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Effect of the Wrapping Layers Number and Length on the Flexural Properties of Chestnut Beams Reinforced with Basalt-FRP

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 23 - 30, 31.12.2023

Yasemin Şimşek Türker Şemsettin Kılınçarslan

Abstract

Traditional wooden structures often face deterioration due to elevated levels of humidity and temperature. When wood beams suffer dam-age, the typical approach has been either replacement or reinforcement with steel. However, there remains a pressing need to fortify and restore these structures, thus averting the necessity for demolition. The strengthening and rehabilitation of such existing wooden edifices have emerged as a focal point for numerous re-searchers. In recent times, Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are used in various areas such as buildings and bridges due to their ease of application, light weight, high strength and resistance to environmental effects. A multitude of researchers have successfully employed FRP composite materials in fortifying wooden members and structures. In this study, 70x70x1200 mm chestnut beams were strengthened 1, 2, 3 layers and 300 mm, 600 mm, 900 mm length with Basalt-FRP fabrics. Beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers were subjected to bending tests. As a result of the bending test, it was determined that the bending properties of the beam increased as the number of wraps and length increased.

Keywords

Wrapping layers number chestnut beams Basalt-FRP wrapping length

References

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  • [24] Y. F. Li, M. J. Tsai, T. F. Wei and W. C. Wang, “A study on wood beams strengthened by FRP composite materials,’’ Construction and Building Materials, vol. 62, 118-125, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.036
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Sargılama Tabaka Sayısı ve Uzunluğunun Bazalt-FRP ile Güçlendirilmiş Kestane Kirişlerin Eğilme Özelliklerine Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 23 - 30, 31.12.2023

Yasemin Şimşek Türker Şemsettin Kılınçarslan

Abstract

Geleneksel ahşap yapılar genellikle yüksek nem ve sıcaklık nedeniyle bozulmayla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Ahşap kirişler hasar gördüğünde genel olarak çelik eleman ile güçlendirme veya yer değiştirme yapılmaktadır. Yapıların güçlendirilmesi ve restore edilmesi, yıkım zorunluluğunun ortadan kaldırılması yönünde bir ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu tür mevcut ahşap yapıların güçlendirilmesi ve rehabilitasyonu birçok araştırmacının odak noktası olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Son zamanlarda, Fiber Takviyeli Polimerler (FRP) uygulama kolaylığı, hafif olması, dayanımının yüksek olması, çevresel etkilere karşı dirençli olması sebebiyle binalar ve köprüler gibi çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Çok sayıda araştırmacı, ahşap elemanların ve yapıların güçlendirilmesinde FRP kompozit malzemeleri başarıyla kullanmıştır. Bu çalışmada 70x70x1200 mm kestane kirişler 1, 2, 3 kat ve 300 mm, 600 mm, 900 mm uzunlukta Bazalt-FRP kumaş ile güçlendirilmiştir. Fiber takviyeli polimerlerle güçlendirilmiş kirişler eğilme testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Eğilme testi sonucunda sargılama sayısı ve uzunluğu arttıkça kirişin eğilme özelliklerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Sarma katmanları sayısı kestane kirişler Bazalt-FRP sarma uzunluğu

References

  • [1] H.T. Sahin, M.B. Arslan, S. Korkut and C. Sahin, “Colour changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, european hophornbeam and oak,’’ Color Research & Application, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 462-466, 2011. doi: 10.1002/col.20634
  • [2] S. D. Sofuoglu, M. Tosun and A. Atılgan, “Determination of the machining characteristics of Uludağ fir (Abies nordmanniana Mattf.) densified by compressing,’’ Wood Material Science & Engineering, vol. 18, no.3, pp. 841-851, 2023. doi: 10.1080/17480272.2022.2080586
  • [3] C. Sahin, M. Topay and A.A. Var, “A study on some wood species for landscape applications: surface color, hardness and roughness changes at outdoor conditions,’’ Wood Research, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 395-404, 2020. doi: 10.37763/wr.1336-4561/65.3.395404
  • [4] S. Kilincarslan and Y. S. Turker, “Experimental investigation of the rotational behaviour of glulam column-beam joints reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer composites,’’ Composite Structures, pp. 262, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.113612
  • [5] N. Plevris and T. C. Triantafillou, “Creep behavior of FRP-reinforced wood members,” Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 174-186, 1995. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:2(174)
  • [6] T. C. Triantafillou “Shear reinforcement of wood using FRP materials,’’ Journal of materials in civil engineering, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 65-69, 1997.
  • [7] A. Wdowiak-Postulak, M. Wieruszewski, F. Bahleda, J. Prokop and J. Brol, “fibre-reinforced polymers and steel for the reinforcement of wooden elements-experimental and numerical analysis,” Polymers, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 2062, 2023. doi: 10.3390/polym15092062
  • [8] S. Kilincarslan and Y. S. Turker, “Experimental and numerical investigation of flexural properties of solid wood materials reinforced with various FRP,’’ Sakarya University Journal Of Science, vol. 27, no.4, pp. 895-901, 2023. doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1064612
  • [9] I. Smith and M. A. Snow, “Timber: An ancient construction material with a bright future,’’ The Forestry Chronicle, vol. 84, no.4, pp. 504-510, 2008. doi: 10.5558/tfc84504-4
  • [10] Z. Chen, E. Zhu, J. Pan and G. Wu, “Energy-dissipation performance of typical beam-column joints in Yingxian Wood Pagoda: experimental study,” Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, vol. 30, no.3, 04015028, 2015.doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000771
  • [11] S. Kilincarslan and Y. Simsek Turker, “Evaluation in terms of sustainability of wood materials reinforced with FRP,’’ Journal of Technical Sciences, vol. 10, no.1, pp. 22-30, 2020. doi: 10.35354/tbed.615101
  • [12] J. H. Ulaşan, A. Bajraktari, N. Döngel, H. Ö. Imirzi and C. Söğütlü, “Modulus of elasticity and flexural behavior of glulam beams reinforced with steel mesh in different mesh openings,’’ Materials, vol.16, no.12, pp. 4307, 2023. doi: 10.3390/ma16124307
  • [13] G. M. Raftery and P. D. Rodd, “FRP reinforcement of low-grade glulam timber bonded with wood adhesive,’’ Construction and building materials, vol. 91, PP. 116-125, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.026
  • [14] M. Bazli, M. Heitzmann and B. V. Hernandez, “Durability of fibre-reinforced polymer-wood composite members: An overview,’’ Composite Structures, vol. 295, 115827, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115827
  • [15] H. J. Dagher, T. E. Kimball, S. M. Shaler and B. Abdel-Magid, ‘’Effect of FRP reinforcement on low grade eastern hemlock glulams’’ In Proc., National Conf. on Wood Transportation Structures (pp. 207-215). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, October, 1996.
  • [16] K. U. Schober, A. M. Harte, R. Kliger, R. Jockwer, Q. Xu and J. F. Chen “FRP reinforcement of timber structures,’’ Construction and building materials, vol. 97, pp. 106-118, 2015. doi: 10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2015.06.020
  • [17] W. G. Davids, H. J. Dagher and J. M. Breton, “Modeling creep deformations of FRP-reinforced glulam beams,’’ Wood and fiber science, vol. 32, no.4, pp. 426-441, 2000.
  • [18] Y. F. Li, M. J. Tsai, T. F. Wei and W. C. Wang “A study on wood beams strengthened by FRP composite materials,’’ Construction and Building Materials, vol. 62, pp. 118-125, 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.036 [19] S. Kilincarslan, Y. Simsek Turker and M. Ince. “Prediction of Flexural Properties of Wood Material Reinforced with Various FRP Fabrics by Artificial Neural Networks,’’ Düzce University Journal of Science & Technology, vol. 9, no.6, pp.188-194, 2021. doi:10.29130/dubited.1015572
  • [20] A. Borri, M. Corradi and A. Grazini, “FRP reinforcement of wood elements under bending loads,’’ In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Structural Faults, Repair, (Vol. 13), July, 2003, London, UK[Online]. Available: https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/3447568, [Accessed: 10 Sept. 2022]
  • [21] M. Bazli, M. Heitzmann and B. V. Hernandez, “Durability of fibre-reinforced polymer-wood composite members: An overview,’’ Composite Structures, vol. 295, 115827, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115827
  • [22] H. J. Dagher, T. E. Kimball, S. M. Shaler and B. Abdel-Magid, “Effect of FRP reinforcement on low grade eastern hemlock glulams,’’ In Proc., National Conf. on Wood Transportation Structures (pp. 207-215). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, (October, 1996)
  • [23] S. Kilincarslan and Y. Simsek Turker, “Strengthening of solid beam with fiber reinforced polymers,’’ Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 166-171, 2022. doi: 10.31127/tuje.1026075
  • [24] Y. F. Li, M. J. Tsai, T. F. Wei and W. C. Wang, “A study on wood beams strengthened by FRP composite materials,’’ Construction and Building Materials, vol. 62, 118-125, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.036
  • [25] T. Smith, F. C. Ponzo, A. Di Cesare, S. Pampanin, D. Carradine, A. H. Buchanan and D. Nigro, “Post-tensioned glulam beam-column joints with advanced damping systems: testing and numerical analysis,’’ Journal of Earthquake Engineering, vol. 18, no.1, pp. 147-167, 2014. doi: 10.1080/13632469.2013.835291
  • [26] M. He, J. Luo, D. Tao, Z. Li, Y. Sun and G. He, “Rotational behavior of bolted glulam beam-to-column connections with knee brace,’’ Engineering Structures, vol. 207, 110251, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110251
  • [27] A. Wdowiak-Postulak, “Strengthening of structural flexural glued laminated beams of ashlar with cords and carbon laminates,” Materials, vol. 15, no. 23, 8303, 2022. doi: 10.3390/ma15238303
  • [28] N. Guo, T. Liu, M. Xu and Y. Zhao, “Influence of steel wires on the seismic performance of prestressed glulam beam-column bolted connections,” Wood Material Science & Engineering, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 718-731, 2023. doi:10.1080/17480272.2022.2073470
  • [29] S. W. Han and S. H. Lee, “Cyclic behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite corner joints,’’ Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 47, pp. 1-18, 2022. doi: doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103892
  • [30] F. Micelli, V. Scialpi and A. La Tegola, “Flexural reinforcement of glulam timber beams and joints with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer rods,’’ Journal of Composites for Construction, vol.4, no.9, pp.337–347, 2005. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:4(337)
  • [31] L. De Lorenzis, V. Scialpi and A. La Tegola, “Analytical and experimental study on bonded-in CFRP bars in glulam wood,’’ Composite Part B: Engineering, vol. 36, no.4, pp. 279– 289, 2005. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2004.11.005
  • [32] H. Johnsson, T. Blanksvard and A. Carolin, “Glulam members strengthened by carbon fibre reinforcement,’’ Materials and Structures, 40, 47–56, 2006. Doi: 10.1617/s11527-006-9119-7
  • [33] T.R. Gentry, “Performance of glued-laminated timbers with FRP shear and flexural reinforcement,’’ Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 861–870, 2011. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.00002
  • [34]A.S. Mosallam and S. Banerjee, “Enhancement in in-plane shear capacity of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer composites,’’ Compos Part B Eng, vol. 42, no.6, pp. 1657-70, 2011. doi: 0.1016/j.compositesb.2011.03.015
  • [35] A.S. Mosallam, M.M. Taha, J.J. Kim and A. Nasr, “Strength and ductility of RC slabs strengthened with hybrid high-performance composite retrofit system,’’ Eng Struct, vol. 36, pp.70-80 March 2012, 2012.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.11.022
  • [36] A.S. Mosallam, A. Bayraktar, M. Elmikawi, S. Pul and S. Adanur, “Polymer composites in construction: an overview,’’. SOJ Mater Sci Eng, vol. 2, no.1, pp. 125, 2014.
  • [37]R. Lopez-Anido, A. Michael and T.C. Sandford, “Experimental characterization of FRP composite wood pile structural response by bending tests,’’ Mar Struct, vol. 16, 257, 74, 2003. doi: 10.1016/S0951-8339(03)00021-2
  • [38] J. Brody, A. Richard, K. Sebesta, K. Wallace, Y. Hong and R. Anido, “FRP-WoodConcrete composite bridge girders. In: Advanced Technology in structural engineering,’’ ASCE structures congress 2000, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, May 8–10; p. 1-10, 2000.
  • [39] J.R. Gilfillan, S.G. Gilbert and G.R.H. Patrick, “The use of FRP composites in enhancing the structural behavior of timber beams,” J Reinf Plastics Compos, vol. 22, no.15, pp.1373-88, 2003
  • [40] Y. Gao, Y. Wu, X. Zhu, L. Zhu, Z. Yu and Y. Wu, “Numerical analysis of the bending properties of cathay poplar glulam,’’ Materials, 8(10), 7059-7073, 2015
  • [41] T. Pupsys, M. Corradi, A. Borri and L. Amess, “Bending reinforcement of full-scale timber beams with mechanically attached GFRP composite plates,’’. Dept. of Mechanical & Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, July 2017. United Kingdom
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There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Construction Materials
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yasemin Şimşek Türker 0000-0002-3080-0215

Şemsettin Kılınçarslan 0000-0001-8253-9357

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date November 19, 2023
Acceptance Date December 20, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 4

Cite

IEEE Y. Şimşek Türker and Ş. Kılınçarslan, “Effect of the Wrapping Layers Number and Length on the Flexural Properties of Chestnut Beams Reinforced with Basalt-FRP”, GJES, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 23–30, 2023.
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