Research Article
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Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 19 - 28, 20.03.2024

Fuat Kartal Arslan Kaptan

https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1339622

Abstract

The method known as additive manufacturing causes high surface roughness between layers depending on the technique used at the end of the product development process. This can be an important problem in three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing depending on the usage area. To solve this problem, in this experimental study, the effect of vibratory tumbling (VT) on surface roughness in 3D printing was investigated using garnet abrasive particles. Optimization with the best parameters was also performed and the results were analyzed. This experimental study investigated the effect of vibratory tumbling on surface roughness in 3D printing produced from Polylactic acid (PLA) material using garnet abrasive particles. The surface roughness (Ra) values were measured at different vibration durations for each mesh size. The results provide insights into the impact of vibratory tumbling on surface roughness in 3D-printed parts. The study involved subjecting the printed parts to vibratory tumbling using garnet abrasive particles of various mesh sizes (80, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180, and 220 mesh). Surface roughness measurements were taken at different vibration durations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours) for each mesh size. A surface roughness measuring device was used to obtain the roughness values. The findings reveal that vibratory tumbling with garnet abrasive particles effectively reduces surface roughness in 3D printed parts. As the vibration duration increased, smoother surfaces were achieved. The data collected for each mesh size and vibration duration offer valuable insights into the relationship between vibratory tumbling and surface roughness in 3D printing. The surface roughness of the printed samples was reduced by 60% on average by using the optimum values after post-process. This research highlights the potential of vibratory tumbling as a viable method for improving surface roughness in 3D printing applications. Emphasis is placed on optimizing the vibration duration and selecting the appropriate mesh size to achieve the desired surface quality. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the effect of vibratory tumbling on surface roughness in 3D printing and provides considerable insights for enhancing surface quality in additive manufacturing processes.

Keywords

3D printing surface roughness vibratory tumbling garnet abrasive additive manufacturing polylactic acid part.

Supporting Institution

KAstamonu University

Project Number

KÜBAP-01/2022-38

Thanks

This study was supported by Kastamonu University Scientific Research Coordinatorship for supporting this study with project number KÜBAP-01/2022-38. The authors thank the aforementioned institution.

References

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  • [2] Dizon, J. R. C., Gache, C. C. L., Cascolan, H. M. S., Cancino, L. T., & Advincula, R. C. (2021). Post-processing of 3D-printed polymers. Technologies, 9(3), 61. DOI: 10.3390/technologies9030061.
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  • [4] Özsoy, K., & Aksoy, B. (2022). Real-time data analysis with artificial intelligence in parts manufactured by FDM printer using image processing method. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 50(1), 629-645. DOI: 10.1520/jte20210125
  • [5] Duman, B., & Özsoy, K. (2021). Toz yatak füzyon birleştirme eklemeli imalatta kusur tespiti için öğrenme aktarımı kullanan derin öğrenme tabanlı bir yaklaşım. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 361-376. DOI: 10.17341/gazimmfd.870436
  • [6] Moradi, M., Karami Moghadam, M., Shamsborhan, M., Bodaghi, M., & Falavandi, H. (2020). Post-processing of FDM 3D-printed polylactic acid parts by laser beam cutting. Polymers, 12(3), 550. DOI: 10.3390/polym12030550.
  • [7] Dixit, N., Sharma, V., & Kumar, P. (2022). Experimental investigations into abrasive flow machining (AFM) of 3D printed ABS and PLA parts. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 28(1), 161-174. DOI: 10.1108/RPJ-01-2021-0013.
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  • [9] Pandey P, Venkata Reddy N, and Dhande S. (2003). Improvement of surface finish by staircase machining in fused deposition modeling. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 132, 323-331. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00953-6.
  • [10] Sood A, Ohdar R, and Mahapatra S. (2009). Improving dimensional accuracy of Fused Deposition Modelling processed part using grey Taguchi method. Mater. Des., 30, 4243-4252. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.030.
  • [11] Ahn D, Kim H, and Lee S. (2009). Surface roughness prediction using measured data and interpolation in layered manufacturing. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209, 664-671. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.050.
  • [12] Mohamed O, Masood S, and Bhowmik J. (2016). Mathematical modeling and FDM process parameters optimization using response surface methodology based on Q-optimal design. Appl. Math. Modell., 40, 10052-10073. DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2016.06.055.
  • [13] Ahn D, Kweon J, Kwon S, Song J, and Lee S. (2009). Representation of surface roughness in fused deposition modeling. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209, 5593-5600. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.05.016.
  • [14] Ibrahim D, Ding S, and Sun S. (2014). Roughness Prediction for FDM Produced Surfaces. International Conference Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology, pp. 70-74.
  • [15] Reddy V, Flys O, Chaparral A, Berrimi C, A V, and Rosen B. (2018). Study on the surface texture of Fused Deposition Modeling. Procedia Manufacturing, 25, 389-396. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2018.06.108.
  • [16] Akande S O. (2015). Dimensional accuracy and surface finish optimization of fused deposition modeling parts using desirability function analysis. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 4. DOI: 10.17577/IJERTV4IS040393.
  • [17] Boschetto A, Bottini L, and Veniali F. (2016). Finishing of fused deposition modeling parts by CNC machining. Rob. Comput. Integr. Manuf., 41, 92-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcim.2016.03.004.
  • [18] Adel M, Abdelaal O, Gad A, Nasr A, and Khalil A. (2018). Polishing of fused deposition modeling products by hot air jet: evaluation of surface roughness. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 251, 73-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.07.019.
  • [19] Taufik M, and Jain P. (2017). Laser-assisted finishing process for improved surface finish of fused deposition modeled parts. J. Manuf. Processes, 30, 161-177. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.09.020.
  • [20] Lalehpour A, Janeteas C, and Barari A. (2017). Surface roughness of FDM parts after post-processing with acetone vapor bath smoothing process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 95, 1505-1520. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-017-1165-5.
  • [21] Galantucci L, Lavecchia F, and Percoco G. (2009). Experimental study aiming to enhance the surface finish of fused deposition modeled parts. CIRP Ann., 58, 189-192. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2009.03.071.
  • [22] Galantucci L, Lavecchia F, and Percoco G. (2010). Quantitative analysis of a chemical treatment to reduce the roughness of parts fabricated using fused deposition modeling. CIRP Ann., 59, 247-250. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2010.03.074.
  • [23] Garg A, Bhattacharya A, and Batish A. (2016). Chemical vapor treatment of ABS parts built by FDM: Analysis of surface finish and mechanical strength. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 89, 2175-2191. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-9257-1.
  • [24] Singh R, Singh S, Singh I, Fabbrocino F, and Fraternali F. (2017). Investigation for surface finish improvement of FDM parts by vapor smoothing process. Composites Part B: Engineering, 111, 228-234. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.11.062.
  • [25] Farbman D, and McCoy C. (2016). Materials testing of 3D printed ABS and PLA samples to guide mechanical design. Materials; Biomanufacturing; Properties, Applications, and Systems; Sustainable Manufacturing, 2, MSEC2016-8668, V002T01A015. DOI: 10.1115/MSEC2016-8668.
  • [26] Singh R, Kumar R, Farina I, Colangelo F, Feo L, and Fraternali F. (2019). Multi-material additive manufacturing of sustainable, innovative materials and structures. Polymers, 11, 62. DOI: 10.3390/polym11010062.
  • [27] Pei, E., Nsengimana, J., & Van Der Walt, J. G. (2021). Improvement of Surface Finish for Additive Manufactured Parts-A Comparison Study of Six Post Processing Techniques. Brunel University Research Archive (BURA), London.
  • [28] Kumbhar, N. N., & Mulay, A. V. (2018). Post processing methods used to improve surface finish of products which are manufactured by additive manufacturing technologies: a review. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 99, 481-487. DOI: 10.1007/s40032-016-0340-z.

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 19 - 28, 20.03.2024

Fuat Kartal Arslan Kaptan

https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1339622

Abstract

Project Number

KÜBAP-01/2022-38

References

  • [1] Zhang, X., & Chen, L. (2020). Effects of laser scanning speed on surface roughness and mechanical properties of aluminum/Polylactic Acid (Al/PLA) composites parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling. Polymer Testing, 91, 106785. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106785.
  • [2] Dizon, J. R. C., Gache, C. C. L., Cascolan, H. M. S., Cancino, L. T., & Advincula, R. C. (2021). Post-processing of 3D-printed polymers. Technologies, 9(3), 61. DOI: 10.3390/technologies9030061.
  • [3] Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2023). Investigating the Effect of Nozzle Diameter on Tensile Strength in 3D-Printed PLA Parts. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 6(3), 276-287. DOI: 10.34248/bsengineering.1287141.
  • [4] Özsoy, K., & Aksoy, B. (2022). Real-time data analysis with artificial intelligence in parts manufactured by FDM printer using image processing method. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 50(1), 629-645. DOI: 10.1520/jte20210125
  • [5] Duman, B., & Özsoy, K. (2021). Toz yatak füzyon birleştirme eklemeli imalatta kusur tespiti için öğrenme aktarımı kullanan derin öğrenme tabanlı bir yaklaşım. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 361-376. DOI: 10.17341/gazimmfd.870436
  • [6] Moradi, M., Karami Moghadam, M., Shamsborhan, M., Bodaghi, M., & Falavandi, H. (2020). Post-processing of FDM 3D-printed polylactic acid parts by laser beam cutting. Polymers, 12(3), 550. DOI: 10.3390/polym12030550.
  • [7] Dixit, N., Sharma, V., & Kumar, P. (2022). Experimental investigations into abrasive flow machining (AFM) of 3D printed ABS and PLA parts. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 28(1), 161-174. DOI: 10.1108/RPJ-01-2021-0013.
  • [8] Mohamed O A, Masood S H, and Bhowmik J.L. (2015). Optimization of fused deposition modeling process parameters: a review of current research and prospects. Advances in Manufacturing, 3, 42-53. DOI: 10.1007/s40436-014-0097-7.
  • [9] Pandey P, Venkata Reddy N, and Dhande S. (2003). Improvement of surface finish by staircase machining in fused deposition modeling. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 132, 323-331. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00953-6.
  • [10] Sood A, Ohdar R, and Mahapatra S. (2009). Improving dimensional accuracy of Fused Deposition Modelling processed part using grey Taguchi method. Mater. Des., 30, 4243-4252. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.030.
  • [11] Ahn D, Kim H, and Lee S. (2009). Surface roughness prediction using measured data and interpolation in layered manufacturing. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209, 664-671. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.050.
  • [12] Mohamed O, Masood S, and Bhowmik J. (2016). Mathematical modeling and FDM process parameters optimization using response surface methodology based on Q-optimal design. Appl. Math. Modell., 40, 10052-10073. DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2016.06.055.
  • [13] Ahn D, Kweon J, Kwon S, Song J, and Lee S. (2009). Representation of surface roughness in fused deposition modeling. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209, 5593-5600. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.05.016.
  • [14] Ibrahim D, Ding S, and Sun S. (2014). Roughness Prediction for FDM Produced Surfaces. International Conference Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology, pp. 70-74.
  • [15] Reddy V, Flys O, Chaparral A, Berrimi C, A V, and Rosen B. (2018). Study on the surface texture of Fused Deposition Modeling. Procedia Manufacturing, 25, 389-396. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2018.06.108.
  • [16] Akande S O. (2015). Dimensional accuracy and surface finish optimization of fused deposition modeling parts using desirability function analysis. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 4. DOI: 10.17577/IJERTV4IS040393.
  • [17] Boschetto A, Bottini L, and Veniali F. (2016). Finishing of fused deposition modeling parts by CNC machining. Rob. Comput. Integr. Manuf., 41, 92-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcim.2016.03.004.
  • [18] Adel M, Abdelaal O, Gad A, Nasr A, and Khalil A. (2018). Polishing of fused deposition modeling products by hot air jet: evaluation of surface roughness. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 251, 73-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.07.019.
  • [19] Taufik M, and Jain P. (2017). Laser-assisted finishing process for improved surface finish of fused deposition modeled parts. J. Manuf. Processes, 30, 161-177. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.09.020.
  • [20] Lalehpour A, Janeteas C, and Barari A. (2017). Surface roughness of FDM parts after post-processing with acetone vapor bath smoothing process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 95, 1505-1520. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-017-1165-5.
  • [21] Galantucci L, Lavecchia F, and Percoco G. (2009). Experimental study aiming to enhance the surface finish of fused deposition modeled parts. CIRP Ann., 58, 189-192. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2009.03.071.
  • [22] Galantucci L, Lavecchia F, and Percoco G. (2010). Quantitative analysis of a chemical treatment to reduce the roughness of parts fabricated using fused deposition modeling. CIRP Ann., 59, 247-250. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2010.03.074.
  • [23] Garg A, Bhattacharya A, and Batish A. (2016). Chemical vapor treatment of ABS parts built by FDM: Analysis of surface finish and mechanical strength. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 89, 2175-2191. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-9257-1.
  • [24] Singh R, Singh S, Singh I, Fabbrocino F, and Fraternali F. (2017). Investigation for surface finish improvement of FDM parts by vapor smoothing process. Composites Part B: Engineering, 111, 228-234. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.11.062.
  • [25] Farbman D, and McCoy C. (2016). Materials testing of 3D printed ABS and PLA samples to guide mechanical design. Materials; Biomanufacturing; Properties, Applications, and Systems; Sustainable Manufacturing, 2, MSEC2016-8668, V002T01A015. DOI: 10.1115/MSEC2016-8668.
  • [26] Singh R, Kumar R, Farina I, Colangelo F, Feo L, and Fraternali F. (2019). Multi-material additive manufacturing of sustainable, innovative materials and structures. Polymers, 11, 62. DOI: 10.3390/polym11010062.
  • [27] Pei, E., Nsengimana, J., & Van Der Walt, J. G. (2021). Improvement of Surface Finish for Additive Manufactured Parts-A Comparison Study of Six Post Processing Techniques. Brunel University Research Archive (BURA), London.
  • [28] Kumbhar, N. N., & Mulay, A. V. (2018). Post processing methods used to improve surface finish of products which are manufactured by additive manufacturing technologies: a review. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 99, 481-487. DOI: 10.1007/s40032-016-0340-z.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Optimization Techniques in Mechanical Engineering, Material Design and Behaviors
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fuat Kartal 0000-0002-2567-9705

Arslan Kaptan 0000-0002-2431-9329

Project Number KÜBAP-01/2022-38
Early Pub Date January 23, 2024
Publication Date March 20, 2024
Acceptance Date November 14, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2024). Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. European Mechanical Science, 8(1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1339622
AMA Kartal F, Kaptan A. Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. EMS. March 2024;8(1):19-28. doi:10.26701/ems.1339622
Chicago Kartal, Fuat, and Arslan Kaptan. “Experimental Investigation and Optimization of the Effect Garnet Vibratory Tumbling As a Post-Process on the Surface Quality of 3D Printed PLA Parts”. European Mechanical Science 8, no. 1 (March 2024): 19-28. https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1339622.
EndNote Kartal F, Kaptan A (March 1, 2024) Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. European Mechanical Science 8 1 19–28.
IEEE F. Kartal and A. Kaptan, “Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts”, EMS, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 19–28, 2024, doi: 10.26701/ems.1339622.
ISNAD Kartal, Fuat - Kaptan, Arslan. “Experimental Investigation and Optimization of the Effect Garnet Vibratory Tumbling As a Post-Process on the Surface Quality of 3D Printed PLA Parts”. European Mechanical Science 8/1 (March 2024), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1339622.
JAMA Kartal F, Kaptan A. Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. EMS. 2024;8:19–28.
MLA Kartal, Fuat and Arslan Kaptan. “Experimental Investigation and Optimization of the Effect Garnet Vibratory Tumbling As a Post-Process on the Surface Quality of 3D Printed PLA Parts”. European Mechanical Science, vol. 8, no. 1, 2024, pp. 19-28, doi:10.26701/ems.1339622.
Vancouver Kartal F, Kaptan A. Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. EMS. 2024;8(1):19-28.
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