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Analysis of Machine Deficiencies of Ships Detained Under the Black Sea Memorandum

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 601 - 611, 15.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1249376

Abstract

Approximately 90% of the goods are transported worldwide by ships. Ensuring the safety of life and property in maritime transportation is one of the most important issues. The procedures applied to foreign flagged ships in ports in order to determine that the standards of the ships and the equipment on these ships comply with international regulations and that these rules are complied with in the operation of the ships is called port state inspection. Port state inspections are extremely important in terms of withdrawing substandard ships from transportation and preventing maritime accidents. In the research, within the framework of the Black Sea Memorandum, of which Turkey is a member, it is aimed to determine the relations between the reasons for the detention of the ships as a result of the port state inspections at the Black Sea ports due to machinery deficiencies and the ship flag, gross tonnage, ship age, classification society, the country that decided to detain, and the type of ship. For this purpose, data on the ships detained between 2016 and 2018 were obtained from the official website of the Black Sea MOU and evaluated using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program. According to the findings, it was determined that there was a statistically significant relationship between the reasons for detention due to machinery deficiencies and the ship's flag, ship age, ship gross tonnage, classification society and the country that made the decision to detention, but the relationship between ship type and the reasons for detention was not significant.

References

  • Alan, G., (2010). Safety and Security at Sea: An examination of international and national regulations and institutions Master Thesis, Onsekiz Mart University, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Çanakkale.
  • Bolat, F. & Alpaslan, S., (2021). Cumulative analysis of the port state control based on Paris MoU inspection. Transactions on Maritime Science, 1, 224-246.
  • Cariou, P., Mejia Jr, M. Q., & Wolff, F. C., (2008). On the effectiveness of Port State Control inspections. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 44, 491-503.
  • Cariou, P. & Wolff, F.C., (2015). Identifying substandard vessels trough port state control inspection: An new methodology for concentrated inspection campaigns. Marine policy, 60, 27-39.
  • Chain, J., Zhang, S., Xu, L., Wan, Z., Fei, Y. & Zheng, T., (2019). Identification of key factors of ship detention under Port State Control. Marine Policy, 102, 21-27.
  • Chien, C.Y., Rong, H.C. & Cungiang, C., (2020). Important factors influencing the implementation of independent Port State Control regimes, J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 8(9), 1-17.
  • Eyigün, Ö., (2013). Analysing ship targeting systems used in PSC regimes. Master Thesis, İstanbul Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Fan, L., Zhang, M., Yin, J. & Zang., J., (2022). Impacts of dynamic inspection records on port state control efficiency using Bayesian network analysis. Reliability Engineering and Safety System, 228,1-12.
  • Knapp, S., (2007). The econometrics of maritime safety–recommendation to enhance safety at sea. Doctoral Thesis, Erasmus University, Rotterdam.
  • Knapp, S. & Franses, P. H., 2007. Econometric analysis on the effect of port state control inspections on the probability of casualty: Can targeting of substandard ships for inspections be improved. Marine Policy, 31, 550-563.
  • Knapp, S. & Velden, M., (2009). Visualization of differences in treatment of safety inspections across port state control regimes: a case for increased harmonization efforts. Transport Reviews, 29(4), 499–514.
  • Kruskal, W. H., (1952). A nonparametric test for the several sample problem. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23, 525-540.
  • McDorman, T.L., (2000). Regional port state control agreements: Some issues of international law. Ocean and Coastal Law Journal, 5, 207-226
  • Mejia Jr, M.Q., Cario P. ve Wolff, F.C., (2010). Vessels at risk and the effectiveness of Port State Control inspections. LEMNA EA 4272. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46479152.
  • Mert, A., (2014). Relationship between detention of ships on Black Sea Memorandum inspections and vessel accidents. Master Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Trabzon.
  • Sümbüloğlu, K. & Sümbüloğlu, V.,(1995), Biyoistatistik, 6. Baskı, Özdemir Yayımcılık, Ankara.
  • Şanlıer, Ş., (2020). Analysis of port state control inspection data: The Black Sea Region. Marine Policy, 112, 1-11.
  • Tsou M.C., (2019). Big data analysis of port state control ship detention database. Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 18(3), 113-121
  • Turk Loydu, PSC Annual Report 2020, İstanbul.
  • Yavuz, S., (2003). Dünya liman devleti denetimi ve liman devleti denetimi ile ilgili Türk Mevzuatının AB Müktesebatıyla uyumlaştırılması için gerekli düzenlemeler. Uzmanlık Tezi. İktisadi Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Uçar, O. F., (2019). Analysis of machine deficiencies of Turkish and foreign flag ships in Black Sea Memorandum of Understanding. Master Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Trabzon.
  • URL-1, www.bsmou.org., (Date Accessed:12 January 2019.
  • URL-2, www.turkloydu.org/tr-tr/yayinlar/liman-devleti-kontrolleri.aspx, (Date Accessed:10 Januarry 2023).
  • Usoro, M.E., (2014). Port state control: a tool for sustainable management of maritime safety and marine environment. Maritime Women: Global Leadership International Conference. World Maritime University, Malmo, Sweden, Retrieved from: https://www.abujamou.org/post/707.pdf.

Karadeniz Memorandumu Kapsamında Tutulan Gemilerin Makine Bulgularının Analizi

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 601 - 611, 15.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1249376

Abstract

Dünya genelinde taşınan emtianın yaklaşık % 90’ı gemiler ile taşınmaktadır. Bu taşımacılıkta can ve mal güvenliğinin sağlanması en önemli hususlardandır. Gemilerin ve bu gemilerde bulunan ekipmanların standartlarının uluslararası düzenlemelere uygun olduğunu ve gemilerin işletiminde bu kurallara uyum sağlandığını belirlemek amacıyla limanlardaki yabancı bayraklı gemilere uygulanan işlemlere liman devleti denetimi denir. Liman devleti denetimleri standart altı gemilerin taşımacılıktan çekilmesi ve deniz kazalarının önlenmesi bakımından son derece önemlidir. Araştırmada, Türkiye’nin de üyesi olduğu Karadeniz Mutabakatı çerçevesinde, Karadeniz limanlarında yapılan liman devleti denetimleri sonucu tutulan gemilerin makine eksikliklerinden dolayı tutulma nedenleri ile gemi bayrağı, groston, gemi yaşı, klas kuruluşu, tutma kararı veren ülke ve gemi tipi arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla Karadeniz Mutabakatı resmi internet sayfasından 2016-2018 yılları arasında tutulan gemilere ilişkin veriler alınmış ve IBM SPSS İstatistik 22 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre makine eksikliklerinden dolayı tutulma nedenleri ile gemi bayrağı, gemi yaşı, gemi grostonu, klas kuruluşu ve tutma kararı veren ülke arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ancak, gemi tipi ile tutulma nedenleri arasında ilişkinin anlamlı olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Alan, G., (2010). Safety and Security at Sea: An examination of international and national regulations and institutions Master Thesis, Onsekiz Mart University, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Çanakkale.
  • Bolat, F. & Alpaslan, S., (2021). Cumulative analysis of the port state control based on Paris MoU inspection. Transactions on Maritime Science, 1, 224-246.
  • Cariou, P., Mejia Jr, M. Q., & Wolff, F. C., (2008). On the effectiveness of Port State Control inspections. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 44, 491-503.
  • Cariou, P. & Wolff, F.C., (2015). Identifying substandard vessels trough port state control inspection: An new methodology for concentrated inspection campaigns. Marine policy, 60, 27-39.
  • Chain, J., Zhang, S., Xu, L., Wan, Z., Fei, Y. & Zheng, T., (2019). Identification of key factors of ship detention under Port State Control. Marine Policy, 102, 21-27.
  • Chien, C.Y., Rong, H.C. & Cungiang, C., (2020). Important factors influencing the implementation of independent Port State Control regimes, J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 8(9), 1-17.
  • Eyigün, Ö., (2013). Analysing ship targeting systems used in PSC regimes. Master Thesis, İstanbul Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Fan, L., Zhang, M., Yin, J. & Zang., J., (2022). Impacts of dynamic inspection records on port state control efficiency using Bayesian network analysis. Reliability Engineering and Safety System, 228,1-12.
  • Knapp, S., (2007). The econometrics of maritime safety–recommendation to enhance safety at sea. Doctoral Thesis, Erasmus University, Rotterdam.
  • Knapp, S. & Franses, P. H., 2007. Econometric analysis on the effect of port state control inspections on the probability of casualty: Can targeting of substandard ships for inspections be improved. Marine Policy, 31, 550-563.
  • Knapp, S. & Velden, M., (2009). Visualization of differences in treatment of safety inspections across port state control regimes: a case for increased harmonization efforts. Transport Reviews, 29(4), 499–514.
  • Kruskal, W. H., (1952). A nonparametric test for the several sample problem. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23, 525-540.
  • McDorman, T.L., (2000). Regional port state control agreements: Some issues of international law. Ocean and Coastal Law Journal, 5, 207-226
  • Mejia Jr, M.Q., Cario P. ve Wolff, F.C., (2010). Vessels at risk and the effectiveness of Port State Control inspections. LEMNA EA 4272. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46479152.
  • Mert, A., (2014). Relationship between detention of ships on Black Sea Memorandum inspections and vessel accidents. Master Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Trabzon.
  • Sümbüloğlu, K. & Sümbüloğlu, V.,(1995), Biyoistatistik, 6. Baskı, Özdemir Yayımcılık, Ankara.
  • Şanlıer, Ş., (2020). Analysis of port state control inspection data: The Black Sea Region. Marine Policy, 112, 1-11.
  • Tsou M.C., (2019). Big data analysis of port state control ship detention database. Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 18(3), 113-121
  • Turk Loydu, PSC Annual Report 2020, İstanbul.
  • Yavuz, S., (2003). Dünya liman devleti denetimi ve liman devleti denetimi ile ilgili Türk Mevzuatının AB Müktesebatıyla uyumlaştırılması için gerekli düzenlemeler. Uzmanlık Tezi. İktisadi Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Uçar, O. F., (2019). Analysis of machine deficiencies of Turkish and foreign flag ships in Black Sea Memorandum of Understanding. Master Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Trabzon.
  • URL-1, www.bsmou.org., (Date Accessed:12 January 2019.
  • URL-2, www.turkloydu.org/tr-tr/yayinlar/liman-devleti-kontrolleri.aspx, (Date Accessed:10 Januarry 2023).
  • Usoro, M.E., (2014). Port state control: a tool for sustainable management of maritime safety and marine environment. Maritime Women: Global Leadership International Conference. World Maritime University, Malmo, Sweden, Retrieved from: https://www.abujamou.org/post/707.pdf.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Maritime Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Okay Ferhat Uçar 0000-0002-1120-7846

Muhammet Boran 0000-0003-3298-9696

Early Pub Date June 15, 2023
Publication Date June 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Uçar, O. F., & Boran, M. (2023). Karadeniz Memorandumu Kapsamında Tutulan Gemilerin Makine Bulgularının Analizi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(2), 601-611. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1249376