Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 82 - 100, 15.06.2023

Fulya Islek Yalçın Yüksel Furkan Yuksel

https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.1159096

Abstract

References

  • Aarnes, O.J., Reistad, M., Breivik, Ø., Bitner-Gregersen, E., Ingolf Eide, L., Gramstad, O., Magnusson, A.K., Natvig, B. and Vanem, E. (2017). Projected changes in significant wave height toward the end of the 21st century: Northeast Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122(4), 3394-3303.
  • Battjes, J.A., Janssen, J.P.F.M. (1978). Energy loss and set-up due to breaking of random waves Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Coastal Engineering, ASCE, Hamburg, Germany, 569–587.
  • Booij, N., Ris, R.C., Holthuijsen, L.H. (1999). A third generation wave model for coastal regions, Part I: model description and validation. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (C4), 7649–7666.
  • Cavaleri, L., Bertotti, L. (2005). The improvement of modeled wind and wave fields with increasing resolution. Ocean. Eng. 33, 553–565.
  • Christakos, K., Furevik, B.R., Aarnes, O.J., Breivik, Q., Tuomi, L. and Byrkjedal, Q. (2019). The importance of wind forcing in fjord wave modelling. Ocean Dynamics, 70, 57–75.
  • Dee, D.P., Uppala, S.M., Simmons, A.J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M.A., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., Bechtold, P., Beljaars, A.C.M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Delsol, C., Dragani, R., et al. (2011). The ERA-interim reanalysis configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137, 553–597.
  • DHI (2007). MIKE 21 - Spectral Wave Module - Scientific Document, 42.
  • Elkut, A.E., Taha M.T., Abu Zed, A.E., Eid, F.M., Abdallah, A.M, (2021). Wind-wave hindcast using modified ECMWF ERA-Interim wind field in the Mediterranean Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 252, 107267.
  • Hasselmann, S., Hasselmann, K., Allender, J. H., Barnett, T. P. (1985). Computations and parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer in a gravity-wave spectrum. Part II: parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer for application in wave models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1378–1391.
  • Hersbach, H., Dee, D. (2016). ERA5 reanalysis is in production, ECMWF Newsletter 147, ECMWF. ECMWF Newsl. Vol. 147, 7.
  • Holthuijsen, L., Booij, N., & Herbers, T. (1989). A prediction model for stationary, short-crested waves in shallow water with ambient currents. Coastal Engineering, 13, 23–54.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., Sahin, C. (2020). Spatiotemporal long-term trends of extreme wind characteristics over the Black Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Ocean. 90, 101132.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., Sahin, C., Ari Guner, H.A. (2021). Long-term analysis of extreme wave characteristics based on the SWAN hindcasts over the Black Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Ocean., 94, 101165.
  • Islek, F., and Yuksel, Y. (2021). Inter-comparison of long-term wave power potential in the Black Sea based on the SWAN wave model forced with two different wind fields. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 93, 101192.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., and Sahin C. (2022). Evaluation of regional climate models and future wind characteristics in the Black Sea. International Journal of Climatology, 42, 18771901.
  • Komen, G.J., Cavaleri, L., Donelan, M., Hasselmann, K., Hasselmann, S., Janssen P.A.E.M. (1994). Dynamics and Modelling of Ocean Waves, Cambridge University Press, UK.
  • Mentaschi, L., Besio, G., Cassola, F., Mazzino, A. (2015). Performance evaluation of wavewatch III in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Model. 90, 82–94.
  • Music, S., Nikovic, S. (2008). 44-year wave hindcast for the Eastern Mediterranean. Coastal Engineering, 55(11), 872-880.
  • Ozhan, E., and Abdalla, S. (2002). Wind and Deep Water Wave Atlas of Turkish Coasts, Turkish National Coastal Zone Management Committee/MEDCOAST. Middle East Technical University, Ankara, pp. 445.
  • Ponce de León, S., Guedes Soares, C. (2008). Sensitivity of wave model predictions to wind fields in the Western Mediterranean sea, Coast. Eng. 55 (2008) 920–929.
  • Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Pan, H.-L., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadigai, S., Tripp, P., Kistler, R., Woollen, J., Behringer, D., Liu, H., Stokes, D., Grumbine, R., Gayno, G., Wang, J., Hou, Y.-T., Chuang, H.-Y., Juang, H.-M.H., Sela, J., Iredell, M., Treadon, R., Kleist, D., van Delst, P., Keyser, D., Derber, J. et al. (2010). The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 91, 1015–1057.
  • Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadiga, S., Tripp, P., Behringer, D., Hou, Y.-T., Chuang, H., Iredell, M., Ek, M., Meng, J., Yang, R., Mendez, M.P., van den Dool, H., Zhang, Q., Wang, W., Chen, M., Becker, E. (2014). The NCEP climate forecast system version 2. J. Clim. 27, 2185–2208.
  • Swain, J. (1997). Simulation of Wave Climate for the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, PhD Thesis. Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi.
  • Tolman, H.L. (1991). A third generation model for wind waves on slowly varying, unsteady, and inhomogeneous depths and currents. J. Geophys. Res. 21, 782–797.
  • WAMDI Group (1988). The WAM model – a third generation ocean wave prediction model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18, 1775–1810.
  • Vannucchi, V., Taddei, S., Capecchi, V., Bendoni m., Brandini, C. (2021). Dynamical Downscaling of ERA5 data on the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: from atmosphere to high-resolution coastalwave climate. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 9, 208.
  • Yuksel, Y., Yuksel, Z.T. and Sahin C. (2020). Effect of long-term wave climate variability on performance-based design of coastal structures. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 23(4), 407-416.

Assessment of Spectral Wave Model Performance Using Three Wind Speeds in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 82 - 100, 15.06.2023

Fulya Islek Yalçın Yüksel Furkan Yuksel

https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.1159096

Abstract

In the study, the performance of the MIKE 21 SW (Spectral Wave) model using the three different wind fields, namely ERA-Interim, ERA5, and CFSR was evaluated in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Model results were calibrated with four buoy measurements by tuning physical model parameters. Wave simulations showed a strong sensitivity to the whitecapping parameter (Cds). Calibrated MIKE 21 SW model run to validate at two buoy measurements. Considering the statistical error measures: (i) ERA-I predicted lower significant wave heights and wave periods than ERA5 and CFSR, (ii) statistical error measures (bias, RMSE, and SI) obtained with CFSR were calculated slightly higher than those obtained using ERA5 (iii) ERA5 performed slightly better in the hindcast of Eastern Mediterranean wave properties than ERA-I. As a result of all evaluations, the highest correlation coefficient (R), relatively low statistical error measures, and slightly better accuracy were provided by the model settings forced with ERA5 wind fields.

Keywords

MIKE 21 SW Mediterranean Sea ERA-Interim ERA5 CFSR wave model calibration

References

  • Aarnes, O.J., Reistad, M., Breivik, Ø., Bitner-Gregersen, E., Ingolf Eide, L., Gramstad, O., Magnusson, A.K., Natvig, B. and Vanem, E. (2017). Projected changes in significant wave height toward the end of the 21st century: Northeast Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122(4), 3394-3303.
  • Battjes, J.A., Janssen, J.P.F.M. (1978). Energy loss and set-up due to breaking of random waves Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Coastal Engineering, ASCE, Hamburg, Germany, 569–587.
  • Booij, N., Ris, R.C., Holthuijsen, L.H. (1999). A third generation wave model for coastal regions, Part I: model description and validation. J. Geophys. Res. 104 (C4), 7649–7666.
  • Cavaleri, L., Bertotti, L. (2005). The improvement of modeled wind and wave fields with increasing resolution. Ocean. Eng. 33, 553–565.
  • Christakos, K., Furevik, B.R., Aarnes, O.J., Breivik, Q., Tuomi, L. and Byrkjedal, Q. (2019). The importance of wind forcing in fjord wave modelling. Ocean Dynamics, 70, 57–75.
  • Dee, D.P., Uppala, S.M., Simmons, A.J., Berrisford, P., Poli, P., Kobayashi, S., Andrae, U., Balmaseda, M.A., Balsamo, G., Bauer, P., Bechtold, P., Beljaars, A.C.M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Delsol, C., Dragani, R., et al. (2011). The ERA-interim reanalysis configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137, 553–597.
  • DHI (2007). MIKE 21 - Spectral Wave Module - Scientific Document, 42.
  • Elkut, A.E., Taha M.T., Abu Zed, A.E., Eid, F.M., Abdallah, A.M, (2021). Wind-wave hindcast using modified ECMWF ERA-Interim wind field in the Mediterranean Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 252, 107267.
  • Hasselmann, S., Hasselmann, K., Allender, J. H., Barnett, T. P. (1985). Computations and parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer in a gravity-wave spectrum. Part II: parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer for application in wave models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1378–1391.
  • Hersbach, H., Dee, D. (2016). ERA5 reanalysis is in production, ECMWF Newsletter 147, ECMWF. ECMWF Newsl. Vol. 147, 7.
  • Holthuijsen, L., Booij, N., & Herbers, T. (1989). A prediction model for stationary, short-crested waves in shallow water with ambient currents. Coastal Engineering, 13, 23–54.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., Sahin, C. (2020). Spatiotemporal long-term trends of extreme wind characteristics over the Black Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Ocean. 90, 101132.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., Sahin, C., Ari Guner, H.A. (2021). Long-term analysis of extreme wave characteristics based on the SWAN hindcasts over the Black Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Ocean., 94, 101165.
  • Islek, F., and Yuksel, Y. (2021). Inter-comparison of long-term wave power potential in the Black Sea based on the SWAN wave model forced with two different wind fields. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 93, 101192.
  • Islek, F., Yuksel, Y., and Sahin C. (2022). Evaluation of regional climate models and future wind characteristics in the Black Sea. International Journal of Climatology, 42, 18771901.
  • Komen, G.J., Cavaleri, L., Donelan, M., Hasselmann, K., Hasselmann, S., Janssen P.A.E.M. (1994). Dynamics and Modelling of Ocean Waves, Cambridge University Press, UK.
  • Mentaschi, L., Besio, G., Cassola, F., Mazzino, A. (2015). Performance evaluation of wavewatch III in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Model. 90, 82–94.
  • Music, S., Nikovic, S. (2008). 44-year wave hindcast for the Eastern Mediterranean. Coastal Engineering, 55(11), 872-880.
  • Ozhan, E., and Abdalla, S. (2002). Wind and Deep Water Wave Atlas of Turkish Coasts, Turkish National Coastal Zone Management Committee/MEDCOAST. Middle East Technical University, Ankara, pp. 445.
  • Ponce de León, S., Guedes Soares, C. (2008). Sensitivity of wave model predictions to wind fields in the Western Mediterranean sea, Coast. Eng. 55 (2008) 920–929.
  • Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Pan, H.-L., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadigai, S., Tripp, P., Kistler, R., Woollen, J., Behringer, D., Liu, H., Stokes, D., Grumbine, R., Gayno, G., Wang, J., Hou, Y.-T., Chuang, H.-Y., Juang, H.-M.H., Sela, J., Iredell, M., Treadon, R., Kleist, D., van Delst, P., Keyser, D., Derber, J. et al. (2010). The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 91, 1015–1057.
  • Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadiga, S., Tripp, P., Behringer, D., Hou, Y.-T., Chuang, H., Iredell, M., Ek, M., Meng, J., Yang, R., Mendez, M.P., van den Dool, H., Zhang, Q., Wang, W., Chen, M., Becker, E. (2014). The NCEP climate forecast system version 2. J. Clim. 27, 2185–2208.
  • Swain, J. (1997). Simulation of Wave Climate for the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, PhD Thesis. Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi.
  • Tolman, H.L. (1991). A third generation model for wind waves on slowly varying, unsteady, and inhomogeneous depths and currents. J. Geophys. Res. 21, 782–797.
  • WAMDI Group (1988). The WAM model – a third generation ocean wave prediction model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18, 1775–1810.
  • Vannucchi, V., Taddei, S., Capecchi, V., Bendoni m., Brandini, C. (2021). Dynamical Downscaling of ERA5 data on the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: from atmosphere to high-resolution coastalwave climate. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 9, 208.
  • Yuksel, Y., Yuksel, Z.T. and Sahin C. (2020). Effect of long-term wave climate variability on performance-based design of coastal structures. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 23(4), 407-416.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering, Oceanography
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fulya Islek 0000-0003-1090-0523

Yalçın Yüksel 0000-0001-6949-5345

Furkan Yuksel 0000-0001-5406-3451

Publication Date June 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Islek, F., Yüksel, Y., & Yuksel, F. (2023). Assessment of Spectral Wave Model Performance Using Three Wind Speeds in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 10(2), 82-100. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.1159096

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