Research Article
Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarından (Oncorhynchus mykiss) İzole Edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum İzolatlarının Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılığı
Abstract
Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Akdeniz bölgesindeki iki kuluçkahaneden temin edilen hasta gökkuşağı alabalıklarından (Oncorhynchus mykiss) izole edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum'un antibiyotik duyarlılığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nisan ayında hasta gökkuşağı alabalığı yavrularının (ağırlığı 1-2 g) böbrek ve dalağından alınan örneklerlemelerde tryptone yeast extract salts (TYES) agar besiyerine ekim yapılarak 15oC de 72 saat inkübe edilerek izolatlar elde edilmiştir. Biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve morfolojik özellikler ve API ZYM testi kullanılarak 14 izolat F. psychrophilum olarak tanımlanmıştır. İzolatların antibiyotik duyarlılıkları TYES agarda disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlenmiş, sonuçlar CLSI standartlarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Her kuluçkahaneden sadece bir izolat antibiyogram testi için kullanılmıştır. Her iki izolat da amoksisilin / klavulanik asit 2:1, penisilin, nitrofurantoin, florfenikol, amoksisilin, klindamisin, kloramfenikol, ampisilin, doksisiklin, streptomisin ve eritromisine duyarlı; sülfadiazin, sülfametoksazol / trimetoprim, oksolinik asit, vankomisin, trimetoprim / sülfadiazin, gentamisin, kanamisin, nalidiksik asit, oksasilin, enrofloksasin, flumequine, tobramisine dirençlidir. Sonuçlar, F. psychrophilum'un izole edilerek antimikrobiyal duyarlılık testinin yapılmasının hastalıkla mücadele de önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.
References
- Balta F (1997): Kültürü yapılan alabalıklarda(Oncorhynchus mykiss) görülen Flexibacter psychrophilaenfeksiyonu. IX. Ulusal Su Ürünleri Sempozyumu. 17-19Eylül 1997. Eğirdir/Isparta. 641-648.
- Bruun MS, Schmidt AS, Madsen L, Dalsgaard I (2000):Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Danish isolates of Flalobacterium psychrophilum. Aquaculture, 187, 201-212.
- Boyacioglu M (2007): Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus Mykıss) RTFS’ye (Rainbow Trout Fry Syndrome) neden olan Flavobacterıum Psychrophilum etkeninin izolasyonu ve antibakteriyel sağaltım seçeneğinin belirlenmesi. T.C. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Anabilim Dalı, AYDIN.
- Boyacioglu M, Akar F. (2012) Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum causing rainbow trout fry syndrome and determination of an effective antibacterial treatment in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak; 18: 197–203.
- Boyacioglu, M., Kum, C., Kirkan, Ş., Sekkin, S., Parin, U., Karademir, Ü., & Akar, F. (2015). Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy for the control of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry: the first genotypical evidence in West Aegean region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 39(3), 314-321.
- Del Cerro A, Marquez I, Prieto JM (2010): Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Flavobacteriumpsychrophilum isolated from cultured rainbow trout, Onchorynchus mykiss (Walbaum), in Spain. J Fish Dis, 33,285-291.
- Didinen BI, Diler O, Ekici S, Altun S (2005):Flavobacterium psychrophilum izolatlarının teşhisindeAPI ZYM kullanımı ve ATB VET ile antimikrobiyal duyarlılığın belirlenmesi. SDÜ Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 64-70.
- Diler Ö, Altun S, Işıklı BI (2003): Kültürü yapılan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’ndan izole edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum’un fenotipikkarakterleri. SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7, 1-8.
- Durmaz, Y., Onuk, E. E., & Ciftci, A. (2012). Investigation of the presence and antibiotic susceptibilities of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout farms (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) in The Middle and Eastern Black Sea Regions of Turkey. Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi,59, 141-146.
- Gultepe, N., & Tanrikul, T. T. (2006). Treatment methods of Flavobacterium psychrophilum: cause of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RFTS) and bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) in Turkey. Journal of Fisheries International, 1(2-4), 102-105.
- Hesami, S., Parkman, J., MacInnes, J. I., Gray, J. T., Gyles, C. L., & Lumsden, J. S. (2010). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from Ontario. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 22(1), 39-49.
- İspir, Ü., Şeker, E., Sağlam, N., & Dörücü, M. (2004). Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bazı Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) işletmelerinde görülen Flavobacterium psychrophilum enfeksiyonunun araştırılması. Ü. Fen ve Müh. Bil. Derg, 16(4), 718-724.
- Kubilay A, Altun S, Didinen BI, Ekici S, Diler O (2009). Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak; 15: 709–715(in Turkish with English abstract).
- Kum, C., Kirkan, S., Sekkin, S., Akar, F., & Boyacioglu, M. (2008). Comparison of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility in Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolated from rainbow trout fry. Journal of aquatic animal health,20(4), 245-251.
- Madetoja,J.,2002, Flavobacterium psycrophilum: characterisation, experimental transmission and ocuurence in fish and fish farming enviroments. Academic dissertation, Finland, 1-37.
- Mwega, E., Chengula, A., Colquhoun, D., Mutoloki, S., Mdegela, R., Evensen, Ø., & Wasteson, Y. (2020). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacteriaceae isolates from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Tanzania. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 14(1), 42-50.
- Ngo, T. P., Smith, P., Bartie, K. L., Thompson, K. D., Verner‐Jeffreys, D. W., Hoare, R., & Adams, A. (2018). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from the United Kingdom. Journal of fish diseases, 41(2), 309-320.
- Özcan, M., &Sarieyyüpoğlu, M. (2013). Elazığ İlindeki Bazı Alabalık İşletmelerinde İzole Edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum'un Antibakteriyel Duyarlılıklarının İncelenmesi. Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 2013(2).
- Rangdale RE, Richards RH, Alderman DJ (1997): Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobial compounds against Flavobacterium psychrophilum the causal agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS). Aquaculture, 158, 193-201.
- Saticioglu, I. B., Duman, M., Smith, P., Wiklund, T., & Altun, S. (2019). Antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes in Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from Turkey. Aquaculture, 512, 734293.
- Valdebenito S, Avendano-Herrera R (2009).Phenotypic, serological and genetic characterization of Flavobacterium psychrophilum strains isolated from salmonids in Chile. J Fish Dis, 32, 321-333.
- Van Vliet, D., Loch, T. P., Smith, P., & Faisal, M. (2017). Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Favobacterium psychrophilum isolates from the Great Lakes Basin, Michigan. Microbial drug resistance, 23(6), 791-798.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum Isolated from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine antibiotic susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolated in diseased rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from two hatcheries in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The samples were taken from the kidney and spleen for bacteriology from rainbow trout juveniles (weight 0.7-1 g) in April and isolates obtained on tryptone yeast extract salts (TYES) agar medium at 15°C for 72 hours. Fourteen isolates were identified as F. psychrophilum using biochemical, physiological, and morphological characteristics and API ZYM test. Antibiotic sensitivities of the isolates were determined by the disc diffusion method on TYES agar, and the results were evaluated according to CLSI standards. Only one isolate from each hatchery was used for the antibiogram test. Both isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2:1, penicillin, nitrofurantoin, florfenicol, amoxicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, doxycycline, streptomycin, and erythromycin; resistant to sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, oxolinic acid, vancomycin, trimethoprim/sulfadiazine, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, oxacillin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, tobramycin. The results show that isolating F. psychrophilum and performing the antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important issue in disease control.
References
- Balta F (1997): Kültürü yapılan alabalıklarda(Oncorhynchus mykiss) görülen Flexibacter psychrophilaenfeksiyonu. IX. Ulusal Su Ürünleri Sempozyumu. 17-19Eylül 1997. Eğirdir/Isparta. 641-648.
- Bruun MS, Schmidt AS, Madsen L, Dalsgaard I (2000):Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Danish isolates of Flalobacterium psychrophilum. Aquaculture, 187, 201-212.
- Boyacioglu M (2007): Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus Mykıss) RTFS’ye (Rainbow Trout Fry Syndrome) neden olan Flavobacterıum Psychrophilum etkeninin izolasyonu ve antibakteriyel sağaltım seçeneğinin belirlenmesi. T.C. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Anabilim Dalı, AYDIN.
- Boyacioglu M, Akar F. (2012) Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum causing rainbow trout fry syndrome and determination of an effective antibacterial treatment in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak; 18: 197–203.
- Boyacioglu, M., Kum, C., Kirkan, Ş., Sekkin, S., Parin, U., Karademir, Ü., & Akar, F. (2015). Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy for the control of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry: the first genotypical evidence in West Aegean region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 39(3), 314-321.
- Del Cerro A, Marquez I, Prieto JM (2010): Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Flavobacteriumpsychrophilum isolated from cultured rainbow trout, Onchorynchus mykiss (Walbaum), in Spain. J Fish Dis, 33,285-291.
- Didinen BI, Diler O, Ekici S, Altun S (2005):Flavobacterium psychrophilum izolatlarının teşhisindeAPI ZYM kullanımı ve ATB VET ile antimikrobiyal duyarlılığın belirlenmesi. SDÜ Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 64-70.
- Diler Ö, Altun S, Işıklı BI (2003): Kültürü yapılan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’ndan izole edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum’un fenotipikkarakterleri. SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7, 1-8.
- Durmaz, Y., Onuk, E. E., & Ciftci, A. (2012). Investigation of the presence and antibiotic susceptibilities of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout farms (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) in The Middle and Eastern Black Sea Regions of Turkey. Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi,59, 141-146.
- Gultepe, N., & Tanrikul, T. T. (2006). Treatment methods of Flavobacterium psychrophilum: cause of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RFTS) and bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) in Turkey. Journal of Fisheries International, 1(2-4), 102-105.
- Hesami, S., Parkman, J., MacInnes, J. I., Gray, J. T., Gyles, C. L., & Lumsden, J. S. (2010). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from Ontario. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 22(1), 39-49.
- İspir, Ü., Şeker, E., Sağlam, N., & Dörücü, M. (2004). Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bazı Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) işletmelerinde görülen Flavobacterium psychrophilum enfeksiyonunun araştırılması. Ü. Fen ve Müh. Bil. Derg, 16(4), 718-724.
- Kubilay A, Altun S, Didinen BI, Ekici S, Diler O (2009). Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak; 15: 709–715(in Turkish with English abstract).
- Kum, C., Kirkan, S., Sekkin, S., Akar, F., & Boyacioglu, M. (2008). Comparison of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility in Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolated from rainbow trout fry. Journal of aquatic animal health,20(4), 245-251.
- Madetoja,J.,2002, Flavobacterium psycrophilum: characterisation, experimental transmission and ocuurence in fish and fish farming enviroments. Academic dissertation, Finland, 1-37.
- Mwega, E., Chengula, A., Colquhoun, D., Mutoloki, S., Mdegela, R., Evensen, Ø., & Wasteson, Y. (2020). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacteriaceae isolates from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Tanzania. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 14(1), 42-50.
- Ngo, T. P., Smith, P., Bartie, K. L., Thompson, K. D., Verner‐Jeffreys, D. W., Hoare, R., & Adams, A. (2018). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from the United Kingdom. Journal of fish diseases, 41(2), 309-320.
- Özcan, M., &Sarieyyüpoğlu, M. (2013). Elazığ İlindeki Bazı Alabalık İşletmelerinde İzole Edilen Flavobacterium psychrophilum'un Antibakteriyel Duyarlılıklarının İncelenmesi. Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 2013(2).
- Rangdale RE, Richards RH, Alderman DJ (1997): Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobial compounds against Flavobacterium psychrophilum the causal agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS). Aquaculture, 158, 193-201.
- Saticioglu, I. B., Duman, M., Smith, P., Wiklund, T., & Altun, S. (2019). Antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes in Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from Turkey. Aquaculture, 512, 734293.
- Valdebenito S, Avendano-Herrera R (2009).Phenotypic, serological and genetic characterization of Flavobacterium psychrophilum strains isolated from salmonids in Chile. J Fish Dis, 32, 321-333.
- Van Vliet, D., Loch, T. P., Smith, P., & Faisal, M. (2017). Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Favobacterium psychrophilum isolates from the Great Lakes Basin, Michigan. Microbial drug resistance, 23(6), 791-798.
There are 22 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 1, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 |
