ELVERİŞSİZ YÜKLEME DURUMLARINDA TEKİL TEMELLERDE MEYDANA GELEN FARKLI OTURMALARIN ÜST YAPIYA ETKİLERİ
Abstract
Mühendislik yapılarında, üst yapıdan gelen yükler temeller aracılığıyla zemine aktarılmaktadır. Diğer mühendislik yapılarında olduğu gibi temellerin tasarımında da güvenlik ve ekonomi en önemli tasarım kriterleridir. Günümüzde özellikle sanayi tipi yapıların temel sistemi olarak tekil temeller tercih edilebilmektedir. Tekil temellerin en önemli dezavantajı olan farklı oturmalar, üst yapıda ilave zorlamalara neden olmaktadır. Üst yapı tasarımlarının en elverişsiz yükleme koşullarına göre yapılıyor olmasına rağmen, uygulamada kullanılan yük birleşimlerinde farklı oturmalardan kaynaklanan yük etkilerinin genellikle dikkate alınmadığı gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, iki örnek sanayi yapısı modeli oluşturulmuş ve kirişler üzerindeki elverişsiz hareketli yükleme durumları için tekil temellerde oluşan en büyük ve farklı oturmalar belirlenmiştir. Farklı yük birleşimlerine ilave olarak bu farklı oturmaların da kirişlerde kritik eğilme momentlerine etkisi deplasman metodu kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, farklı oturmaların üst yapıda ihmal edilemeyecek büyüklükte eğilme momentlerine sebep olabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Tekil temeller gibi farklı oturmaları kendi içinde tolere edemeyen yapıların tasarımında, oluşacak farklı oturmaların da yük birleşimlerinde mutlaka dikkate alınması gerektiği anlaşılmaktadır.
References
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- Arslan, A., Turgut, P., Calayır, Y., 1996. A Genetic Search Based Arrangement of Load Combinations in Structural Frames. Advances in Computational Structures Technology, Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, 85-91.
- Bowles, J.E., 1997. Foundation Analysis and Design. Civil Engineering Series. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 5th Ed., New York.
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- TBDY-2018. 2018. Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği. Resmi Gazete, Tarih: 18.03.2018, Sayı: 30364.
THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENTIAL SETTLEMENTS OCCURRING ON SINGLE FOUNDATIONS UNDER UNFAVORABLE LOADING CONDITIONS ON THE SUPERSTRUCTURE
Abstract
In engineering structures, superstructure loads are transferred to the ground through foundations. Like in other engineering structures, safety and economy are the most important design criteria in the design of foundations. Today, single foundations can be preferred, especially as the foundation system of industrial-type structures. Differential settlements, the most significant disadvantage of single foundations, cause additional stresses on the superstructure. Although the superstructure designs are made according to the most unfavorable loading conditions, it is observed that the load effects caused by differential settlements are generally not taken into account in the load combinations used in practice. In this study, two sample industrial structure models were created, and maximum and differential settlements in single foundations were determined for unfavorable live loading conditions on beams. In addition to different load combinations, the effect of these differential settlements on the critical bending moments in beams was investigated using the displacement method. At the end of the study, it has been determined that differential settlements can cause bending moments in the superstructure that cannot be neglected. It is understood that in designing structures that cannot tolerate differential settlements, such as single foundations, differential settlements must also be considered in load combinations.
References
- Alessandri, C., Garutti, M., Mallardo, V., Milani, G., 2015. Crack Patterns Induced by Foundation Settlements: Integrated Analysis on a Renaissance Masonry Palace in Italy. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 9:2, 111-129.
- Arslan, A., Turgut, P., Calayır, Y., 1996. A Genetic Search Based Arrangement of Load Combinations in Structural Frames. Advances in Computational Structures Technology, Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, 85-91.
- Bowles, J.E., 1997. Foundation Analysis and Design. Civil Engineering Series. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 5th Ed., New York.
- Chen, X., Wang, X., Wang, H., Agrawal, A.K., Chan, A.H.C., Cheng, Y., 2021. Simulating the Failure of Masonry Walls Subjected to Support Settlement with the Combined Finite-Discrete Element Method. Journal of Building Engineering, 43, 102558, 1-12.
- Celik, H.K., Sakar, G., 2022. A New Study on the Live Load Arrangements in RC Buildings. Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation, 7, Article no. 96, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41024-022-00239-1.
- Doğangün, A., 2018. Betonarme Yapıların Hesap ve Tasarımı. Birsen Yayınevi, 15. Baskı, İstanbul.
- Döven, M.S., Saraçoğlu, M.H., Kaymak, B., Bayer, M.T., 2011. Düzlem Çerçeve Yapıların Elverişsiz Yük Dağılımına Göre Analizi. Xİİ. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı, 2-4 Şubat, Malatya, 675-681.
- Eaton, J.W., Bateman, D., Hauberg, S., Wehbring, R., 2021. GNU Octave Version 6.3.0 Manual: A High-Level Interactive Language for Numerical Computations.
- Ersoy, U., 1992. Çok Katlı Yapıların Çözümünde Hareketli Yük Düzenlenmesi. Teknik Dergi, 3 (13), 555-561.
- Ersoy, U., Özcebe G., 2015. Betonarme. Evrim Yayınevi, 4. Baskı, İstanbul.
- Furlong, R.W., 1981. Rational Analysis of Multistory Concrete Structures. Concrete International. American Concrete Institute (ACI), 3(6), 29-35.
- Giardina, G., Marini, A., Riva, P., Giuriani, E., 2020. Analysis of a Scaled Stone Masonry Facade Subjected to Differential Settlements. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 14:10, 1502-1516.
- Huang, J., 2021. Analysis of the Influence of Differential Consolidation Settlement of Foundation on Redistribution of Internal Forces in Superstructure of Buildings. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 632, 022007, 1-7.
- Lahri, A., Garg, V., 2015. Effect of Differential Settlement on Frame Forces - A Parametric Study. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 4 (9), 453-464.
- Ou, W., Chen, X., Chan, A., Cheng, Y., Wang, H., 2022. FDEM Simulation on the Failure Behavior of Historic Masonry Heritages Subjected to Differential Settlement. Buildings, 12, 1592, 1-20.
- Sabre, A.B.M., Al-Sulayfani, B.J., Mohammad, K.I., 2021. Numerical Study on Nonlinear Behavior of RC Continuous Deep Beams. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1973, 012068, 1-17.
- Shibiru, A.A., 2019. Effects of Foundation Differential Settlement on RC Framed Buildings. M.Sc. Thesis. Addis Ababa Science and Technology University.
- TS 500-2000. 2000. Betonarme Yapıların Tasarım ve Yapım Kuralları. Türk Standardları Enstitüsü. Ankara.
- TBDY-2018. 2018. Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği. Resmi Gazete, Tarih: 18.03.2018, Sayı: 30364.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Civil Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 28, 2023 |
| Submission Date | November 2, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | March 23, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 |
