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The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces

Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 25.04.2016
https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.41068

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the levels of mycotoxin contamination in total mixed rations (TMR) of dairy cattle in Konya and the surrounding provinces where 13,3%  cattle production of Turkey. For this purpose a total of 74 ready-to-consume TMR samples from  dairy cattle farms in Konya, Afyonkarahisar, Karaman, Aksaray, Nigde, Antalya, Isparta and Burdur provinces were collected. A general screening in  dairy cattle feeds was performed in terms of mycotoxin presence and contamination levels. Samples were analyzed for Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A, Zearalenone, T-2 Toxin, HT-2 toxin, Fumonisin and Deoxynivalenol levels by LC MS/MS multi-mycotoxin method. The levels of different mycotoxins in cattle feeds obtained from cattle farms, the proportion of positive samples and the percentage of presence in the feeds were compared in terms of maximum residue limit. It was concluded that the feeds were found partially contaminated with mycotoxins in terms of mycotoxin types and levels in the regions screened. The exceeded rates were found 30% for aflatoxin B1 (≥5 ppb) and 3% for ochratoxin A (≥100 ppb) in TMR according to Official Gazette of the Republic of Turkey (2014/11). According to exceeded levels TMR and feedstuffs should be stored in more favorable conditions to avoid mycotoxin contamination.

References

  • Abdel-Wahhab MA, Hassan AM, Amer HA, Naguib KM.2004. Prevention of Fumonisin-Induced Maternal and developmental toxicity in rats by certain plant extracts. Journal of Applied Toxicol, 24,469.
  • Abrunhosa L, Moraless H, Soares C, Calado T, Vila-Chã AS, Martinha P, Venâncio A. 2014. Review of mycotoxins in food and feed products in Portugal and estimation of probable daily intakes. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 6.
  • Akkaya MR, Bal MA.2013.Regional distribution of aflatoxin and ochratoxin a contaminated beef and dairy cattle feeds in Turkey. Animal Health Production and Hygine,2,162 – 166.
  • Binder EM, Tan LM, Chin LJ, Handl J, Richard J. 2007.Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients. Animal Feed Science and Technology,137,265–282.
  • Cankiri B, Uyarlar C. 2013.Mikotoksinlerin süt sığırlarının beslenmesindeki yeri ve önemi. Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi,6,57-69.
  • Dalvi RR, Ademoyero AA. 1984.Toxic effects of aflatoksin B1 in chickens given feed containanted Aspergillus Flavus and reduction of the toxicity by activated charcoal and some chemical agents. Avian Disease,28: 61.
  • Demir C. 2002.Samsun ve civarında yetiştirilen mısırlarda Fusarium Moniliforme ve Fumonisin B1, B2 varlığı üzerinde bir araştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Edirne, Turkey.
  • Dogan A, Bayezit M. 1999.Kafkas yöresinde yemlerde aflatoksin B1 düzeyinin ELISA yöntemi ile araştırılması. Kafkas Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5,63-70.
  • Dogan A, Tuzcu M. 2001.Fumonisinler. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Dergisi,7,237-244.
  • EURACHEM Guide. 2014. The Fitness for Purpose Analytical Methods, A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics.2nd edition.
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). 2011.Scientific opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in food and feed. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). EFSA Journal,9,2481.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2004.Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in 2003. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper,81.
  • Fink-Gremmels J.2008.Mycotoxins in cattle feeds and carry-over to dairy milk: A review. Food Additives and Contaminants,25,172–180.
  • Hult K, Teiling A, Gatenbeck S.1976.Degradation of ochratoxin a by a ruminant. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,32,443–444.
  • Kaya S. Mikotoksinler, Kaya S, Pirinçci İ, Bilgili A.2002.Veteriner Hekimliğinde Toksikoloji. 2 nd ed. Ankara: Medisan.
  • Kennedy DG, Hewitt SA, McEvoy JDG, Currie JW, Cannavan A, Blanchflower WJ, Elliot CT.1998.Zeranol is formed from Fusarium spp. toxins in cattle in vivo. Food Additives and Contaminants, 15,393-400.
  • Kocasari FS, Mor F, Oguz MN, Oguz FK.2013.Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed samples in Burdur province, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess. 185,4943–4949.
  • Kriek NPJ, Kellerman TS, Marasas WFO.1981. A comparitive study of the toxicity of Fusarium Verticilloides (F. Moniliforme) to horses, primates, pigs, sheep, and rats. Onderspoort. Journal Veterinary Research,48,129-131.
  • Li X, Zhao L, FanY, Jia Y, Sun L, Ma S, Ji C, Ma Q, Zhang J.2014.Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds obtained from the Beijing region of China. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 5,37.
  • Nizamlioglu F, Oguz H. 2003.Occurrence of aflatoxins in layer feed and corn samples in Konya province, Turkey. Food Additives and Contaminants, 20, 654–658.
  • Oguz H, Kurtoglu V.2000.Effect of clinoptilolite on fattening performance of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science, 41,512–517.
  • Oguz H. 2011.A review from experimental trials on detoxification of aflatoxin in poultry feed. Eurasian Journal Veterinary Science, 27, 1-12.
  • Oruc HH, Sorucu A, Türkmen İİ, Arslan E.2012. Determination of various mycotoxin concentrations in the feedstuffs and feed produced by a feed manufacturer in Turkey. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakülte Dergisi, 18: 633-638.
  • Placinta CM, d’Mello JPF, MacDonald EK. 1999. A review of worldwide contamination of animal feed with fusarium mycotoxins. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 78:21–3
  • RG.2014. Resmi Gazete 2014/11 (in Turkish). Veteriner Hizm 7. etleri, Bitki Sağlığı, Gıda ve Yem Kanunu. Yemlerde İstenmeyen Maddeler Tebliği. 28977.
  • Santin E.2015.Understanding Mycotoxins Published on Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
  • TMB. Teşhiste Metot Birliği 2014. Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji (in Turkish). Hayvansal doku, yem ve yem hammaddelerinde aflatoksin ve okratoksinin LC-MS/MS ile analizi metodu.
  • Tiryaki O, Seçer E, Temur C. 2011.Yemlerde mikotoksin oluşumu, toksisiteleri ve mikotoksin kalıntı analizleri. Anadolu, Journal of Aarı, 1, 44 – 58.
  • TUIK (2014). 2015.Turkish Statistical Institute. Haber Bulteni. Sayı:18851.
  • Yildiz G. 2009.Türkiye’de çeşitli hayvancılık işletmelerinde kullanılan karma yemlerin ve yem hammaddelerinin OTA kirliliği yönünden İncelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 56: 131-135.
Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 25.04.2016
https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.41068

Abstract

References

  • Abdel-Wahhab MA, Hassan AM, Amer HA, Naguib KM.2004. Prevention of Fumonisin-Induced Maternal and developmental toxicity in rats by certain plant extracts. Journal of Applied Toxicol, 24,469.
  • Abrunhosa L, Moraless H, Soares C, Calado T, Vila-Chã AS, Martinha P, Venâncio A. 2014. Review of mycotoxins in food and feed products in Portugal and estimation of probable daily intakes. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 6.
  • Akkaya MR, Bal MA.2013.Regional distribution of aflatoxin and ochratoxin a contaminated beef and dairy cattle feeds in Turkey. Animal Health Production and Hygine,2,162 – 166.
  • Binder EM, Tan LM, Chin LJ, Handl J, Richard J. 2007.Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients. Animal Feed Science and Technology,137,265–282.
  • Cankiri B, Uyarlar C. 2013.Mikotoksinlerin süt sığırlarının beslenmesindeki yeri ve önemi. Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi,6,57-69.
  • Dalvi RR, Ademoyero AA. 1984.Toxic effects of aflatoksin B1 in chickens given feed containanted Aspergillus Flavus and reduction of the toxicity by activated charcoal and some chemical agents. Avian Disease,28: 61.
  • Demir C. 2002.Samsun ve civarında yetiştirilen mısırlarda Fusarium Moniliforme ve Fumonisin B1, B2 varlığı üzerinde bir araştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Edirne, Turkey.
  • Dogan A, Bayezit M. 1999.Kafkas yöresinde yemlerde aflatoksin B1 düzeyinin ELISA yöntemi ile araştırılması. Kafkas Üniversitesi Dergisi, 5,63-70.
  • Dogan A, Tuzcu M. 2001.Fumonisinler. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Dergisi,7,237-244.
  • EURACHEM Guide. 2014. The Fitness for Purpose Analytical Methods, A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics.2nd edition.
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). 2011.Scientific opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in food and feed. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). EFSA Journal,9,2481.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2004.Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in 2003. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper,81.
  • Fink-Gremmels J.2008.Mycotoxins in cattle feeds and carry-over to dairy milk: A review. Food Additives and Contaminants,25,172–180.
  • Hult K, Teiling A, Gatenbeck S.1976.Degradation of ochratoxin a by a ruminant. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,32,443–444.
  • Kaya S. Mikotoksinler, Kaya S, Pirinçci İ, Bilgili A.2002.Veteriner Hekimliğinde Toksikoloji. 2 nd ed. Ankara: Medisan.
  • Kennedy DG, Hewitt SA, McEvoy JDG, Currie JW, Cannavan A, Blanchflower WJ, Elliot CT.1998.Zeranol is formed from Fusarium spp. toxins in cattle in vivo. Food Additives and Contaminants, 15,393-400.
  • Kocasari FS, Mor F, Oguz MN, Oguz FK.2013.Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed samples in Burdur province, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess. 185,4943–4949.
  • Kriek NPJ, Kellerman TS, Marasas WFO.1981. A comparitive study of the toxicity of Fusarium Verticilloides (F. Moniliforme) to horses, primates, pigs, sheep, and rats. Onderspoort. Journal Veterinary Research,48,129-131.
  • Li X, Zhao L, FanY, Jia Y, Sun L, Ma S, Ji C, Ma Q, Zhang J.2014.Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds obtained from the Beijing region of China. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 5,37.
  • Nizamlioglu F, Oguz H. 2003.Occurrence of aflatoxins in layer feed and corn samples in Konya province, Turkey. Food Additives and Contaminants, 20, 654–658.
  • Oguz H, Kurtoglu V.2000.Effect of clinoptilolite on fattening performance of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science, 41,512–517.
  • Oguz H. 2011.A review from experimental trials on detoxification of aflatoxin in poultry feed. Eurasian Journal Veterinary Science, 27, 1-12.
  • Oruc HH, Sorucu A, Türkmen İİ, Arslan E.2012. Determination of various mycotoxin concentrations in the feedstuffs and feed produced by a feed manufacturer in Turkey. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakülte Dergisi, 18: 633-638.
  • Placinta CM, d’Mello JPF, MacDonald EK. 1999. A review of worldwide contamination of animal feed with fusarium mycotoxins. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 78:21–3
  • RG.2014. Resmi Gazete 2014/11 (in Turkish). Veteriner Hizm 7. etleri, Bitki Sağlığı, Gıda ve Yem Kanunu. Yemlerde İstenmeyen Maddeler Tebliği. 28977.
  • Santin E.2015.Understanding Mycotoxins Published on Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
  • TMB. Teşhiste Metot Birliği 2014. Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji (in Turkish). Hayvansal doku, yem ve yem hammaddelerinde aflatoksin ve okratoksinin LC-MS/MS ile analizi metodu.
  • Tiryaki O, Seçer E, Temur C. 2011.Yemlerde mikotoksin oluşumu, toksisiteleri ve mikotoksin kalıntı analizleri. Anadolu, Journal of Aarı, 1, 44 – 58.
  • TUIK (2014). 2015.Turkish Statistical Institute. Haber Bulteni. Sayı:18851.
  • Yildiz G. 2009.Türkiye’de çeşitli hayvancılık işletmelerinde kullanılan karma yemlerin ve yem hammaddelerinin OTA kirliliği yönünden İncelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 56: 131-135.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Nihayet Fadime Yalçın

Mehmet Kürşat Işık This is me

Tülay Avcı This is me

Halis Oğuz This is me

Behiç Çoşkun This is me

Emine Çiftçi This is me

Publication Date April 25, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yalçın, N. F., Işık, M. K., Avcı, T., Oğuz, H., et al. (2016). The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.41068
AMA Yalçın NF, Işık MK, Avcı T, Oğuz H, Çoşkun B, Çiftçi E. The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. April 2016;11(1). doi:10.17094/avbd.41068
Chicago Yalçın, Nihayet Fadime, Mehmet Kürşat Işık, Tülay Avcı, Halis Oğuz, Behiç Çoşkun, and Emine Çiftçi. “The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 11, no. 1 (April 2016). https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.41068.
EndNote Yalçın NF, Işık MK, Avcı T, Oğuz H, Çoşkun B, Çiftçi E (April 1, 2016) The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 11 1
IEEE N. F. Yalçın, M. K. Işık, T. Avcı, H. Oğuz, B. Çoşkun, and E. Çiftçi, “The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2016, doi: 10.17094/avbd.41068.
ISNAD Yalçın, Nihayet Fadime et al. “The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 11/1 (April 2016). https://doi.org/10.17094/avbd.41068.
JAMA Yalçın NF, Işık MK, Avcı T, Oğuz H, Çoşkun B, Çiftçi E. The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;11. doi:10.17094/avbd.41068.
MLA Yalçın, Nihayet Fadime et al. “The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2016, doi:10.17094/avbd.41068.
Vancouver Yalçın NF, Işık MK, Avcı T, Oğuz H, Çoşkun B, Çiftçi E. The Presence of Mycotoxin in Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Cattle in Konya and the Surrounding Provinces. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;11(1).