Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 71 - 104, 24.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.1175743

Abstract

References

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  • Armitage, P. D., Moss, D., Wright, J. F., & Furse, M. T. (1983). The performance of a new biological water quality score system based on macroinvertebrates over a wide range of unpolluted running-water sites. Water research, 17(3), 333-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043- 1354(83)90188-4
  • Arslan, N., Salur, A., Kalyoncu, H., Mercan, D., Barişik, B., & Odabaşi, D. A. (2016). The use of BMWP and ASPT indices for evaluation of water quality according to macroinvertebrates in Küçük Menderes River (Turkey). Biologia, 71(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016- 0005
  • Barbour, M. T., Gerritsen, J., Griffith, 3., Frydenborg, R., McCarron, E., White, J. S., & Bastian, M. L. (1996). A framework for biological criteria for Florida streams using benthic macroinvertebrates. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 15(2), 185-211. https://doi.org/10.2307/1467948
  • Barbour, M. T. (1999). Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in wadeable streams and rivers: periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/monitoring/techmon.html
  • Birk, S., Bonne, W., Borja, A., Brucet, S., Courrat, A., Poikane, S., Solimini, A., van de Bund, W., Zampoukas, N., & Hering, D. (2012). Three hundred ways to assess Europe's surface waters: An almost complete overview of biological methods to implement the Water Framework Directive. Ecological Indicators, 18(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.10.009
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  • Buffagni, A., Erba, S., Cazzola, M., & Kemp, J. L. (2004). The AQEM multimetric system for the southern Italian Apennines: assessing the impact of water quality and habitat degradation on pool macroinvertebrates in Mediterranean rivers. Hydrobiologia; Dordrecht, 516(1-3), 313-329. http://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000025273.15958.6a
  • Butcher, J. T., Stewart, P. M., & Simon, T. P. (2003). A benthic community index for streams in the northern lakes and forests ecoregion. Ecological Indicators, 3(3), 181-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00042-6
  • Chainho, P., Chaves, M. L., Costa, J. L., Costa, M. J., & Dauer, D. M. (2008). Use of multimetric indices to classify estuaries with different hydromorphological characteristics and different levels of human pressure. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 56(6), 1128-1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.03.018
  • Chaves, M.L., Chainho, P., Costa, J.L., Prat, N., & Costa, M.J. (2005). Regional and local environmental factors structuring undisturbed benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the Mondego River basin, Portugal. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 163 (4), 497–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0163-0497
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  • Furse, M., Hering, D., Moog, O., Verdonschot, P., Johnson, R. K., Brabec, K., Gritzalis, K., Buffagni, A., Pinto, P., Friberg, N., Murray-Bligh, J., Kokes, J., Alber, R., UsseglioPolatera, P., Haase, P., Sweeting, R., Bis, B., Szoszkiewicz, K., Soszka, H., Springe, G., Sporka, F., & Krno, I. J. (2006). The STAR project: context, objectives and approaches. In M. T. Furse1, D. Hering, K. Brabec, A. Buffagni, L. Sandin & P. F. M. Verdonschot (Eds.), The ecological status of European Rivers: Evaluation and intercalibration of assessment methods (pp. 3-29). Springer, Dordrecht. http://www.jlakes.org/ch/book/978-1-4020-5493-8.pdf
  • Gabriels, W., Lock, K., De Pauw, N., & Goethals, P. L. (2010). Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index Flanders (MMIF) for biological assessment of rivers and lakes in Flanders (Belgium). Limnologica-Ecology and Management of Inland Waters, 40(3), 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2009.10.001
  • Hawkins, C. P., Olson, J. R., & Hill, R. A. (2010). The reference condition: predicting benchmarks for ecological and water-quality assessments. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 29(1), 312-343. https://doi.org/10.1899/09-092.1
  • Hawkins, C. P., & Norris, R. H. (2000). Performance of different landscape classifications for aquatic bioassessments: introduction to the series. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 19(3), 367-369.
  • Hellawell, J. M. (Ed.). (2012). Biological indicators of freshwater pollution and environmental management. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Herlihy, A. T., Paulsen, S. G., Sickle, J. V., Stoddard, J. L., Hawkins, C. P., & Yuan, L. L. (2008). Striving for consistency in a national assessment: the challenges of applying a reference-condition approach at a continental scale. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 27(4), 860- 877.
  • Hering, D., Moog, O., Sandin, L., & Verdonschot, P. F. (2004). Overview and application of the AQEM assessment system. Hydrobiologia, 516(1), 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000025255.70009.a5
  • Hughes, R. M. (1995). Defining acceptable biological status by comparing with reference conditions. In Biological assessment and criteria: Tools for water resource planning and decision making (pp. 31-48). Boca Raton (FL), USA: Lewis
  • Hughes, R. M., Larsen, D. P., & Omernik, J. M. (1986). Regional reference sites: a method for assessing stream potentials. Environmental management, 10(5), 629-635.
  • Junqueira, V. M., & Campos, S. C. M. (1998). Adaptation of the “BMWP” method for water quality evaluation to Rio das Velhas watershed (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 10(2), 125-135.
  • Karr, J. R., Fausch, K. D., Angermeier, P. L., Yant, P. R., & Schlosser, I. J. (1986). Assessing biological integrity in running waters. A method and its rationale. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Special Publication, 5, 1-28.
  • Karr, J. R., Yant, P. R., Fausch, K. D., & Schlosser, I. J. (1987). Spatial and temporal variability of the index of biotic integrity in three midwestern streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 116(1), 1-11.
  • Karr, J. R. (1991). Biological integrity: a long‐ neglected aspect of water resource management. Ecological applications, 1(1), 66-84. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/46860/1941848.pdf?sequence=
  • Karr, J. R., & Chu, E. W. (1999). Restoring life in running waters. Island Press.
  • Karr, J. R., & Dudley, D. R. (1981). Ecological perspective on water quality goals. Environmental Management, 5(1), 55-68.
  • Margalef, R. (1951). Diversidad de especies en les communideades natural. Public Institutte of Biologic, Barcelonia, 9, 5– 27. https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/165981
  • Medeiros, J.P., Chaves, M.L., Silva, G., Azeda, C., Costa, J.L., Marques, J.C., Costa, J.C., & Chainho, P. (2012). Benthic condition in low salinity areas of the Mira estuary (Portugal): lessons learnt from freshwater and marine assessment tools. Ecological Indicators, 19, 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.09.008
  • Miller, D. L., Hughes, R. M., Karr, J. R., Leonard, P. M., Moyle, P. B., Schrader, L. H., Thompson, B.A., Daniels, R.A., Fausch, K., Fitzhugh, G. A., & Gammon, J.R. (1988). Regional applications of an index of biotic integrity for use in water resource management. Fisheries, 13(5), 12-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1988)013%3C0012:RAOAIO%3E2.0.CO;2
  • Munné, A., Ginebreda, A., & Prat, N. (2015). Experiences from surface water quality monitoring: The EU Water Framework Directive implementation in the Catalan River Basin District (Part I). Springer.
  • Mustow, S.E. (2002). Biological monitoring of rivers in Thailand: use and adaptation of the BMWP score. Hydrobiologia, 479(1), 191-229. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021055926316
  • Omernik, J. M. (1987). Ecoregions of the conterminous United States. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 77(1), 118-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00149.x
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Development of A Multimetric Index Based on Benthic Macroinvertebrates for Rivers (BMIR) in Türkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 71 - 104, 24.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.1175743

Abstract

Stream types determined according to altitude, slope and alkalinity in six different hydrobiogeographic regions of Türkiye were taken as the basis of the study. In line with the European
Water Framework Directive, a macroinvertebrate-based multimetric method was tested for Turkish rivers as a potential assessment. In this study, benthic macroinvertebrate data (1875 taxa obtained from 1925 stations with reference points) were used to create a multimetric index for all river types in the hydrobiogeographic regions of Türkiye. Nine biological metrics were evaluated and index development criteria were chosen to capture meaningful results at the ecosystem, community, and individual levels. The metric combinations were chosen to show the best distinction between areas with no or only very minor anthropogenic disturbances and stressed areas (with discrimination efficiency values). The multimetric index including three different metrics from three different metric categories distinguishes reference or slightly distorted areas from stressed areas with an efficiency close to 100%. Index values were divided at a five-scale system between one (High) and zero (Bad) for biological evaluation. Further testing and research can be done so that the index will provide a more useful result as a bioassessment tool for decision-makers in hydrobiogeographic regions. Also, the index can provide a basis for methods by which river status is assessed based on stress factors.

Thanks

The authors thank their colleagues in the Biological and Hydromorphological Monitoring Department for their efforts and contributions to the data collection processes in this study. In addition, the authors thank the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Water Management for funding this study.

References

  • AQEM. (2002). Manual for the application of the AQEM system. A comprehensive method to assess European streams using benthic macroinvertebrates, developed for the purpose of the Water Framework Directive. Version, 1(02), 2002.
  • Armitage, P. D., Moss, D., Wright, J. F., & Furse, M. T. (1983). The performance of a new biological water quality score system based on macroinvertebrates over a wide range of unpolluted running-water sites. Water research, 17(3), 333-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043- 1354(83)90188-4
  • Arslan, N., Salur, A., Kalyoncu, H., Mercan, D., Barişik, B., & Odabaşi, D. A. (2016). The use of BMWP and ASPT indices for evaluation of water quality according to macroinvertebrates in Küçük Menderes River (Turkey). Biologia, 71(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016- 0005
  • Barbour, M. T., Gerritsen, J., Griffith, 3., Frydenborg, R., McCarron, E., White, J. S., & Bastian, M. L. (1996). A framework for biological criteria for Florida streams using benthic macroinvertebrates. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 15(2), 185-211. https://doi.org/10.2307/1467948
  • Barbour, M. T. (1999). Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in wadeable streams and rivers: periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/monitoring/techmon.html
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  • Chainho, P., Chaves, M. L., Costa, J. L., Costa, M. J., & Dauer, D. M. (2008). Use of multimetric indices to classify estuaries with different hydromorphological characteristics and different levels of human pressure. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 56(6), 1128-1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.03.018
  • Chaves, M.L., Chainho, P., Costa, J.L., Prat, N., & Costa, M.J. (2005). Regional and local environmental factors structuring undisturbed benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the Mondego River basin, Portugal. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 163 (4), 497–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0163-0497
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  • Furse, M., Hering, D., Moog, O., Verdonschot, P., Johnson, R. K., Brabec, K., Gritzalis, K., Buffagni, A., Pinto, P., Friberg, N., Murray-Bligh, J., Kokes, J., Alber, R., UsseglioPolatera, P., Haase, P., Sweeting, R., Bis, B., Szoszkiewicz, K., Soszka, H., Springe, G., Sporka, F., & Krno, I. J. (2006). The STAR project: context, objectives and approaches. In M. T. Furse1, D. Hering, K. Brabec, A. Buffagni, L. Sandin & P. F. M. Verdonschot (Eds.), The ecological status of European Rivers: Evaluation and intercalibration of assessment methods (pp. 3-29). Springer, Dordrecht. http://www.jlakes.org/ch/book/978-1-4020-5493-8.pdf
  • Gabriels, W., Lock, K., De Pauw, N., & Goethals, P. L. (2010). Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index Flanders (MMIF) for biological assessment of rivers and lakes in Flanders (Belgium). Limnologica-Ecology and Management of Inland Waters, 40(3), 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2009.10.001
  • Hawkins, C. P., Olson, J. R., & Hill, R. A. (2010). The reference condition: predicting benchmarks for ecological and water-quality assessments. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 29(1), 312-343. https://doi.org/10.1899/09-092.1
  • Hawkins, C. P., & Norris, R. H. (2000). Performance of different landscape classifications for aquatic bioassessments: introduction to the series. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 19(3), 367-369.
  • Hellawell, J. M. (Ed.). (2012). Biological indicators of freshwater pollution and environmental management. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Herlihy, A. T., Paulsen, S. G., Sickle, J. V., Stoddard, J. L., Hawkins, C. P., & Yuan, L. L. (2008). Striving for consistency in a national assessment: the challenges of applying a reference-condition approach at a continental scale. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 27(4), 860- 877.
  • Hering, D., Moog, O., Sandin, L., & Verdonschot, P. F. (2004). Overview and application of the AQEM assessment system. Hydrobiologia, 516(1), 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000025255.70009.a5
  • Hughes, R. M. (1995). Defining acceptable biological status by comparing with reference conditions. In Biological assessment and criteria: Tools for water resource planning and decision making (pp. 31-48). Boca Raton (FL), USA: Lewis
  • Hughes, R. M., Larsen, D. P., & Omernik, J. M. (1986). Regional reference sites: a method for assessing stream potentials. Environmental management, 10(5), 629-635.
  • Junqueira, V. M., & Campos, S. C. M. (1998). Adaptation of the “BMWP” method for water quality evaluation to Rio das Velhas watershed (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 10(2), 125-135.
  • Karr, J. R., Fausch, K. D., Angermeier, P. L., Yant, P. R., & Schlosser, I. J. (1986). Assessing biological integrity in running waters. A method and its rationale. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Special Publication, 5, 1-28.
  • Karr, J. R., Yant, P. R., Fausch, K. D., & Schlosser, I. J. (1987). Spatial and temporal variability of the index of biotic integrity in three midwestern streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 116(1), 1-11.
  • Karr, J. R. (1991). Biological integrity: a long‐ neglected aspect of water resource management. Ecological applications, 1(1), 66-84. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/46860/1941848.pdf?sequence=
  • Karr, J. R., & Chu, E. W. (1999). Restoring life in running waters. Island Press.
  • Karr, J. R., & Dudley, D. R. (1981). Ecological perspective on water quality goals. Environmental Management, 5(1), 55-68.
  • Margalef, R. (1951). Diversidad de especies en les communideades natural. Public Institutte of Biologic, Barcelonia, 9, 5– 27. https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/165981
  • Medeiros, J.P., Chaves, M.L., Silva, G., Azeda, C., Costa, J.L., Marques, J.C., Costa, J.C., & Chainho, P. (2012). Benthic condition in low salinity areas of the Mira estuary (Portugal): lessons learnt from freshwater and marine assessment tools. Ecological Indicators, 19, 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.09.008
  • Miller, D. L., Hughes, R. M., Karr, J. R., Leonard, P. M., Moyle, P. B., Schrader, L. H., Thompson, B.A., Daniels, R.A., Fausch, K., Fitzhugh, G. A., & Gammon, J.R. (1988). Regional applications of an index of biotic integrity for use in water resource management. Fisheries, 13(5), 12-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1988)013%3C0012:RAOAIO%3E2.0.CO;2
  • Munné, A., Ginebreda, A., & Prat, N. (2015). Experiences from surface water quality monitoring: The EU Water Framework Directive implementation in the Catalan River Basin District (Part I). Springer.
  • Mustow, S.E. (2002). Biological monitoring of rivers in Thailand: use and adaptation of the BMWP score. Hydrobiologia, 479(1), 191-229. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021055926316
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There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section TURKISH JOURNAL OF WATER SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT
Authors

Serdar Koyuncuoğlu 0000-0001-6275-5247

Sena Çetinkaya 0000-0003-2650-5050

Serhat Fatih Kılınç

Early Pub Date May 24, 2023
Publication Date May 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Koyuncuoğlu, S., Çetinkaya, S., & Kılınç, S. F. (2023). Development of A Multimetric Index Based on Benthic Macroinvertebrates for Rivers (BMIR) in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management, 7(1), 71-104. https://doi.org/10.31807/tjwsm.1175743