishing industry, Separation and Purification Technology, 106, 15-21. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2012.12.029
- Bougrier, C., Albasi, C., Delgen`es, J.P., Carr`ere, H. (2006) Effect of ultrasonic, thermal and ozone pre-treatments on waste activated sludge solubilisation and anaerobic biodegradability, Chemical Engineering and Processing, 45, 711-718. doi:10.1016/j.cep.2006.02.005
- Filibeli, A. (1998) Arıtma Çamurlarının İşlenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 225, ISBN 975-441-117-4.
- Filibeli, A., Erden Kaynak, G. (2006) Arıtma çamuru miktarının azaltılması ve özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yapılan ön işlemler, İtü dergisi/e Su Kirlenmesi Kontrolü , 16(1-3), 3-12.
- Gogate, P. R., Pandit, A. B. (2000) Engineering design methods for cavitation reactors II:Hydrodynamic cavitation, AICHE Journal, 46(8), 1641-1649. doi: 10.1002/aic.690460815
- Gogate, P. R., Pandit, A. B. (2001) Hydrodynamic cavitation reactors: A state of the art review, Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 17 (1), 1-85.
- Haug, T.R., Stuckey, D.C., Gossett, J.M., McCarty, P.L. (1978) Effect of thermal pretreatment on digestibility and dewaterability of organic sludges, Water Environment Federation, 50, 73-85.
- Kepp, U., Solheim, O.E. (2001) Meeting increased demands on sludge quality experience with full scale plant for thermal Disintegration, Proceedings 9th World Congress, Anaerobic Conversion for Sustainability, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Kim, J., Park, C., Kim, T-H., Lee, M., Kim, S., Kim, S-W., Lee, J. (2003) Effects of various pretreatments for enhanced anaerobic digestion with waste activated sludge, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95, 271–275. doi:10.1016/S1389-1723(03)80028-2
- Lee, I., Han, J.I. (2013) The effects of waste-activated sludge pretreatment using hydrodynamic cavitation for methane production, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 20(6), 1450-1455. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.03.006
- Myszograj, S., Jędrczak, A., Suchowska-Kisielewicz, M., Sadecka Z. (2013) Thermal and chemical disintegration of excessive sewage sludge, The 1st Global Virtual Conference, Goce Delchev University Macedonia & Thomson Ltd., Slovakia.
- Neyens, E., Baeyens, J. (2003) A review of thermal sludge pretreatment processes to improve dewaterability, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 98, 51-67.doi:10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00320-5
- Odegaard, H., Paulsrud, B., Karlsson, I. (2002) Wastewater sludge as a resource: sludge disposal strategies and corresponding treatment technologies aimed at sustainable handling of wastewater sludge, Water Science and Technology, 46(10), 295-303.
- Ozonek, J. 2012. Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation in Environmental Engineering, Taylor and Francis Group, London.
- Ray, B.T., Rajan, R.V., and Lin, J.G. (1990) Low-level alkaline solubilization for enhanced anaerobic digestion, Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 62(1), 81-87.
- Valo, A., Carre, H., Delgenes, J.P. (2004) Thermal, chemical and thermo-chemical pre-treatment of waste activated sludge for anaerobic digestion, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,79, 1197-1203. doi: 10.1002/jctb.1106
- Vranitzky, R., Lahnsteiner, J. (2005) Sewage sludge disintegration using ozone – A method of enhancing the anaerobic stabilization of sewage sludge, VA TECH WABAH, R&D Process Engineering, Siemensstrasse 89, A-1211, Vienna, Austria.
- Wilson, C.A., Novak, J.T. (2009) Hydrolysis of macromolecular components of primary and secondary wastewater sludge by thermal hydrolytic pretreatment, Water Research, 43(18), 4489-4498. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.07.022
- Woodard, S., Wukasch, R. (1994) A hydrolysis/thickening/filtration process for the treatment of waste activated sludge, Water Science and Technology, 30(3), 29-38.
- Yinguang Chen_, Su Jiang, Hongying Yuan, Qi Zhou, Guowei Gu (2007) Hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge at different pHs, Water Researh, 41, 683-689. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.07.030
Details
| Subjects | Engineering |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 10, 2017 |
| Submission Date | September 23, 2016 |
| Acceptance Date | February 17, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 22 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Cited By
ATIK AKTİF ÇAMURUN HİDROKSİL VE SÜLFAT RADİKALLERİ İLE DEZENTEGRASYONU
Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering
Anıl ELELE
https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.932288
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