Research Article
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Fruit Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Different Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Genotypes Grown in Giresun

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 240 - 248, 15.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1434268

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine fruit quality, chemical and biochemical properties of 20 strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes that naturally spread in Bulancak district of Giresun province. In this context, fruit size, pH, SSC (Solible Solid Content), color indices, specific sugars, Vitamin C, citric and malic acids were detected in the fruit samples of the evaluated genotpes. Fruit weight varied between 2.33 and 4.69 g, fruit width 16.85 and 20.62 mm, fruit length 14.52 and 17.93 mm, pH 3.36 and 3.88, SSC 11.60 and 19.60%. The range of the results of glucose, sucrose, fructose and total sugars were 2.32-8.34 g 100 g-1, 0.02-1.93 g 100 g-1, 3.08-17.93 g 100 g-1 and 7.17-27.18 g 100 g-1, respectively. The amount of vitamin C contained in the fruits of strawberry tree was determined as 13.53-126.60 mg 100 g-1, the amount of citric acid was 0.16-0.69% and the amount of malic acid was 0.27- 1.30%.

References

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  • Anoymous. 2003b. http://www.floridata.htm (accessed date: April 11, 2023).
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  • Anoymous. 2016b. Arbutus unedo. https://en.wikipedia.org wiki/Arbutus_unedo (accessed date: April 04, 2016).
  • Anşin R, Özkan C. 1993. Tohumlu bitkiler. K.T.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, Trabzon, Türkiye, ss: 167.
  • Ates U, Karakaya O, Çelik SM, Faizy, AH. 2022. Bioactive compounds of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes grown in the East Black Sea and Marmara regions. Turkish J Food Agri Sci, 4(2): 29-33.
  • Ates U. 2023. Harvest time influences quality attributes and phenolic composition of fig fruit: Insights from physicochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assessment. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 65(5): 1627-1632.
  • Ayaz FA, Kuçükislamoğlu M, Reunanen M. 2000. Sugar, non volatile and phenolşc acids composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L. Var. ellipsoidea) fruits. J Food Composit Analysis, 13(2): 171-177.
  • Balta MF, Yaman İ, Karakaya O, Ates U. 2023. Kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) bitkisinin farklı kısımlarının biyoaktif içerikleri. J Agri Biotech, 4(2): 105-112.
  • Bozan B, Başer KHC, Kara S. 1997. Quantitative determination of naphthaquinones of Arnebia densiflora (Nordm.) Ledeb. by an improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method. J Chromatography A, 782(1): 133-136.
  • Çelik F, Balta MF, Ercişli S, Gündoğdu M, Karakaya O, Yaviç A. 2019. Tocopherol contents of almond genetic resources from Eastern and Western Türkiye. Erwerbs-obstbau, 61(3): 257-262.
  • Çelikel G, Demirsoy L, Demirsoy H. 2008. The strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) selection in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 118 (2): 115-119.
  • Christman S. 2011. Arbutus unedo. http://floridata.com/ Plants/Ericaceae/Arbutus %20unedo/634 (accessed date: April 04, 2016).
  • Etienne A, Génard M, Lobit P, Mbeguié-A-Mbéguié D, Bugaud C. 2013. What controls fleshy fruit acidity? A review of malate and citrate accumulation in fruit cells. J Experiment Botany, 64(6): 1451-1469.
  • Gündoğdu M, Ercisli S, Canan İ, Orman E, Sameeullah M, Naeem M, Ayed RB. 2018. Diversity in phenolic compounds, biochemical and pological characteristics of Arbutus unedo fruits. Folia Horticultur, 30 (1): 139-146.
  • Hudina M, Štampar F. 2006. Influence of frost damage on the sugars and organic acids contents in apple and pear flowers. Eur J Hortic Sci, 71: 161–164.
  • İslam A, Pehlivan NF. 2016. Marmara adasında yetişen kocayemişlerin (Arbutus unedo L.) pomolojik özellikleri. Akademik Ziraat Derg, 5 (1): 13-20.
  • Karadeniz T, Kurt H, Kalkışım Ö. 1996. Yomra (Trabzon) çevresinde yetişen kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) tiplerinin meyve özellikleri üzerinde çalışmalar. YYÜZF Derg, 6(4): 65-70.
  • Karadeniz T, Şişman T. 2004. Giresun’da yetiştirilen bir kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) tipinin bitkisel özellikleri. Alatarım, 3(1): 43-45.
  • Karadeniz T. 2004. Şifalı meyveler (meyvelerle beslenme ve tedavi şekilleri). Burcan ofsset matbaacılık sanayii, Ordu, Türkiye, ss: 208.
  • Koca İ, Karadeniz B, Çelik H, Demirsoy L. 2008. Karadeniz bölgesinde yetişen bazı üzümsü meyvelerin özellikleri. Türkiye 10. Gıda Kongresi, 21-23 Mayıs, Erzurum, Türkiye, ss: 261-264.
  • Kurnaz OC, Ozturk A, Faizi ZA, Ates U, Ozturk, B. 2023. Pomological, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of selected superior genotypes from a highly diversified loquat population. Genet Resourc Crop Evolut, 2023: 1-14.
  • Mikulic Petkovsek M, Stampar F, Veberic R. 2007. Parameters of inner quality of the scab resistant and susceptible apple in organic and integrated production. Sci Hortic, 114, 37-44.
  • Miron D, Schaffer AA. 1991. Sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and invertase activities in developing fruit of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. and the sucrose accumulating Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl. Plant Physiol, 95(2): 623-627.
  • Onursal CE, Gözlekçi Ş. 2007. Sandal ağacı (Arbutus andrachne L.) tohumlarına yapılan bazı ön uygulamaların tohum çimlenme oranı ve süresi üzerine etkileri. Akdeniz Univ J Fac Agri, 20(2): 211-218.
  • Özbek S. 1988. Genel meyvecilik. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitabı, No:31, Adana, Türkiye, ss: 386.
  • Pekdemir M. 2010. Espiye ve bulancak ilçelerinde (Giresun) yetişen kocayemişlerin (Arbutus unedo L.) fenolojil ve pomolojik özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ordu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Ordu, Türkiye, ss: 56.
  • Ruiz-Rodriguez BM. Morales P, Fernandez-Ruiz V, Sanchez-Mata MC, Camara M, Diez- Marques C, Santayana MP, Molina M, Tardio J. 2011. Valorization of wild starwberry-tree fruits (Arbutus unedo L.) through nutritional assessment and natural production data. Food Res Inter, 44(2011): 1244-1253.
  • Sagbas HI, Ilhan G, Zitouni H, Anjum M A, Hanine H, Necas T, Ercisli S. 2020. Morphological and biochemical characterization of diverse strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes from northern Turkey. Agron, 10(10): 1581.
  • Sakaldaş A. 2012. Çanakkale doğal florasında bulunan kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.)’ in pomolojik, fenolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerinin aylık değişimlerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Çanakkale, Türkiye, ss: 55.
  • Şanlıdere Aloğlu H, Gökgöz Y, Bayraktar M. 2018. Kocayemiş (dağçileği-Arbutus unedo L.) meyveli dondurma üretimi, fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal parametreler açısından irdelenmesi. J Food, 43(6): 1031-1039.
  • Saradhuldhat P, Paull RE. 2007. Pineapple organic acid metabolism and accumulation during fruit development. Sci Horticult, 112(3): 297-303.
  • Torres JA, Valle F, Pinto C, Garc´ıa-Fuentes A, Salazar C, Cano E. 2002. Arbutus unedo L. communities in southern Iberian Peninsula mountains Plant Ecol, 160: 207–223
  • Toy M.2019. Determination of some pomological and morphological characteristics of arbutus (Arbutus spp.) genotypes grown in Unye and Fatsa District. Master’s Thesis, Institute of Natural and Applied Sci, Horticulture, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye, pp: 48.
  • Ulloa PA, Maia M, Brigas A F. 2015. Physicochemical parameters and bioactive compounds of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) honey. J Chem, 2015: 02792.
  • Vidrih R, Hribar J, Prgomet Ž, Poklar Ulrih N. 2013. The physico-chemical properties of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits. Croatian J Food Sci Technol, 5(1): 29-33.
  • Wu J, Gao H, Zhao L, Liao X, Chen F, Wang Z, Hu X. 2007. Chemical compositional characterization of some apple cultivars. Food Chem, 103(1): 88-93.
  • Yarılgaç T, İslam A. 2007. Ünye yöresi kocayemişlerinin (Arbutus unedo. L.) bazı pomolojik özellikleri. Türkiye V. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, 08-12 Eylül, Antalya, Türkiye, ss: 556-560.
  • Zenginbal H, Gündoğdu M. 2016. Düzce ve Zonguldak illerinde doğal olarak yetişen kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) genotiplerinin fizikokimyasal karakterizasyonu. Anad Tarım Bilim Derg, 31(3): 332-336.
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 240 - 248, 15.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1434268

Abstract

References

  • Anoymous. 2003a. http://www.pfaf.org/ (accessed date: April 11, 2023).
  • Anoymous. 2003b. http://www.floridata.htm (accessed date: April 11, 2023).
  • Anoymous. 2003c. www.arbutus unedo6.htm (accessed date: April 11, 2023).
  • Anoymous. 2016a. Plant Portrait - Arbutus unedo, The Strawberry Tree http://www.pfaf.org/user/ cmspage.aspx? pageid=55 (accessed date: April 04, 2016).
  • Anoymous. 2016b. Arbutus unedo. https://en.wikipedia.org wiki/Arbutus_unedo (accessed date: April 04, 2016).
  • Anşin R, Özkan C. 1993. Tohumlu bitkiler. K.T.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, Trabzon, Türkiye, ss: 167.
  • Ates U, Karakaya O, Çelik SM, Faizy, AH. 2022. Bioactive compounds of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes grown in the East Black Sea and Marmara regions. Turkish J Food Agri Sci, 4(2): 29-33.
  • Ates U. 2023. Harvest time influences quality attributes and phenolic composition of fig fruit: Insights from physicochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assessment. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 65(5): 1627-1632.
  • Ayaz FA, Kuçükislamoğlu M, Reunanen M. 2000. Sugar, non volatile and phenolşc acids composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L. Var. ellipsoidea) fruits. J Food Composit Analysis, 13(2): 171-177.
  • Balta MF, Yaman İ, Karakaya O, Ates U. 2023. Kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) bitkisinin farklı kısımlarının biyoaktif içerikleri. J Agri Biotech, 4(2): 105-112.
  • Bozan B, Başer KHC, Kara S. 1997. Quantitative determination of naphthaquinones of Arnebia densiflora (Nordm.) Ledeb. by an improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method. J Chromatography A, 782(1): 133-136.
  • Çelik F, Balta MF, Ercişli S, Gündoğdu M, Karakaya O, Yaviç A. 2019. Tocopherol contents of almond genetic resources from Eastern and Western Türkiye. Erwerbs-obstbau, 61(3): 257-262.
  • Çelikel G, Demirsoy L, Demirsoy H. 2008. The strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) selection in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 118 (2): 115-119.
  • Christman S. 2011. Arbutus unedo. http://floridata.com/ Plants/Ericaceae/Arbutus %20unedo/634 (accessed date: April 04, 2016).
  • Etienne A, Génard M, Lobit P, Mbeguié-A-Mbéguié D, Bugaud C. 2013. What controls fleshy fruit acidity? A review of malate and citrate accumulation in fruit cells. J Experiment Botany, 64(6): 1451-1469.
  • Gündoğdu M, Ercisli S, Canan İ, Orman E, Sameeullah M, Naeem M, Ayed RB. 2018. Diversity in phenolic compounds, biochemical and pological characteristics of Arbutus unedo fruits. Folia Horticultur, 30 (1): 139-146.
  • Hudina M, Štampar F. 2006. Influence of frost damage on the sugars and organic acids contents in apple and pear flowers. Eur J Hortic Sci, 71: 161–164.
  • İslam A, Pehlivan NF. 2016. Marmara adasında yetişen kocayemişlerin (Arbutus unedo L.) pomolojik özellikleri. Akademik Ziraat Derg, 5 (1): 13-20.
  • Karadeniz T, Kurt H, Kalkışım Ö. 1996. Yomra (Trabzon) çevresinde yetişen kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) tiplerinin meyve özellikleri üzerinde çalışmalar. YYÜZF Derg, 6(4): 65-70.
  • Karadeniz T, Şişman T. 2004. Giresun’da yetiştirilen bir kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) tipinin bitkisel özellikleri. Alatarım, 3(1): 43-45.
  • Karadeniz T. 2004. Şifalı meyveler (meyvelerle beslenme ve tedavi şekilleri). Burcan ofsset matbaacılık sanayii, Ordu, Türkiye, ss: 208.
  • Koca İ, Karadeniz B, Çelik H, Demirsoy L. 2008. Karadeniz bölgesinde yetişen bazı üzümsü meyvelerin özellikleri. Türkiye 10. Gıda Kongresi, 21-23 Mayıs, Erzurum, Türkiye, ss: 261-264.
  • Kurnaz OC, Ozturk A, Faizi ZA, Ates U, Ozturk, B. 2023. Pomological, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of selected superior genotypes from a highly diversified loquat population. Genet Resourc Crop Evolut, 2023: 1-14.
  • Mikulic Petkovsek M, Stampar F, Veberic R. 2007. Parameters of inner quality of the scab resistant and susceptible apple in organic and integrated production. Sci Hortic, 114, 37-44.
  • Miron D, Schaffer AA. 1991. Sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, and invertase activities in developing fruit of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. and the sucrose accumulating Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl. Plant Physiol, 95(2): 623-627.
  • Onursal CE, Gözlekçi Ş. 2007. Sandal ağacı (Arbutus andrachne L.) tohumlarına yapılan bazı ön uygulamaların tohum çimlenme oranı ve süresi üzerine etkileri. Akdeniz Univ J Fac Agri, 20(2): 211-218.
  • Özbek S. 1988. Genel meyvecilik. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitabı, No:31, Adana, Türkiye, ss: 386.
  • Pekdemir M. 2010. Espiye ve bulancak ilçelerinde (Giresun) yetişen kocayemişlerin (Arbutus unedo L.) fenolojil ve pomolojik özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ordu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Ordu, Türkiye, ss: 56.
  • Ruiz-Rodriguez BM. Morales P, Fernandez-Ruiz V, Sanchez-Mata MC, Camara M, Diez- Marques C, Santayana MP, Molina M, Tardio J. 2011. Valorization of wild starwberry-tree fruits (Arbutus unedo L.) through nutritional assessment and natural production data. Food Res Inter, 44(2011): 1244-1253.
  • Sagbas HI, Ilhan G, Zitouni H, Anjum M A, Hanine H, Necas T, Ercisli S. 2020. Morphological and biochemical characterization of diverse strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes from northern Turkey. Agron, 10(10): 1581.
  • Sakaldaş A. 2012. Çanakkale doğal florasında bulunan kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.)’ in pomolojik, fenolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerinin aylık değişimlerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Çanakkale, Türkiye, ss: 55.
  • Şanlıdere Aloğlu H, Gökgöz Y, Bayraktar M. 2018. Kocayemiş (dağçileği-Arbutus unedo L.) meyveli dondurma üretimi, fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal parametreler açısından irdelenmesi. J Food, 43(6): 1031-1039.
  • Saradhuldhat P, Paull RE. 2007. Pineapple organic acid metabolism and accumulation during fruit development. Sci Horticult, 112(3): 297-303.
  • Torres JA, Valle F, Pinto C, Garc´ıa-Fuentes A, Salazar C, Cano E. 2002. Arbutus unedo L. communities in southern Iberian Peninsula mountains Plant Ecol, 160: 207–223
  • Toy M.2019. Determination of some pomological and morphological characteristics of arbutus (Arbutus spp.) genotypes grown in Unye and Fatsa District. Master’s Thesis, Institute of Natural and Applied Sci, Horticulture, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye, pp: 48.
  • Ulloa PA, Maia M, Brigas A F. 2015. Physicochemical parameters and bioactive compounds of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) honey. J Chem, 2015: 02792.
  • Vidrih R, Hribar J, Prgomet Ž, Poklar Ulrih N. 2013. The physico-chemical properties of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits. Croatian J Food Sci Technol, 5(1): 29-33.
  • Wu J, Gao H, Zhao L, Liao X, Chen F, Wang Z, Hu X. 2007. Chemical compositional characterization of some apple cultivars. Food Chem, 103(1): 88-93.
  • Yarılgaç T, İslam A. 2007. Ünye yöresi kocayemişlerinin (Arbutus unedo. L.) bazı pomolojik özellikleri. Türkiye V. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, 08-12 Eylül, Antalya, Türkiye, ss: 556-560.
  • Zenginbal H, Gündoğdu M. 2016. Düzce ve Zonguldak illerinde doğal olarak yetişen kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.) genotiplerinin fizikokimyasal karakterizasyonu. Anad Tarım Bilim Derg, 31(3): 332-336.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serap Çakmak 0009-0003-2149-2411

Muharrem Yılmaz 0000-0002-3939-9907

Publication Date May 15, 2024
Submission Date February 9, 2024
Acceptance Date March 20, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çakmak, S., & Yılmaz, M. (2024). Fruit Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Different Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Genotypes Grown in Giresun. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 7(3), 240-248. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1434268

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