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Kuluçkahane Kökenli F5 ve F6 Nesil Karadeniz Somonu Anaçlarının (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) Üreme Performansları

Year 2023, Volume: 19 Issue: 4, 289 - 297, 01.12.2023

Osman Tolga Özel Eyüp Çakmak Ekrem Cem Çankırılıgil Recayi Çimagil Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1232320

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yürütülen seçici ıslah programının üreme performansına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, F5 ve F6 nesil kuluçkahane kökenli Karadeniz somonu (Salmo labrax) anaçlarının üreme bulguları irdelenmiştir. Çalışma, 2018-2021 tarihleri arasında tatlısu havuzlarında ve deniz ağ kafes sisteminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, ortalama boyları 52,71±7,08 cm ve ortalama ağırlıkları 1561,29±639,76 g olan F5 nesil anaçlardan 53 birey, ortalama boyları 51,92±5,35 cm ve ortalama ağırlıkları 1506,12±417,28 g olan F6 nesil anaçlardan 56 birey kullanılmıştır. Farklı nesil anaçların üreme periyodunda aylık üreme oranları, toplam yumurta verimi, nispi yumurta verimi, yumurta çapı ve döllenme oranları belirlenmiştir. 2018-2019, 2019-2020 ve 2020-2021 üreme periyotlarında (Kasım-Ocak ayları) gonad olgunluk kontrolleri ve sağım çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Sağılan F5 nesil anaçların oranı Kasım ayında % 36,17 iken Aralık ayında % 63,83, F6 nesil anaçlarda ise bu durum Kasım ayında % 37,40 Aralık ayında % 62,60 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, sağımı gerçekleştirilen F5 ve F6 nesil anaçların, toplam yumurta verimi, nispi yumurta verimi, yumurta çapları ve döllenme oranları sırasıyla 4439,31±1675,69 ve 4112,08±1041,16 adet/anaç, 2313,44±278,48 adet/kg ve 2345,76±516,30 adet/kg, 5,08±0,19 mm ve 5,21±0,17 mm % 96,78±3,24 ve % 96,63±3,73 olarak belirlenmiştir. Her iki nesil anaçların büyüklüğü arttıkça toplam yumurta veriminde de arttığı (F5: r=0,9169, F6: r=0.74254) fakat nispi yumurta veriminde ise (F5: r=-0,2526, F6: r=-0.3486) azalma olduğu görülmüştür. Toplam yumurta verimleri ve döllenme oranları karşılaştırıldığında F5 ve F6 grupları arasındaki fark önemsizdir. (p≤0.05). F5 ve F6 nesil anaçların kondisyon faktörlerinin benzer olduğu (p≤0.05) tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, damızlık yönetimine yönelik uygulanan seçici ıslah çalışmaları sonucunda türün damızlık yönetiminde maksimum üreme verimini ulaşıldığını anlaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Karadeniz somonu Seçici ıslah Üreme özellikleri Üreme sezonu

References

  • Bromage, N., Hardiman, P., Jones, J. & Springate, J. (1990). Fecundity, egg size and total volume differences in 12 stocks of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Richardson. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 21, 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1990.tb00465.x
  • Bromage, N., Jones, J., Randall, C., Trush, M., Davies, B., Springate, J., Duston, J. & Barker, G. (1992). Broodstock management, fecundity, egg quality and the timing of egg production in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 100, 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90355-O
  • Brown, C. J. D. & Kamp, G. C. (1942). Gonad measurement and egg counts of Brown trout (Salmo trutta) from the Madisonriver, Montana. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 71, 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659
  • BSGM. (2022). Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/BSGM/Belgeler/Icerikler/SuUrunleri
  • Çakmak, E., Firidin, Ş., Aksungur, N., Çavdar, Y., Kurtoğlu, İ. Z., Aksungur, M., Özel, O. T., Çankırılıgil E. C., Düzgüneş, Z. D., & Batır, E. (2022). Improving the reproductive yield of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) with a selective breeding program. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 37(3), 161-168. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221079847
  • Çakmak, E., Kurtoglu, İ. Z., Çavdar, Y., Aksungur, N., Firidin, Ş., Başçınar, N., Aksungur, M., Esenbuğa, H., Ak, O. & Zengin, B. (2007). Karadeniz Alabalığı (Salmo trutta labrax) Yetiştiriciliği ve Balıklandırma Amacıyla Kullanımı. Proje Sonuç Raporu Kitabı, Trabzon.
  • Çankırılıgil, E. C., Berik, N., Çakmak, E., Özel, O. T. & Alp-Erbay, E. (2022). Dietary carotenoids influence growth, fillet pigmentation, and quality characteristics of Black Sea trout (Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814). Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 38, 793–809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00407-7
  • Hobbs, F. (1937). Natural reproduction of quinat salmon, brown and rainbow trout in certain New Zealand waters. Fisheries Bulletin of New Zealand, 6, 1-104.
  • Estay, F., Diaz, N., Neira, R. & Fernandez, X. (1994). Analysis of reproductive performance in a rainbow trout hatchery in Chile. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 56, 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1994)056<0244:AORPOR>2.3.CO;2
  • Healey, M. C. & Heard, W. R. (1984). Inter and intra-population variation in the fecundity of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) and its relevance to life history theory. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41, 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1139/f84-057
  • Hopkins, C. L. (1970). Some aspects of the bionomic fish in the brown trout nursery stream. Fisheries Research Bulletin of New Zealand, 4, 1-38.
  • Horton, P. A. (1961). The bionomics of brown trout in a Dartmoor stream. Journal of Animal Ecology, 30, 311-338. https://doi.org/10.2307/2301
  • Kasapoglu, N., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Çakmak, E. & Özel, O. T. (2020). Meristic and morphometric characteristics of the Black Sea salmon, Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814 culture line: an endemic species for Eastern Black Sea. Journal of Fisheries, 8(3), 935-939.
  • MacDowal, R. M. (1978). New Zealand Freshwater Fishes-A Guide and Natural History. Heinemann Educational Books (NZ), Auckland.
  • MacGregor, J. S. (1957). Fecundity of the Pacific sardine (Sardenops caerula). US Fish and Wild Service. Fishery Bulletin, 121, 427-449.
  • Makhrov, A. A., Artamonova, V. S., Sumarokov, V. S., Pashkov, A. N., Reshetnikov, S. I., Ganchenko, M. V. & Kulyan, S. A. (2011). Variation in the timing of spawning of the Black Sea brown trout Salmo trutta labrax Pallas under artificial and natural conditions. Biology Bulletin, 38, 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359011020075
  • Moyle, P. B. (1976). Inland Fishes of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Needham, P. R., Mojert, J. W. & Slater, A. W. (1945). Fluctuations in wild brown trout populations in Convict Creek, California. Journal of Wildlife Management, 9, 9-15. https://doi.org/10.2307/3795940
  • Oswald, R. L. (1978). Injection anaesthesia for experimental studies in fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 60(C), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(78)90021-7
  • Özel, O. T., Çakmak, E., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Coşkun, İ., Ertürk Gürkan, S., Düzgüneş, Z. D., Türe, M., Çimagil, R., Yılmaz, H. A., Evliyaoğlu, E., Eroldoğan, O. T., Kutlu, İ., Alp Erbay, E., Dağtekin, B. B., Yeşilsu, A. F. & Berik, N. (2021). Bazı fitobiyotik katkılı yemlerin Karadeniz alabalık beslenmesinde kullanım olanaklarının belirlenmesi. Proje Sonuç Raporu, TAGEM/HAYSÜD/2017/A11/P-01/3, Trabzon.
  • Salihoğlu, H., Başçınar, N., Akhan, S., Sonay, F. D., Sayıl, E., Melek, H., Bayçelebi, H., Kuloğlu, T., Kara, F. & Sırtkaya, N. (2013). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Alabalık İşletmelerinde Anaç Stok Yönetim Sistemi Oluşturulması ve Biyoteknolojik Tekniklerin Uygulanması, GTHB Araştırma - Geliştirme Destekleri, Proje Sonuç Raporu, TAGEM/10/Ar-Ge/18, Trabzon.
  • Schlitzer, R. (2023). Ocean Data View. https://odv.awi.de
  • Tabak, İ., Aksungur, M., Zengin, M., Yılmaz, C., Aksungur, N., Alkan, A., Zengin, B. & Mısır, M. (2001). Karadeniz Alabalığının Biyo-Ekolojik Özelliklerinin ve Kültür İmkanlarının Araştırılması. Proje Sonuç Raporu. TAGEM/HAYSUD/98/12/01/007, Trabzon.
  • Thomas, J. D. (1964). Study on the growth of trout, Salmo trutta from four contrasting habitats. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 142, 459-510. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1964.tb04510.x
  • Toledo, M., Lemaire, A. L., Bagliniere, J. L. & Brana, F. (1993). Caracteristiques biologiques de la truite de mer (Salmo trutta) au nord de l’Espagne, dans deux rivieres des Asturies. Bulletin Francais de Peche et de Pisciculture, 330, 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae:1993008
  • TÜİK, Turkish Statistical Institute (2022). Fisheries Statistics. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index
  • Von Bayer, H. (1910). Method of Measuring Fish Eggs, Bulletin of The Bureau of Fisheries. Washington, U.S.A.

Reproductive Performance of Hatchery-Originated Black Sea Salmon Broodstocks' (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) F5 and F6 Filial Generations

Year 2023, Volume: 19 Issue: 4, 289 - 297, 01.12.2023

Osman Tolga Özel Eyüp Çakmak Ekrem Cem Çankırılıgil Recayi Çimagil Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1232320

Abstract

In this study, reproductive performances of F5 and F6 generation hatchery-originated female Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax) were evaluated to determine the effects of the ongoing selective breeding program. The study was conducted in freshwater pools and marine cage systems between 2018 and 2021. For the study, 53 specimens from F5 generation females with an average length of 52.71±7.08 cm and weight of 1561.29±639.76 gr, and also 56 broodstıcks specimens from F6 generation females with an average length of 51.92±5.35 cm and weight of 1506.12±417.28 gr were used. Gonad maturity controls and spawning studies were carried out in the 2018-2019, 2019-2020, and 2020-2021 breeding periods along the entire season, lasting from November to January. The number of ovulating females, their fecundity, egg diameters, and fertilization rates of eggs were recorded. In all seasons, 36.17% of F5 females ovulated in November, and the remaining females (63.83%) ovulated in December. Ovulation time in F6 females also showed a similar pattern of 1/3 of females (37.40%) ovulating in November and the remaining majority (62.60%) ovulating in December. According to the results, total egg yields as 4439.31±1675.69 and 4112.08±1041.16 egg/broodstock, relative egg yields as 2313.44±278.48 and 2345.76±516.30 egg/kg, egg diameters as 5.08±0.19 and 5.21±0.17 mm, and fertilization rates as 96.78±3.24% and 96.63±3.73% were determined for F5 and F6 generations, respectively. In both generations, as the size of the broodstock increases, the total egg production increases (F5: r=0.9169, F6: r=0.74254), while the relative egg production (F5: r=-0.2526, F6: r=-0.3486) decreases. When the total egg yields and fertilization rates were compared, the difference between the F5 and F6 groups was insignificant (p≤0.05). The condition factors of the two generations were found to be statistically similar (p≤0.05). As a result, it is understood that the maximum broodstock efficiency of the breed has been achieved in the broodstock management as a result of the selective breeding studies applied for the broodstock management.

Keywords

Black Sea salmon Selective breeding Reproductive characteristics Breeding season

References

  • Bromage, N., Hardiman, P., Jones, J. & Springate, J. (1990). Fecundity, egg size and total volume differences in 12 stocks of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Richardson. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 21, 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1990.tb00465.x
  • Bromage, N., Jones, J., Randall, C., Trush, M., Davies, B., Springate, J., Duston, J. & Barker, G. (1992). Broodstock management, fecundity, egg quality and the timing of egg production in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 100, 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90355-O
  • Brown, C. J. D. & Kamp, G. C. (1942). Gonad measurement and egg counts of Brown trout (Salmo trutta) from the Madisonriver, Montana. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 71, 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659
  • BSGM. (2022). Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/BSGM/Belgeler/Icerikler/SuUrunleri
  • Çakmak, E., Firidin, Ş., Aksungur, N., Çavdar, Y., Kurtoğlu, İ. Z., Aksungur, M., Özel, O. T., Çankırılıgil E. C., Düzgüneş, Z. D., & Batır, E. (2022). Improving the reproductive yield of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) with a selective breeding program. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 37(3), 161-168. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221079847
  • Çakmak, E., Kurtoglu, İ. Z., Çavdar, Y., Aksungur, N., Firidin, Ş., Başçınar, N., Aksungur, M., Esenbuğa, H., Ak, O. & Zengin, B. (2007). Karadeniz Alabalığı (Salmo trutta labrax) Yetiştiriciliği ve Balıklandırma Amacıyla Kullanımı. Proje Sonuç Raporu Kitabı, Trabzon.
  • Çankırılıgil, E. C., Berik, N., Çakmak, E., Özel, O. T. & Alp-Erbay, E. (2022). Dietary carotenoids influence growth, fillet pigmentation, and quality characteristics of Black Sea trout (Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814). Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 38, 793–809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00407-7
  • Hobbs, F. (1937). Natural reproduction of quinat salmon, brown and rainbow trout in certain New Zealand waters. Fisheries Bulletin of New Zealand, 6, 1-104.
  • Estay, F., Diaz, N., Neira, R. & Fernandez, X. (1994). Analysis of reproductive performance in a rainbow trout hatchery in Chile. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 56, 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1994)056<0244:AORPOR>2.3.CO;2
  • Healey, M. C. & Heard, W. R. (1984). Inter and intra-population variation in the fecundity of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) and its relevance to life history theory. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41, 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1139/f84-057
  • Hopkins, C. L. (1970). Some aspects of the bionomic fish in the brown trout nursery stream. Fisheries Research Bulletin of New Zealand, 4, 1-38.
  • Horton, P. A. (1961). The bionomics of brown trout in a Dartmoor stream. Journal of Animal Ecology, 30, 311-338. https://doi.org/10.2307/2301
  • Kasapoglu, N., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Çakmak, E. & Özel, O. T. (2020). Meristic and morphometric characteristics of the Black Sea salmon, Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814 culture line: an endemic species for Eastern Black Sea. Journal of Fisheries, 8(3), 935-939.
  • MacDowal, R. M. (1978). New Zealand Freshwater Fishes-A Guide and Natural History. Heinemann Educational Books (NZ), Auckland.
  • MacGregor, J. S. (1957). Fecundity of the Pacific sardine (Sardenops caerula). US Fish and Wild Service. Fishery Bulletin, 121, 427-449.
  • Makhrov, A. A., Artamonova, V. S., Sumarokov, V. S., Pashkov, A. N., Reshetnikov, S. I., Ganchenko, M. V. & Kulyan, S. A. (2011). Variation in the timing of spawning of the Black Sea brown trout Salmo trutta labrax Pallas under artificial and natural conditions. Biology Bulletin, 38, 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359011020075
  • Moyle, P. B. (1976). Inland Fishes of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Needham, P. R., Mojert, J. W. & Slater, A. W. (1945). Fluctuations in wild brown trout populations in Convict Creek, California. Journal of Wildlife Management, 9, 9-15. https://doi.org/10.2307/3795940
  • Oswald, R. L. (1978). Injection anaesthesia for experimental studies in fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 60(C), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(78)90021-7
  • Özel, O. T., Çakmak, E., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Coşkun, İ., Ertürk Gürkan, S., Düzgüneş, Z. D., Türe, M., Çimagil, R., Yılmaz, H. A., Evliyaoğlu, E., Eroldoğan, O. T., Kutlu, İ., Alp Erbay, E., Dağtekin, B. B., Yeşilsu, A. F. & Berik, N. (2021). Bazı fitobiyotik katkılı yemlerin Karadeniz alabalık beslenmesinde kullanım olanaklarının belirlenmesi. Proje Sonuç Raporu, TAGEM/HAYSÜD/2017/A11/P-01/3, Trabzon.
  • Salihoğlu, H., Başçınar, N., Akhan, S., Sonay, F. D., Sayıl, E., Melek, H., Bayçelebi, H., Kuloğlu, T., Kara, F. & Sırtkaya, N. (2013). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Alabalık İşletmelerinde Anaç Stok Yönetim Sistemi Oluşturulması ve Biyoteknolojik Tekniklerin Uygulanması, GTHB Araştırma - Geliştirme Destekleri, Proje Sonuç Raporu, TAGEM/10/Ar-Ge/18, Trabzon.
  • Schlitzer, R. (2023). Ocean Data View. https://odv.awi.de
  • Tabak, İ., Aksungur, M., Zengin, M., Yılmaz, C., Aksungur, N., Alkan, A., Zengin, B. & Mısır, M. (2001). Karadeniz Alabalığının Biyo-Ekolojik Özelliklerinin ve Kültür İmkanlarının Araştırılması. Proje Sonuç Raporu. TAGEM/HAYSUD/98/12/01/007, Trabzon.
  • Thomas, J. D. (1964). Study on the growth of trout, Salmo trutta from four contrasting habitats. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 142, 459-510. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1964.tb04510.x
  • Toledo, M., Lemaire, A. L., Bagliniere, J. L. & Brana, F. (1993). Caracteristiques biologiques de la truite de mer (Salmo trutta) au nord de l’Espagne, dans deux rivieres des Asturies. Bulletin Francais de Peche et de Pisciculture, 330, 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae:1993008
  • TÜİK, Turkish Statistical Institute (2022). Fisheries Statistics. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index
  • Von Bayer, H. (1910). Method of Measuring Fish Eggs, Bulletin of The Bureau of Fisheries. Washington, U.S.A.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Osman Tolga Özel 0000-0002-5414-6975

Eyüp Çakmak 0000-0003-3075-9862

Ekrem Cem Çankırılıgil 0000-0001-5898-4469

Recayi Çimagil 0000-0002-6046-0477

Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş 0000-0001-6243-4101

Early Pub Date October 19, 2023
Publication Date December 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 19 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Özel, O. T., Çakmak, E., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Çimagil, R., et al. (2023). Reproductive Performance of Hatchery-Originated Black Sea Salmon Broodstocks’ (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) F5 and F6 Filial Generations. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 19(4), 289-297. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1232320
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