Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 14 - 23, 03.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53447/communc.1185771

Abstract

References

  • Arnold, E.N., Arribas, O., Carranza, S., Systematics of the Palaearctic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa, 1430 (2007), 1–86. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1430.1.1
  • Kapli, P., Botoni, D., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutaş, Y., Avcı, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Poulakakis, N., Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Anatolian lizard Apathya (Squamata, Lacertidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 66 (2013), 992–1001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.002
  • Baran, İ., Avcı, A., Kumlutaş, Y., Olgun, K. Ilgaz Ç., Türkiye Amfibi ve Sürüngenleri, Palme Yayınevi, 2021.
  • Gül, S., Özdemir, N., Avcı, A., Kumlutaş, Y., Ilgaz, Ç., Altitudinal effects on the life history of the Anatolian lizard (Apathya cappadocica, Werner 1902) from southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39 (2015), 507-512. https://doi.org/ 10.3906/zoo-1407-6
  • Karamiani, R., Dabid, S., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Sexual dimorphism of the Yassujian Lizard, Apathya yassujica (Nilson et al, 2003) (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Iran. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation, 9 (2015), 42–48.
  • Hosseinian Yousefkhani, S.S., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutaş, Y., Avcı, A., Wink, M., Evidences for ecological niche differentiation on the Anatolian lizard (Apathya cappadocica ssp.) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in western Asia. Biologia, 74 (2019), 1661–1667. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-019-00273-4
  • Carothers, J.H., Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in some herbivorous lizards. The American Naturalist, 124 (1984), 244–254.
  • Andersson, M., Sexual selection, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
  • Olsson, M., Shine, R., Wapstra, E., Ujvari, B., Madsen, T., Sexual dimorphism in lizard body shape: the roles of sexual selection and fecundity selection. Evolution, 56 (2002), 1538-1542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01464.x
  • Thompson, G., Withers, P., Size-free shape differences between male and female western Australian dragon lizards (Agamidae), Amphibia-Reptilia, 26 (2005), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568538053693332
  • Adriana, C.S., Helga, C.W., Guarino, R.C., Sexual dimorphism in the Neotropical lizard, Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata, Tropiduridae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 26 (2005), 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568538054253384
  • Cooper, W.E., Greenberg, J.N., Reptilian coloration and behavior. In: Gans, C., Crews, D. editor. Biology of the Reptilia: Hormones, Brain, and Behavior. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, USA, (1992), 298-422.
  • Herrel, A., Spithoven, L., Van Damme, R., De Vree, F., Sexual dimorphism of head size in Gallotia galloti: testing the niche divergence hypothesis by functional analyses. Functional Ecology, 13 (1999), 289-297. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00305.x
  • Cox, R.M., Skelly, S.L., John-Alder, H.B., A comparative test of adaptive hypotheses for sexual size dimorphism in lizards. Evolution, 57 (2003), 1653-1669. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00371.x
  • Heidari, N., Faizi, H., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Sexual dimorphism in Blanford’s Fringe-toed Lizard, Acanthodactylus blanfordi Boulenger, 1918, from Southern Iran: (Sauria: Lacertidae). Zoology in the Middle East, 55 (2012), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2012.10648915
  • Oraie, H., Rahimian, H., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Khosravani, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Sexual size dimorphism in Ophisops elegans (Squamata: Lacertidae) in Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 59 (2013), 302–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2013.868131
  • Fitch, H.S., Sexual size differences in reptiles. Misc. Pub. Mus. Nat. Hist., 70 (1981), 1–72.
  • Stamps, J., Sexual selection, sexual dimorphism and territoriality. In: Huey, R.B., Pianka E.R., Schoener T.W. editors. Lizard Ecology: Studies of a Model Organism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press., (1983), 169–204.
  • Cox, R.M., Butler, M.A., John-Alder, H.B., The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in reptiles. In: Fairbairn, D.J,, Blanckenhorn, W,U, Szekely, T., editors. Sex, Size & Gender Roles: Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphism. Oxford University Press, (2007), 38–49.
  • Eiselt, J., Ergebnisse zoologischer sammelreisen in der Türkei Lacerta cappadocica Werner, 1902 (Lacertidae, Reptilia). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 82 (1979), 387–421.
  • Nilson, G., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Andrén, C., Lacertas of south and central Zagros Mountains, Iran, with description of two new taxa. Russ. J. Herpetol., 10 (2003), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2003-10-1-11-24
  • Fairbairn, D.J., Blanckenhorn, W.U., Székely, T., Sex, Size, and Gender Roles Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphism. Oxford University Press, New York, 2007.
  • Dehghani, A., Hosseinian Yousefkhani, S.S., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Banan-Khojasteh, S.M., Mohammadpour, A., Sexual size dimorphism in Darevskia raddei (Sauria: Lacertidae) from northwestern Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 60 (2014), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2014.914715
  • Rensch, B., Die Abhangigkeit der relativen sexualdifferenz von der Korpergrole. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 1 (1950), 58-69.
  • Abouheif, E., Fairbairn, D.J., A comparative analysis of allometry for sexual size dimorphism: Colwell, R. K. 2000. Rensch’s rule crosses the line: convergent allometry of sexual size dimorphism in hummingbirds and flower mites. The American Naturalist, 156 (1997), 495-510.
  • Colwell, R.K., Rensch’s rule crosses the line: convergent allometry of sexual size dimorphism in hummingbirds and flower mites. Am. Nat., 156 (2000), 495–510.
  • Karamiani, R., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Fattahi, R., Fathinia, B., Sexual dimorphism in leaf-toed gecko Asaccus elisae (Werner, 1895) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from western Iran. Hamadryad, 36 (2013), 157–161.
  • Şahin, M.K., Kumlutaş, Y., Ilgaz, Ç., Sexual dimorphism in spiny - tailed lizard, Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Sauria: Lacertidae), from Northeastern Anatolia, Turkey. AKU J. Sci. Eng., 20 (2020), 551-557. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.714889
  • Olsson, M., Contest success in relation to size and residency in male sand lizards, Lacerta agilis. Animal behaviour, 44 (1992), 386–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(92)90046-C
  • Huang, W.S., Sexual size dimorphism and microhabitat use of two sympartric lizards, Sphenomorphus taiwanensis and Takydromus hsuehshanensis, from the Central Highlands of Taiwan. Zoological Studies-Taipei, 37 (1998), 302–308.
  • Ji, X., Zhou, W.H., Zhang, X.D., Gu, H.Q., Sexual dimorphism and reproduction in the grass lizard Takydromus septentrionalis. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 5 (1998), 44‐48. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-1998-5-1-44-48
  • Molina-Borja, M., Padron‐Fumero, M., Alfonso‐Martin, T., Morphological and behavioural traits affecting the intensity and outcome of male contestes in Gallotia galloti galloti (family Lacertidae). Ethology, 104 (1998), 314‐322. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00071.x
  • Chang, M.H., Oh, H.S., Sexual size dimorphism of lacertid lizards from Korea. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology, 26 (2012), 668–674.
  • Lappin, A.K., Husak, J.F., Weapon performance, not size, determines mating success and potential reproductive output in the collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris). The American Naturalist, 166 (2005), 426–436. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/432564
  • Kratochvíl, L., Frynta, D., Body-size effect on egg size in eublepharid geckos (Squamata: Eublepharidae), lizards with invariant clutch size: negative allometry for egg size in ectotherms is not universal. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 88 (2002), 527-532. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00627.x
  • Martín, J., López, P., Interpopulational differences in chemical composition and chemosensory recognition of femoral gland secretions of male lizards Podarcis hispanica: implications for sexual isolation in a species complex. Chemoecology, 16 (2006), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-005-0326-4
  • Gabirot, M., Lopez, P., Martin, J., De Fraipont, M., Heulin, B., Sinervo, B., Clobert, J., Chemical composition of femoral secretions of oviparous and viviparous types of male common lizards Lacerta vivipara. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36 (2008), 539–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.03.006
  • Iraeta, P., Monasterio, C., Salvador, A., Diaz, J.A., Sexual dimorphism and interpopulation differences in lizard hind limb length: locomotor performance or chemical signalling?. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 104 (2011), 318–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01739.x

Sexual dimorphism in the lacertid lizard Apathya cappadocica (Werner, 1902) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) from southeastern Türkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 14 - 23, 03.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53447/communc.1185771

Abstract

Apathya cappadocica is a medium-sized lizard species included in the family Lacertidae. The species is known from Türkiye, Northern Syria, Iraq, and Western Iran. Sexual dimorphism (SD), which is a phenomenon including phenotypic differences between males and females, has many effects on behaviour, shape and size characteristics. A total of 87 adult lizard specimens collected from south-eastern Anatolia were used in this study. The results of ANOVA showed that all morphometric features exhibited a pattern in which males have larger size than females. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the first three factors explain 81.553% of the total variance. Differences in head size between sexes have been well-documented in lizards and are associated with male-male aggression which results in mating success. This kind of pattern is supported by this study. Additionally, the results showed that males have more femoral pores, which is a signalling mechanism for sexual selection, than females. In conclusion, it can be accepted that the species in the genus Apathya has a similar pattern in accordance with the larger male theory.

References

  • Arnold, E.N., Arribas, O., Carranza, S., Systematics of the Palaearctic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa, 1430 (2007), 1–86. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1430.1.1
  • Kapli, P., Botoni, D., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutaş, Y., Avcı, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Poulakakis, N., Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Anatolian lizard Apathya (Squamata, Lacertidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 66 (2013), 992–1001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.002
  • Baran, İ., Avcı, A., Kumlutaş, Y., Olgun, K. Ilgaz Ç., Türkiye Amfibi ve Sürüngenleri, Palme Yayınevi, 2021.
  • Gül, S., Özdemir, N., Avcı, A., Kumlutaş, Y., Ilgaz, Ç., Altitudinal effects on the life history of the Anatolian lizard (Apathya cappadocica, Werner 1902) from southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39 (2015), 507-512. https://doi.org/ 10.3906/zoo-1407-6
  • Karamiani, R., Dabid, S., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Sexual dimorphism of the Yassujian Lizard, Apathya yassujica (Nilson et al, 2003) (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Iran. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation, 9 (2015), 42–48.
  • Hosseinian Yousefkhani, S.S., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutaş, Y., Avcı, A., Wink, M., Evidences for ecological niche differentiation on the Anatolian lizard (Apathya cappadocica ssp.) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in western Asia. Biologia, 74 (2019), 1661–1667. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-019-00273-4
  • Carothers, J.H., Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in some herbivorous lizards. The American Naturalist, 124 (1984), 244–254.
  • Andersson, M., Sexual selection, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
  • Olsson, M., Shine, R., Wapstra, E., Ujvari, B., Madsen, T., Sexual dimorphism in lizard body shape: the roles of sexual selection and fecundity selection. Evolution, 56 (2002), 1538-1542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01464.x
  • Thompson, G., Withers, P., Size-free shape differences between male and female western Australian dragon lizards (Agamidae), Amphibia-Reptilia, 26 (2005), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568538053693332
  • Adriana, C.S., Helga, C.W., Guarino, R.C., Sexual dimorphism in the Neotropical lizard, Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata, Tropiduridae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 26 (2005), 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568538054253384
  • Cooper, W.E., Greenberg, J.N., Reptilian coloration and behavior. In: Gans, C., Crews, D. editor. Biology of the Reptilia: Hormones, Brain, and Behavior. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, USA, (1992), 298-422.
  • Herrel, A., Spithoven, L., Van Damme, R., De Vree, F., Sexual dimorphism of head size in Gallotia galloti: testing the niche divergence hypothesis by functional analyses. Functional Ecology, 13 (1999), 289-297. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00305.x
  • Cox, R.M., Skelly, S.L., John-Alder, H.B., A comparative test of adaptive hypotheses for sexual size dimorphism in lizards. Evolution, 57 (2003), 1653-1669. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00371.x
  • Heidari, N., Faizi, H., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Sexual dimorphism in Blanford’s Fringe-toed Lizard, Acanthodactylus blanfordi Boulenger, 1918, from Southern Iran: (Sauria: Lacertidae). Zoology in the Middle East, 55 (2012), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2012.10648915
  • Oraie, H., Rahimian, H., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Khosravani, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Sexual size dimorphism in Ophisops elegans (Squamata: Lacertidae) in Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 59 (2013), 302–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2013.868131
  • Fitch, H.S., Sexual size differences in reptiles. Misc. Pub. Mus. Nat. Hist., 70 (1981), 1–72.
  • Stamps, J., Sexual selection, sexual dimorphism and territoriality. In: Huey, R.B., Pianka E.R., Schoener T.W. editors. Lizard Ecology: Studies of a Model Organism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press., (1983), 169–204.
  • Cox, R.M., Butler, M.A., John-Alder, H.B., The evolution of sexual size dimorphism in reptiles. In: Fairbairn, D.J,, Blanckenhorn, W,U, Szekely, T., editors. Sex, Size & Gender Roles: Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphism. Oxford University Press, (2007), 38–49.
  • Eiselt, J., Ergebnisse zoologischer sammelreisen in der Türkei Lacerta cappadocica Werner, 1902 (Lacertidae, Reptilia). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 82 (1979), 387–421.
  • Nilson, G., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Rastegar-Pouyani, E., Andrén, C., Lacertas of south and central Zagros Mountains, Iran, with description of two new taxa. Russ. J. Herpetol., 10 (2003), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2003-10-1-11-24
  • Fairbairn, D.J., Blanckenhorn, W.U., Székely, T., Sex, Size, and Gender Roles Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphism. Oxford University Press, New York, 2007.
  • Dehghani, A., Hosseinian Yousefkhani, S.S., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Banan-Khojasteh, S.M., Mohammadpour, A., Sexual size dimorphism in Darevskia raddei (Sauria: Lacertidae) from northwestern Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 60 (2014), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2014.914715
  • Rensch, B., Die Abhangigkeit der relativen sexualdifferenz von der Korpergrole. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 1 (1950), 58-69.
  • Abouheif, E., Fairbairn, D.J., A comparative analysis of allometry for sexual size dimorphism: Colwell, R. K. 2000. Rensch’s rule crosses the line: convergent allometry of sexual size dimorphism in hummingbirds and flower mites. The American Naturalist, 156 (1997), 495-510.
  • Colwell, R.K., Rensch’s rule crosses the line: convergent allometry of sexual size dimorphism in hummingbirds and flower mites. Am. Nat., 156 (2000), 495–510.
  • Karamiani, R., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Fattahi, R., Fathinia, B., Sexual dimorphism in leaf-toed gecko Asaccus elisae (Werner, 1895) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from western Iran. Hamadryad, 36 (2013), 157–161.
  • Şahin, M.K., Kumlutaş, Y., Ilgaz, Ç., Sexual dimorphism in spiny - tailed lizard, Darevskia rudis (Bedriaga, 1886) (Sauria: Lacertidae), from Northeastern Anatolia, Turkey. AKU J. Sci. Eng., 20 (2020), 551-557. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.714889
  • Olsson, M., Contest success in relation to size and residency in male sand lizards, Lacerta agilis. Animal behaviour, 44 (1992), 386–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(92)90046-C
  • Huang, W.S., Sexual size dimorphism and microhabitat use of two sympartric lizards, Sphenomorphus taiwanensis and Takydromus hsuehshanensis, from the Central Highlands of Taiwan. Zoological Studies-Taipei, 37 (1998), 302–308.
  • Ji, X., Zhou, W.H., Zhang, X.D., Gu, H.Q., Sexual dimorphism and reproduction in the grass lizard Takydromus septentrionalis. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 5 (1998), 44‐48. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-1998-5-1-44-48
  • Molina-Borja, M., Padron‐Fumero, M., Alfonso‐Martin, T., Morphological and behavioural traits affecting the intensity and outcome of male contestes in Gallotia galloti galloti (family Lacertidae). Ethology, 104 (1998), 314‐322. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00071.x
  • Chang, M.H., Oh, H.S., Sexual size dimorphism of lacertid lizards from Korea. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology, 26 (2012), 668–674.
  • Lappin, A.K., Husak, J.F., Weapon performance, not size, determines mating success and potential reproductive output in the collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris). The American Naturalist, 166 (2005), 426–436. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/432564
  • Kratochvíl, L., Frynta, D., Body-size effect on egg size in eublepharid geckos (Squamata: Eublepharidae), lizards with invariant clutch size: negative allometry for egg size in ectotherms is not universal. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 88 (2002), 527-532. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00627.x
  • Martín, J., López, P., Interpopulational differences in chemical composition and chemosensory recognition of femoral gland secretions of male lizards Podarcis hispanica: implications for sexual isolation in a species complex. Chemoecology, 16 (2006), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-005-0326-4
  • Gabirot, M., Lopez, P., Martin, J., De Fraipont, M., Heulin, B., Sinervo, B., Clobert, J., Chemical composition of femoral secretions of oviparous and viviparous types of male common lizards Lacerta vivipara. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36 (2008), 539–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.03.006
  • Iraeta, P., Monasterio, C., Salvador, A., Diaz, J.A., Sexual dimorphism and interpopulation differences in lizard hind limb length: locomotor performance or chemical signalling?. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 104 (2011), 318–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01739.x
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kamil Candan 0000-0002-6934-3971

Elif Yıldırım 0000-0001-9614-5754

Yusuf Kumlutaş 0000-0003-1154-6757

Osman Sinan Günister 0000-0002-4483-8097

Çetin Ilgaz 0000-0001-7862-9106

Publication Date June 3, 2023
Acceptance Date February 26, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 32 Issue: 1

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Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C-Biology.

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