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Endüstriyel atıksuların arıtımında yapay sulak alanların kullanımı

Year 2017, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 213 - 226, 01.03.2017

Funda Aydın Temel

Abstract

Yapay
sulak alanlar elli yılı aşkın süredir atık su arıtımı için kullanılmaktadır. Genellikle
evsel nitelikli atık suların arıtımında kullanılan yapay sulak alan sistemleri
son yirmi yıldır endüstriyel kaynaklı atık suların arıtımında da tercih
edilmektedir. Ayrıca, yapay sulak alanlar, çevre dostu bir teknoloji olması ve
düşük yatırım/işletim maliyeti nedeniyle kırsal bölge ve endüstrilerin
atıksularını arıtmak için pahalı geleneksel arıtma metotlarına alternatif bir
yöntemdir. Düşük enerji gereksinimi, kolay işletim ve bakım, maliyet
verimliliği, arazi estetiği, yeniden kullanım ve canlılara yaşam ortamı
oluşturması gibi pek çok avantaja sahip olan yapay sulak alanlar mühendislik
sistemleridir. Bitki filtre malzemesi, hidroloji ve mikrobiyal toplulukları
içermektedir. Akış türüne göre yüzeysel ve yüzey altı akışlı yapay sulak
alanlar olarak ikiye ayrılıp, yüzey alı akışlı sistemler ise yatay ve düşey
yüzey altı akışlı sistemler olarak alt gruba ayrılmaktadır. Farklı tip yapay
sulak alanların özel avantajlarından yararlanmak için hibrit sistemler olarak
birleştirilebilirler. Yapay sulak alan sistemlerinde fiziksel, kimyasal ve
biyolojik arıtım mekanizmaları birlikte gelişmektedir. Günümüzde özellikli
karaktere sahip endüstriyel atıksuların arıtımda başarı ile kullanılmaktadır.
Yapay sulak alanların endüstriyel atık su arıtımındaki ilk uygulamaları petrokimya,
mezbaha, et işleme, süt ve kağıt endüstrileri olup ardından tekstil, şarap,
sirke ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği endüstrileri izlemiştir.



Bu çalışma, serbest
yüzeyli, yüzey altı akışlı ve hibrit yapay sulak alan sistemlerinin çeşitli endüstriyel
atık suların arıtımındaki pilot ya da gerçek ölçekli çalışmaları ve farklı
ülkelerdeki uygulamaları ile ilgili bilgileri kapsamaktadır.

Keywords

Yapay sulak alan arıtım endüstri atık su

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Year 2017, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 213 - 226, 01.03.2017

Funda Aydın Temel

Abstract

References

  • Abu Bakar, N.S., Mohd Nasir, N., Lananan, F., Abdul Hamid, S.H., Lam, S.S., Jusoh, A., (2015). Optimization of C/N rations for nutrient removal in aquaculture system culturing African catfish, (Clarias gariepinus) utilizing Bioflocs Technology, International Biodeterioration &Biodegradation, 102, 100-106.
  • Agustina, T.E., Ang, H.M., Pareek, V.K., (2008). Treatment of winery wastewater using a photocatalytic/photolytic reactor, Chem. Eng. J., 135, 151–156.
  • Ali, N., Mohammad, W., Jusoh, A., Hasan, M.R., Ghazal, N., Kamaruzaman, K., (2005). Treatment of aquaculture wastewater using ultra-low pressure asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) membrane, Desalination, 185, 317-326.
  • Anastasiou, N., Monou, M., Mantzavinos, D., Kassinos, D., (2009). Monitoring of the quality of winery influents/effluents and polishing of partially treated wineryflows by homogenous Fe(II) photo-oxidation, Desalination, 248, 836–842.
  • Ávila, C., Reyes, C., Bayona, J.M., Garcia, J., (2013). Emerging organic contaminant rempval depending on primary treatment and operationa strategy in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands: ınfluence of redox, Water Research, 47, 315-325.
  • Aydın Temel F., (2013). Türkiye’de atık su arıtımında yapay sulak alanların tasarımı ve potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi: örnek çalışma, Kızılcaören, Doktora Tezi, OMÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Ávila, C., Matamoros, V., Reyes-Contreras, C., Piña, B., Casado, M., Mita, L., Rivetti, C., Barata, C., García, J., Bayona, J. M. (2014). Attenuation of emerging organic contaminants in a hybrid constructed wetland system under different hydraulic loading rates and their associated toxicological effects in wastewater, Science of the Total Environment, 470–471, 1272–1280.
  • Berghein, A., Cripps, S.J., Liltved, H., (1998). A system for the treatment of sludge from land-based fish-farms, Aquatic Living Resources, 11, 4, 179-187.
  • Bulc, T.G. ve Ojstršek, A., (2008). The use of constructed wetland for dye-rich textile wastewater treatment, J. of Hazardous Materials, 155, 76-82.
  • Caixeta, C.E.T., Cammarota, M.C., Xavier, A.M.F., (2002). Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment: evaluation of a new three phase separation system in a UASB reactor, Bioresour. Technol., 81, 61–69.
  • Calheiros, C.S.C., Quitério, P.V.B., Silva, G., Crispim, L.F.C., Brix, H., Moura, S.C., Castro, P.M.L., (2012). Use of constructed wetland systems with Arundo and Sarcocornia for polishing high salinity tannery wastewater, J. Environ. Manege., 95, 66–71.
  • Chapple, M., Cooper, P., Cooper, D., Revitt, M., (2002). Pilot trials of a constructed wetland system for reducing the dissolved hydrocarbon in the runoff from a decommissioned refinery, Proceedings, 8th International Conference Wetland System for the Water Pollution Control, 877-883, Tanzania.
  • Chen, T.Y., Kao, C.M., Yeh, T.Y., Chien, H.Y., Chao, A.C., (2006). Application of constructed wetland for industrial wastewater treatment: A pilot-scale study, Chemosphere, 64, 497-502.
  • Chowdhury, P., Viraraghavan, T., Srinivasan, A., (2010). Biological treatment processes for fish processing wastewater-A review, Bioresource Technology, 101, 439-449.
  • Christen, E.W., Quayle, W.C., Marcoux, M.A., Arienzo ,M., Jayawardane, N.S., (2010). Winery wastewater treatment using the land filter technique, J. Environ. Manage. 91, 1665–1673.
  • Comino, E., Riggio, V., Rosso, M., (2011). Mountain cheese factory wastewater treatment with the use of a hybrid constructed wetland, Ecological Engineering, 37,1673–1680.
  • Coskun, T., Debik, E., Demir, N.M., (2010). Treatment of olive mill wastewaters by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes, Desalination, 259, 65–70.
  • Dağlı, S., (2006). Evsel atıksulardan yapay sulak alan sistemleriyle fosfor gideriminin incelenmesi, Doktora Tezi, İTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Davies, L.C., Carias, C.C., Novais, J.M., Martins-Dias, S., (2005). Phytoremediation of textile effluents containing azo dye by using Phragmites australis in a vertical flow intermittent feding constructed wetland, Ecological Eng, 25,594-605.
  • Espinoza-Quiňones, F.R., Fornari, M.M.T., Módenes, A.N., Palácio, S.M., da Silva Jr., F.G., Szymanski, N., Kroumov, A.D., Trigueros, D.E.G., (2009). Pollutant removal from tannery effluent by electrocoagulation, Chem.Eng. J., 151, 59–65.
  • Demirörs, B., (2006). Çukurova bölgesinde yapay sulak alan teknolojisinin kırsal alanda kullanımının araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Fumi, M.D., Parodi, G., Parodi, E., Silva, A., Marchetti, R., (1995). Optimisation of long term activated-sludge treatment of winery wastewater, Bioresource Technology, 52, 45–51.
  • Gannoun, H., Bouallagui, H, Okbi, A., Sayadi, S., Hamdi, M., (2009). Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of biologically pretreated abattoir wastewaters in an upflow anaerobic filter, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 170, 1, 263–271.
  • Gasiunas, V., Strusevičius, Z., Strusevičiéne, M.S., (2005). Pollutant removal by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Lithuania, J. Environ. Sci.Health, 40A, 1467–1478.
  • Gönüllü, T., (2004). Endüstriyel kirlenme kontrolü, Birsen Yayınevi, İstanbul.
  • Grismer, M.E., Shepherd, H.L., (2011). Plants in constructed wetlands help to treat agricultural processing wastewater, California Agric. 65, 73–79.
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Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Funda Aydın Temel

Publication Date March 1, 2017
Submission Date April 15, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE F. Aydın Temel, “Endüstriyel atıksuların arıtımında yapay sulak alanların kullanımı”, DUJE, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 213–226, 2017.
DUJE tarafından yayınlanan tüm makaleler, Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır. Bu, orijinal eser ve kaynağın uygun şekilde belirtilmesi koşuluyla, herkesin eseri kopyalamasına, yeniden dağıtmasına, yeniden düzenlemesine, iletmesine ve uyarlamasına izin verir. 24456